Unyango lomhlaza webala lobudoda

Unyango lomhlaza wakho wedlala lendlala lukhethwa emva kovavanyo olucokisekileyo. Umboneleli wakho wezempilo uya kuxoxa ngezibonelelo kunye nomngcipheko kunyango ngalunye.

Ngamanye amaxesha umboneleli wakho unokucebisa unyango olunye ngenxa yohlobo lwakho lomhlaza kunye nezinto ezinobungozi. Ngamanye amaxesha, kunokubakho unyango okanye ezimbini ezingakulungela.

Izinto ocinga ukuba wena kunye nomboneleli wakho kufuneka ucinge ngazo zibandakanya:

• Ubudala bakho kunye nezinye iingxaki zonyango onokuba nazo
• Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezenzeka kuhlobo ngalunye lonyango
• Nokuba umhlaza wamadlala uhleli ngaphakathi okanye ungakanani na umhlaza wedlala lobudoda
• Inqaku lakho leGleason, elichaza ukuba ungakanani umhlaza
• Iziphumo zakho zovavanyo lweprostate-specific antigen (PSA)

Buza umboneleli wakho ukuba achaze ezi zinto zilandelayo malunga nokhetho lwakho lonyango:

• Luluphi ukhetho olunikezela elona thuba lilungileyo lokunyanga umhlaza wakho okanye ukulawula ukusasazeka kwawo?
• Ngaba kunokwenzeka ukuba ube neziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezahlukeneyo, kwaye ziya kubuchaphazela njani ubomi bakho?

I-radical prostatectomy lutyando lokususa iprotate kunye nezinye izihlunu ezijikelezileyo. Kukhethwa xa umhlaza ungasasazekanga ngaphaya kweprotrate gland.

Amadoda aphilileyo anokuhlala iminyaka eli-10 okanye nangaphezulu emva kokuba efunyaniswe enomhlaza wedlala lobudoda ahlala enale nkqubo.

Qaphela ukuba akusoloko kunokwenzeka ukwazi ngokuqinisekileyo, ngaphambi kotyando, ukuba umhlaza usasazeke ngaphaya kweprotrate gland.

Iingxaki ezinokubakho emva kotyando zibandakanya ubunzima bokulawula umchamo kunye neengxaki zokwakhiwa. Kwakhona, amanye amadoda afuna unyango olungaphaya emva kolu tyando.

Unyango lwe-radiation lusebenza ngokunyanga umhlaza wedlala lobudoda olungasasazekanga ngaphandle kweprotrate. Ingasetyenziselwa emva kotyando ukuba kukho umngcipheko wokuba iiseli zomhlaza zisekhona. Imitha ngamanye amaxesha isetyenziselwa ukuphelisa iintlungu xa umhlaza usasazekile waya ethanjeni.

Unyango lwe-radiation lwangaphandle olusebenzisa i-x-reyi ephezulu enezixhobo ezichazwe kwi-Prostate gland:

• Phambi konyango, ugqirha wemitha usebenzisa ipeni ekhethekileyo ukumakisha indawo yomzimba eza kunyangwa.
• Imitha ihanjiswa kwi-Prostate gland kusetyenziswa umatshini ofana nomatshini oqhelekileyo we-x-ray. Unyango ngokwalo ludla ngokungabi nazintlungu.
• Unyango lwenziwa kwiziko le-oncology yemitha edla ngokudityaniswa nesibhedlele.
• Unyango luhlala lwenziwa iintsuku ezintlanu ngeveki iiveki ezi-6 ukuya kwezi-8.

Iziphumo ezinokubandakanya:

• Ukulahleka kokutya
• Urhudo
• Iingxaki zokwakhiwa
• Ukudinwa
• Ukutsha okungafunekiyo okanye ukwenzakala
• Ukuphendula kolusu
• Ukungahambi kakuhle komchamo, imvakalelo yokufuna ukuchama ngokungxamisekileyo, okanye igazi kumchamo

Kukho iingxelo zomhlaza wesibini ovela kwimitha ngokunjalo.

Unyango lweProton lolunye uhlobo lonyango lwemitha olusetyenziselwa ukunyanga umhlaza wedlala lesinyi. Iiproton iiplanga zijolise ngqo kwi-tumor, ngoko ke akukho monakalo omncinci kwizicubu ezijikelezileyo. Olu nyango alwamkelekanga ngokubanzi okanye alusetyenziswanga.

I-Brachytherapy ihlala isetyenziselwa umhlaza omncinci we-Prostate ofunyanwa kwangoko kwaye okhula kancinci. I-Brachytherapy inokudibaniswa nonyango lwangaphandle lwe-radiation kwi-cancer ephezulu.

I-Brachytherapy ibandakanya ukubeka imbewu ye-radioactive ngaphakathi kweprostate gland.

