Isifo seswekile kunye nesifo sezintso

Isifo sezintso okanye ukonzakala kwezintso kuhlala kusenzeka ngokuhamba kwexesha kubantu abanesifo seswekile. Olu hlobo lwesifo sezintso lubizwa ngokuba yi-nephropathy yeswekile.

Intso nganye yenziwe ngamakhulu amawaka eeyunithi ezincinci ezibizwa ngokuba ziifrons. Ezi zakhiwo zihluza igazi lakho, zincede zisuse inkunkuma emzimbeni, kwaye zilawule ulungelelwaniso lwamanzi.

Kubantu abanesifo seswekile, ii-nephrons ziyatyeba kancinci kancinci kwaye ziye zonzakale ngokuhamba kwexesha. Iifrons ziqala ukuvuza, kwaye iprotein (albin) idlulela kumchamo. Lo monakalo unokwenzeka kwiminyaka ngaphambi kokuba kuvele naziphi na iimpawu zesifo sezintso.

Ukonakala kwezintso kunokwenzeka ukuba:

• Uneswekile yegazi engalawulekiyo
• Batyebile
• Yiba noxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu
• Yiba nohlobo 1 lweswekile olwaqala ngaphambi kokuba ube neminyaka engama-20 ubudala
• Unamalungu osapho nawo anesifo seswekile kunye neengxaki zezintso
• Umsi
• Ngaba amaMelika aseMelika, amaMelika aseMexico, okanye amaMelika aseMelika

Rhoqo, akukho zimpawu njengoko umonakalo wezintso uqala kwaye ucotha kancinci. Ukonakala kwezintso kungaqala kwiminyaka emi-5 ukuya kweli-10 ngaphambi kokuba kuqale iimpawu.

Abantu abanesifo sezintso ezinzima kakhulu kunye nexesha elide (elingapheliyo) banokuba neempawu ezinje:

• Ukukhathala ixesha elininzi
• Imvakalelo yokugula ngokubanzi
• Intloko ebuhlungu
• Ukubetha kwentliziyo ngokungaqhelekanga
• Isicaphucaphu nokugabha
• Ukutya okungafanelekanga
• Ukudumba kwemilenze
• Ukuqhawukelwa ngumphefumlo
• Ulusu olurhawuzayo
• Ukuphuhlisa ngokulula izifo

Umboneleli wakho wezempilo uya ku-odola uvavanyo ukuze afumane iimpawu zeengxaki zezintso.

Uvavanyo lomchamo lukhangela iprotein, ebizwa ngokuba yialbumin, ingene kumchamo.

• I-albumin eninzi kumchamo ihlala iluphawu lokonzakala kwezintso.
• Olu vavanyo lukwabizwa ngokuba luvavanyo lwe-microalbuminuria kuba lulinganisa amanani amancinci ealbumin.

Umboneleli wakho uya kujonga uxinzelelo lwegazi. Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu lonakalisa izintso zakho, kwaye uxinzelelo lwegazi kunzima ukululawula xa unokonakala kwezintso.

I-biopsy yezintso inokuyalelwa ukuba iqinisekise isifo okanye ijonge ezinye izizathu zomonakalo wezintso.

Ukuba unesifo seswekile, umboneleli wakho uya kujonga izintso zakho ngokusebenzisa olu vavanyo lwegazi lulandelayo minyaka le:

• Igazi urea nitrogen (BUN)
• I-serum creatinine
• Ukubalwa kwenqanaba lokucoca glomerular (GFR)

Xa umonakalo wezintso ubanjwa kumanqanaba okuqala, unokucothiswa ngonyango. Nje ukuba izixa ezikhulu zeprotheyini zivele emchameni, ukonakala kwezintso kuya kusiba mandundu.

Landela iingcebiso zomboneleli wakho ukugcina imeko yakho ingabi mandundu.

LAWULA UXINZELELO LWEGAZI LAKHO

Ukugcina uxinzelelo lwegazi phantsi kolawulo (ngaphantsi kwe-140/90 mm Hg) yenye yeendlela ezilungileyo zokucutha ukonakala kwezintso.

• Umboneleli wakho uya kukuyalela amayeza oxinzelelo lwegazi ukukhusela izintso zakho kumonakalo ongaphezulu ukuba uvavanyo lwakho lwe-microalbumin luphezulu kakhulu kwimilinganiselo emibini.
• Ukuba uxinzelelo lwegazi kuluhlu oluqhelekileyo kwaye une-microalbuminuria, unokucelwa ukuba uthathe uxinzelelo lwegazi iziyobisi, kodwa le ngcebiso ngoku iyaphikisana.

