INorovirus - isibhedlele

INorovirus yintsholongwane (intsholongwane) ebangela ukosulelwa sisisu kunye namathumbu. INorovirus inokusasazeka ngokulula kuseto lokhathalelo lwempilo. Funda ukuze ufunde indlela yokuthintela ukusulelwa yi-norovirus ukuba usesibhedlele.

Iintsholongwane ezininzi zeqela le-norovirus, kwaye zisasazeka ngokulula kakhulu. Ukuqhamka kuseto lokhathalelo lwempilo kwenzeka ngokukhawuleza kwaye kunokuba nzima ukulawula.

Iimpawu ziqala kwiiyure ezingama-24 ukuya kuma-48 zosulelo, kwaye zinokuhlala iintsuku ezi-1 ukuya kwezi-3. Urhudo kunye nokugabha kunokuba nzima, kukhokelele umzimba ekubeni ungabinamanzi aneleyo (ukomisa).

Nabani na unokosulelwa yi-norovirus. Izigulane zesibhedlele ezindala kakhulu, zincinci kakhulu, okanye zigula kakhulu zonzakaliswa zizifo ze-norovirus.

Usulelo lweNorovirus lunokwenzeka nangaliphi na ixesha enyakeni. Ingasasazeka xa abantu:

• Chukumisa izinto okanye umphezulu osulelekileyo, emva koko ubeke izandla emilonyeni. (Okungcolileyo kuthetha ukuba intsholongwane ye-norovirus ikhona kwinto okanye kumphezulu.)
• Yitya okanye usele into engcolileyo.

Kuyenzeka ukuba wosulelwe nge-norovirus ngaphezulu kwesihlandlo esinye ebomini bakho.

Uninzi lwamatyala awadingi kuvavanywa. Ngamanye amaxesha, ukuvavanywa kwe-norovirus kwenziwa ukuqonda ukugqabhuka, njengasesibhedlele. Olu vavanyo lwenziwa ngokuqokelela isitulo okanye ukugabha isampulu kwaye uyithumele kwilebhu.

Izifo zeNorovirus azinyangwa ngamayeza okubulala iintsholongwane kuba iintsholongwane zibulala iintsholongwane, hayi iintsholongwane. Ukufumana ulwelo oluninzi olongezelelekileyo ngomthambo (IV, okanye nge-intravenous) yeyona ndlela yokuthintela umzimba ekungabikho emzimbeni.

Iimpawu zihlala zisombulula kwiintsuku ezi-2 ukuya kwezi-3. Nangona abantu besenokuziva bebhetele, banokusasaza intsholongwane kwabanye ukuya kuthi ga kwiiyure ezingama-72 (kwezinye iimeko 1 ukuya kwiiveki ezimbini) emva kokuba iimpawu zabo zisonjululwe.

Abasebenzi besibhedlele kunye neendwendwe kufuneka bahlale ekhaya xa beziva begula okanye benomkhuhlane, urhudo, okanye isicaphucaphu. Kuya kufuneka babonisane nesebe labo lezempilo kwiziko labo. Oku kunceda ukukhusela abanye esibhedlele. Khumbula, into enokubonakala ngathi yingxaki encinci yezempilo kuwe inokuba yingxaki enkulu yempilo kumntu esibhedlele osele egula.

Nokuba akukho kuqhambuko lwe-norovirus, abasebenzi kunye neendwendwe kufuneka bacoce izandla zabo rhoqo:

• Ukuhlamba izandla ngesepha kunye namanzi kuthintela ukusasazeka kwalo naluphi na usulelo.
• Ucoceko olusekwe etywaleni lunokusetyenziswa phakathi kokuhlamba izandla.

Abantu abosuleleke nge-norovirus babekwa bodwa kunxibelelwano. Le yindlela yokwenza imiqobo phakathi kwabantu neentsholongwane.

• Ithintela ukusasazeka kweentsholongwane phakathi kwabasebenzi, isigulana kunye nabakhenkethi.
• Ukuzahlulwa kuya kuhlala iiyure ezingama-48 ukuya kwezingama-72 emva kokuba iimpawu zihambile.

Abasebenzi kunye nabanikezeli bezempilo kufuneka:

• Sebenzisa izambatho ezifanelekileyo, ezinje ngeeglavu zodwa kunye negawuni xa ungena kwigumbi lesigulana elizimeleyo.
• Nxiba imaski xa kukho ithuba lokutshiza ulwelo lomzimba.
• Soloko ucocekile kwaye ukhupha isibulali zintsholongwane kwizigulana eziye zachukumisa zisebenzisa isicoci esisebenzisa iblitshi.
• Nciphisa ukuhambisa izigulana kwezinye iindawo zesibhedlele.
• Gcina izinto zesigulana kwiingxowa ezikhethekileyo kwaye ulahle naziphi na izinto ezilahlwayo.

Nabani na otyelele isigulana esinophawu lokuzihlukanisa ngaphandle komnyango kufuneka eme kwiziko labongikazi ngaphambi kokungena kwigumbi lesigulana.

Gastroenteritis - norovirus; Colitis - norovirus; Isibhedlele sifumene usulelo - i-norovirus

UDolin R, uTreanor JJ. I-Noroviruses kunye ne-sapoviruses (caliciviruses). Ku: Bennett JE, Dolin R, Blaser MJ, ii-eds. Mandell, Douglas, kunye neBennett's Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases. Umhla we-9. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 176.

UFranco MA, uGreenberg HB. Iirotaviruses, noroviruses, kunye nezinye iintsholongwane zesisu. Ku: IGoldman L, iSchafer AI, ii-eds. Amayeza eGoldman-Cecil. Ngomhla wama-26. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 356.

• Gastroenteritis
• Izifo zeNorovirus