Uxinzelelo lwegazi

Uxinzelelo lwegazi olunobungozi luxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu kakhulu oluza ngokukhawuleza kwaye ngokukhawuleza.

Esi sifo sichaphazela inani elincinci labantu abanexinzelelo lwegazi, kubandakanya abantwana kunye nabantu abadala. Kuqheleke kakhulu kubantu abadala abancinci, ngakumbi amadoda ase-Afrika aseMelika.

Kuyenzeka nakubantu abane:

• Iingxaki ze-Collagen vascular (ezifana ne-systemic lupus erythematosus, systemic sclerosis, kunye ne-periarteritis nodosa)
• Iingxaki zezintso
• Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu lokukhulelwa (toxemia)

Usemngciphekweni omkhulu wokuba noxinzelelo lwegazi ukuba uyatshaya kwaye ukhe:

• Ukungaphumeleli kwezintso
• Uxinzelelo lwe-renal olubangelwa yimithambo ye-renal stenosis

Iimpawu zoxinzelelo lwegazi zibandakanya:

• Umbono omfiliba
• Utshintsho kwisimo sengqondo, ezinje ngexhala, ukudideka, ukunciphisa ukulumka, ukunciphisa amandla okugxila, ukudinwa, ukungahlaliseki, ukulala okanye ukulala
• Intlungu yesifuba (imvakalelo yokutyumza okanye uxinzelelo)
• Khohlela
• Intloko ebuhlungu
• Isihlunu okanye ukugabha
• Ubungqongqo beengalo, imilenze, ubuso, okanye ezinye iindawo
• Ukunciphisa imveliso yomchamo
• Ukuhlutha
• Ukuqhawukelwa ngumphefumlo
• Ubuthathaka beengalo, imilenze, ubuso, okanye ezinye iindawo

Uxinzelelo lwegazi olunobungozi yimeko engxamisekileyo yezonyango.

Uvavanyo lomzimba lubonisa:

• Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu kakhulu
• Ukudumba kwimilenze neenyawo ezisezantsi
• Intliziyo engaqhelekanga izandi kunye nolwelo emiphungeni
• Utshintsho kwindlela ocinga ngayo, uvakalelo kunye nengqondo

Uvavanyo lwamehlo luya kutyhila utshintsho olubonisa uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu, kubandakanya:

• Ukopha kweretina (ngasemva kweliso)
• Ukunciphisa imithambo yegazi kwi-retina
• Ukudumba kwemithambo-luvo
• Ezinye iingxaki zeretina

Uvavanyo lokufumanisa umonakalo kwizintso lunokubandakanya:

• Uhlalutyo lwegesi yegazi
• BUN (igazi urea nitrogen)
• Uyilo
• Uhlalutyo lomchamo
• Isifo sezintso

I-x-ray yesifuba ingabonisa ukuxinana kwimiphunga kunye nentliziyo eyandisiweyo.

Esi sifo sinokuchaphazela iziphumo zolu vavanyo:

• Inqanaba le-aldosterone (ihomoni evela kwi-adrenal gland)
• Ii-enzymes zentliziyo (iimpawu zokulimala kwentliziyo)
• Ukuvavanywa kwe-CT kwengqondo
• I-Electrocardiogram (EKG)
• Inqanaba likaRenin
• Intlenga yomchamo

Kuya kufuneka uhlale esibhedlele de uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu lube phantsi kolawulo. Uyakufumana amayeza ngomthambo (IV) ukunciphisa uxinzelelo lwegazi.

Ukuba kukho ulwelo emiphungeni yakho, uyakunikwa amayeza abizwa ngokuba ngumchamo, anceda umzimba ukuba ususe ulwelo. Ugqirha wakho angakunika amayeza okukhusela intliziyo yakho ukuba uneempawu zokonakala kwentliziyo.

Emva kokuba uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu luphantsi kolawulo, amayeza oxinzelelo lwegazi athathwe ngomlomo angalulawula uxinzelelo lwegazi. Amayeza akho anokufuna ukutshintsha ngamanye amaxesha. Uxinzelelo lwegazi kunokuba nzima ukulawula.

Iinkqubo ezininzi zomzimba zisengozini enkulu ngenxa yokunyuka kakhulu koxinzelelo lwegazi. Amalungu kubandakanya ubuchopho, amehlo, imithambo yegazi, intliziyo kunye nezintso zinokonakala.

Imithambo yegazi yezintso kunokwenzeka ukuba yonakaliswe luxinzelelo lwegazi. Ukusilela kwezintso kunokukhula, okunokuhlala ngokusisigxina. Ukuba oku kuyenzeka, unokufuna i-dialysis (umatshini osusa inkunkuma egazini).

Ukuba uphathwe kwangoko, uxinzelelo lwegazi olunobungozi lunokulawulwa ngaphandle kokubangela iingxaki ezingapheliyo. Ukuba ayinyangwa kwangoko, inokubulala.

Ezi ngxaki zinokwenzeka:

• Umonakalo wobuchopho (ukubetha, ukuxhuzula)
• Umonakalo wentliziyo, kubandakanya: isifo sentliziyo, i-angina (iintlungu zesifuba ngenxa yemithambo yegazi emxinwa okanye imisipha yentliziyo ebuthathaka), isingqi sentliziyo ukuphazamiseka
• Ukungaphumeleli kwezintso
• Ubumfama obungapheliyo
• Ulwelo emiphungeni

Yiya kwigumbi likaxakeka okanye fowunela inombolo yongxamiseko yendawo yakho (enje nge-911) ukuba uneempawu zoxinzelelo lwegazi. Le yimeko engxamisekileyo enokusongela ubomi.

Tsalela umnxeba umboneleli wakho ukuba uyazi ukuba ulawule kakubi uxinzelelo lwegazi.

Ukuba unoxinzelelo oluphezulu lwegazi, jonga ngononophelo uxinzelelo lwegazi kwaye uthathe amayeza akho ngokufanelekileyo ukukunceda ukunciphisa umngcipheko. Yitya ukutya okusempilweni okunetyuwa eninzi kunye namafutha.

Ukunyuka koxinzelelo lwegazi; Iarteriolar nephrosclerosis; I-Nephrosclerosis - i-arteriolar; Uxinzelelo lwegazi - olubi; Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu - olubi

• Izintso ezinexinzelelo

IBansal S, iLinas SL. Uxinzelelo lwexinzelelo: olungxamisekileyo kunye nokungxamiseka. Ku: Vincent JL, Abraham E, Moore FA, PM Kochanek, Fink MP, ii-eds. Incwadi yesikhokelo soKhathalelo oluBalulekileyo. Umhla wesi-7. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; Ngo-2017: isahluko 87.

I-Greco BA, Umanath K.Uxinzelelo lwegazi kunye nephropathy ye-ischemic. Ku: Feehally J, Floege J, Tonelli M, Johnson RJ, ii-eds. I-Clinical Nephrology epheleleyo. Umhla wesi-6. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; I-2019: isahluko 41.

UKaynar AM. Ukutolikwa kwerhasi yegazi. Ku: Vincent JL, Abraham E, Moore FA, PM Kochanek, Fink MP, ii-eds. Incwadi yesikhokelo soKhathalelo oluBalulekileyo. Umhla wesi-7. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; Ngo-2017: isahluko 36.

Umrhumo PD, Brody A. Uxinzelelo lwegazi. Ku: Iindonga RM, iHockberger RS, iGausche-Hill M, ii-eds. Unyango lukaRosen oluNgxamisekileyo: iikhonsepthi kunye nokuziqhelanisa neklinikhi. Umhla we-9. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; I-2018: isahluko 74.