• Ugqirha ufaka iinaliti ezincinci esikhumbeni phantsi kweprototum yakho ukujoba imbewu. Imbewu incinci kakhulu kangangokuba awuziva.
• Imbewu ishiyeke endaweni yayo ngokusisigxina.

Iziphumo ezinokubandakanya:

• Intlungu, ukudumba, okanye ukugruzuka kwilungu lobudoda okanye kwisingxobo samatyhalarha
• Umchamo obomvu-mdaka okanye incindi yobudoda
• Ukungabi namandla
• Ukungakwazi ukuzibamba
• Ukugcinwa komchamo
• Urhudo

I-testosterone yeyona hormone iphambili eyindoda. Izidumba zeprostate zifuna i-testosterone ukuba ikhule. Unyango lweHormonal lunyango olwehlisa ifuthe le testosterone kumhlaza webele.

Unyango lweHormone lusetyenziselwa umhlaza osasazeke ngaphaya kweprostate, kodwa inokusetyenziswa kunye notyando kunye nemitha ukunyanga umhlaza ophezulu. Unyango lunokunceda ukukhulula iimpawu kunye nokuthintela ukukhula ngakumbi kunye nokusasazeka komhlaza. Kodwa ayinyangi umhlaza.

Olona hlobo lonyango lwehomoni lubizwa ngokuba yi-luteinizing hormone-ekhulula iihormoni (LH-RH) agonist. Olunye udidi lonyango lubizwa ngokuba zii-LH-RH antagonists:

• Zombini ezi ntlobo zamayeza ziyawavimba amasende ekwenzeni i-testosterone. Amachiza kufuneka anikezwe ngenaliti, ihlala iinyanga ezintathu ukuya kwezintandathu.
• Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinokubakho zibandakanya isicaphucaphu nokugabha, ubushushu, ukukhula kwamabele kunye / okanye ukuthamba, ianemia, ukudinwa, amathambo anciphayo (i-osteoporosis), ukunciphisa umnqweno wesini, ukunciphisa ubunzima bemisipha, ukuzuza ubunzima kunye nokungabi namandla.

Olunye uhlobo lwamayeza e-hormone abizwa ngokuba sisiyobisi esine-androgen:

• Ihlala inikwa kunye namachiza e-LH-RH ukuvimba isiphumo se testosterone esiveliswe ngamadlala eadrenal, enza isixa esincinci se testosterone.
• Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinokubakho zibandakanya iingxaki zokumiswa, ukunciphisa umnqweno wesini, iingxaki zesibindi, urhudo, kunye namabele awandisiweyo.

Uninzi lwe testosterone lomzimba lwenziwa zii-testes. Ngenxa yoko, utyando lokususa ii-testes (ezibizwa ngokuba yi-orchiectomy) zingasetyenziswa njengonyango lwehomoni.

I-Chemotherapy kunye ne-immunotherapy (iyeza elinceda amajoni omzimba ukulwa nomhlaza) linokusetyenziselwa ukunyanga umhlaza wedlala lobudoda elingasabeliyo kunyango lwehomoni. Ngokwesiqhelo ichiza elinye okanye indibaniselwano yamachiza iyacetyiswa.

I-Cryotherapy isebenzisa amaqondo obushushu abanda kakhulu ukubanda kunye nokubulala iiseli zomhlaza webele. Injongo ye-cryosurgery kukutshabalalisa yonke i-Prostate gland kunye nezicubu ezijikelezileyo.

I-Cryosurgery ngokubanzi ayisetyenziswanga njengonyango lokuqala lomhlaza webele.

• I-anatomy yokuzala eyindoda

Kwiwebhusayithi yeZiko loMhlaza weSizwe. Unyango lwe-Prostate cancer (PDQ) -uhlobo lobungcali kwezempilo. www.cancer.gov/types/prostate/hp/prostate-kunyanga-pdq. Ukuhlaziywa ngoJanuwari 29, 2020. Ifikeleleke ngo-Matshi 24, 2020.

Iwebhusayithi yeNethiwekhi yeCancer epheleleyo yoMhlaza. Izikhokelo ze-NCCN zokuziqhelanisa neklinikhi kwi-oncology (izikhokelo ze-NCCN): umhlaza webele Inguqulelo 1.2020. www.nccn.org/professionals/physician_gls/pdf/prostate.pdf. Ukuhlaziywa ngo-Matshi 16, 2020. Ifikeleleke ngo-Matshi 24, 2020.

UNelson WG, uAntonarakis ES, uCarter HB, uDe Marzo AM, uDeWeese TL. Umhlaza wedlala lobudoda. Ku: Niederhuber JE, Armitage JO, Kastan MB, Doroshow JH, Tepper JE, ii-eds. I-Oncology yeklinikhi yase-Abeloff. Umhla wesi-6. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2020: isahl 81.

• Umhlaza wedlala lobudoda