Umkhuhlane obonwe yiNtaba yeRocky

Umkhuhlane weRocky Mountain spotted fever (RMSF) sisifo esibangelwa luhlobo lweebhaktiriya ezithwalwa ngamakhalane.

I-RMSF ibangelwa yintsholongwaneRickettsia rickettsii (Rickettsii), Eqhutywa ngamakhalane. Iibhaktheriya zisasazeka ebantwini ngokulunywa ngamakhalane.

Kwintshona yeUnited States, iintsholongwane zithwalwa likhalane lomthi. EMpuma ye-US, bathwalwa yikhalane lenja. Amanye amakhalane asasaza usulelo kumazantsi e-US nakuMbindi nase Mzantsi Melika.

Ngokuchasene negama elithi "Rocky Mountain," iimeko ezininzi zamva nje ziye zaxelwa kwimpuma ye-US. Amazwe aquka iNyakatho kunye neSouth Carolina, iVirginia, iGeorgia, iTennessee ne-Oklahoma. Uninzi lweziganeko zenzeka entwasahlobo nasehlotyeni kwaye zifumaneka ebantwaneni.

Izinto ezinobungozi zibandakanya ukunyuka intaba kutshanje okanye ukubhencwa kwiikhalane kwindawo apho isifo saziwa khona. Iibhaktheriya akunakwenzeka ukuba zidluliselwe emntwini ngethiki eliqhotyoshelwe ixesha elingaphantsi kweeyure ezingama-20. Kuphela li-1 kumawaka e-1 000 eenkuni kunye neenja ezithwala intsholongwane Iintsholongwane zisenokosulela abantu abatyumza amakhalane abasuse kwizilwanyana zasekhaya ngeminwe yabo.

Iimpawu zihlala zikhula malunga neentsuku ezi-2 ukuya kwezi-14 emva kokulunywa ngamakhalane. Banokubandakanya:

• Ukugodola kunye nefiva
• Ukudideka
• Intloko ebuhlungu
• Intlungu yezihlunu
• Irhash - ihlala iqala kwiintsuku ezimbalwa emva komkhuhlane; Iqala ukubonakala ezihlahleni nasezinqeni njengamabala ayi-1 ukuya kwi-5 mm ubukhulu, emva koko isasazeka kuninzi lomzimba. Abanye abantu abanesifo abafumani rash.

Ezinye iimpawu ezinokuthi zenzeke kwesi sifo:

• Urhudo
• Ukuziva ukukhanya
• Ukuba nemibono
• Ukuphelelwa ngumdla wokutya
• Isicaphucaphu nokugabha
• Intlungu zesisu
• Unxaniwe

Umboneleli wezempilo uya kwenza uvavanyo lomzimba kwaye abuze malunga neempawu.

Uvavanyo olunokwenziwa lunokubandakanya:

• Isibhengezo se-Antibody ngokuzalisa ukulungiswa okanye i-immunofluorescence
• Gcwalisa ubalo lwegazi (CBC)
• Uvavanyo lwezintso
• Ixesha lecandelo le-thromboplastin (PTT)
• Ixesha leprothrombin (PT)
• Ulusu lwe-biopsy oluthathwe kwi-rash ukukhangela R rickettsii
• Urinalysis ukukhangela igazi okanye iprotheni kumchamo

Unyango lubandakanya ukususa ngenyameko amakhalane kulusu. Ukuphelisa usulelo, kufuneka kuthathwe ii-antibiotics ezinjenge-doxycycline okanye i-tetracycline. Abafazi abakhulelweyo bahlala bemiselwe i-chloramphenicol.

Unyango luhlala lunyanga usulelo. Malunga ne-3% yabantu abafumana esi sifo baya kufa.

Ukunganyangwa, usulelo lunokukhokelela kwiingxaki zempilo ezinje:

• Umonakalo wobuchopho
• Iingxaki zokuvala
• Ukumelwa yintliziyo
• Ukungaphumeleli kwezintso
• Ukungaphumeleli kwemiphunga
• Ukudumba kwenwebu yengqondo
• Pneumonitis (ukudumba kwemiphunga)
• Umothuko

Tsalela umnikezeli wakho umnxeba ukuba uvelisa iimpawu emva kokuvezwa ngamakhalane okanye ukulunywa likhalane. Iingxaki ze-RMSF ezinganyangekiyo zihlala zisongela ubomi.

Xa uhamba okanye unyuka intaba kwiindawo ezigcwele amakhalane, tuck ibhulukhwe ende kwiikawusi ukukhusela imilenze. Nxiba izihlangu neehempe ezinemikhono emide. Amakhalane aya kubonakala kwimibala emhlophe okanye emhlophe ngokungcono kunakwimibala emnyama, isenza ukuba kube lula ukubona nokususa.

Susa amakhalane ngoko nangoko ngokusebenzisa amaqokobhe, utsala ngononophelo kwaye uzinze. Ukugxotha izinambuzane kunokuba luncedo. Kuba ngaphantsi kwe-1% yamakhalane athwala olu suleleko, ii-antibiotics azihlali zinikwa emva kokulunywa ngamakhalane.

Umkhuhlane othathelweyo

• Intaba enamatye anentaba - izilonda ezingalweni
• Amakhalane
• Intaba enamatye anentaba engalweni
• Phawula ngaphakathi kulusu lwakho
• Intaba enamatye yabona umkhuhlane onyaweni
• Intaba enamatye anentaba e-Rocky - irhashalala
• Iintsholongwane
• Ixhama nenja zikhathaza

IBlanton LS, i-Walker DH. Rickettsia rickettsii kunye nelinye iqela elinomkhuhlane i-rickettsiae (iRocky Mountain ibonwa ngumkhuhlane nezinye izifo ezinobushushu). Ku: Bennett JE, Dolin R, Blaser MJ, ii-eds. Mandell, Douglas, kunye neBennett's Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases. Umhla we-9. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 186.

I-Bolgiano EB, Sexton J. Izigulo ezikhatshwa yimithambo. Ku: Iindonga RM, iHockberger RS, iGausche-Hill M, ii-eds. Unyango lukaRosen oluNgxamisekileyo: iikhonsepthi kunye nokuziqhelanisa neklinikhi. Umhla we-9. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; I-2018: isahluko 126.