LAWULA INQANABA LAKHO LESU LEGAZI

Unokuwucothisa umonakalo wezintso ngokulawula inqanaba leswekile yegazi lakho ngoku:

• Ukutya ukutya okusempilweni
• Ukwenza umthambo rhoqo
• Ukuthatha amayeza athethwa ngomlomo okanye ngenaliti njengoko kuyalelwe ngumboneleli wakho
• Amanye amayeza eswekile ayaziwa ukuthintela ukuqhubela phambili kwesifo seswekile ngokungafaniyo namanye amayeza. Thetha nomboneleli wakho malunga nokuba ngawaphi amayeza afanelekileyo kuwe.
  
• Ukujonga inqanaba leswekile yegazi rhoqo njengoko kuyalelwe kwaye ugcina irekhodi lamanani eswekile yegazi lakho ukuze wazi ukuba ukutya kunye nemisebenzi kuyichaphazela njani inqanaba lakho.

EZINYE IINDLELA ZOKUKHUSELA IINTO ZAKHO

• Idayi yokungafani edlalwa ngamanye amaxesha ngeMRI, CT scan, okanye olunye uvavanyo lokucinga inokubangela umonakalo omkhulu kwizintso zakho. Xelela umboneleli oyalela uvavanyo ukuba unesifo seswekile. Landela imiyalelo malunga nokusela amanzi amaninzi emva kwenkqubo yokukhupha idayi ngaphandle kwenkqubo yakho.
• Gwema ukuthatha iyeza leentlungu ze-NSAID, ezinje nge-ibuprofen okanye i-naproxen. Buza umboneleli wakho ukuba ngaba lukhona olunye uhlobo lwamayeza onokuthi uwathathe endaweni yawo. Ii-NSAID zingonakalisa izintso, ngakumbi xa uzisebenzisa yonke imihla.
• Umboneleli wakho unokufuna ukuyeka okanye ukutshintsha amanye amayeza anokulimaza izintso zakho.
• Yazi imiqondiso yosulelo lomchamo kwaye ubanyange kwangoko.
• Ukuba nenqanaba elisezantsi levithamini D kunokusenza mandundu isifo sezintso. Buza ugqirha wakho ukuba ufuna ukuthatha izongezo zevithamin D.

Izixhobo ezininzi zinokukunceda uqonde ngakumbi ngesifo seswekile. Unokufunda iindlela zokulawula isifo sakho sezintso.

Isifo sezintso seswekile sesona sizathu siphambili sokugula kunye nokufa kwabantu abanesifo seswekile. Ingakhokelela kwisidingo se-dialysis okanye ukufakelwa kwezintso.

Fowunela umboneleli wakho ukuba unesifo seswekile kwaye khange ube novavanyo lomchamo ukukhangela iproteni.

Nephropathy yeswekile; Nephropathy - seswekile; I-glomerulosclerosis yeswekile; Isifo seKimmelstiel-Wilson

• I-ACE inhibitors
• Uhlobo lwe-2 yeswekile- ukubuza ugqirha

• Inkqubo yomchamo wamadoda
• Ipancreas kunye nezintso
• I-nephropathy yeswekile

Umbutho weSwekile yaseMelika. 11. Ubunzima beMicrovascular kunye nokhathalelo lweenyawo: imigangatho yokhathalelo lonyango kwisifo seswekile-2020. Unonophelo lweSwekile. 2020; 43 (iSuppl 1): S135-S151. IINKCUKACHA: 31862754 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31862754/.

UBrownlee M, uAiello LP, uSun JK, et al. Iingxaki zesifo seswekile. Ku: UMelmed S, uAuchus, RJ, uGoldfine AB, uKoenig RJ, uRosen CJ, ii-eds. Incwadi kaWilliam ye-Endocrinology. Umhla we-14. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 37.

I-Tong LL, i-Adler S, i-Wanner C. Ukuthintela kunye nokunyanga isifo seswekile seswekile. Ku: Feehally J, Floege J, Tonelli M, Johnson RJ, ii-eds. I-Clinical Nephrology epheleleyo. Umhla wesi-6. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; I-2019: isahl. 31.