Yintoni i-spina bifida kwaye yenziwa njani unyango

Umxholo

• Izizathu ezinokubangela
• Iindidi kunye neempawu zespina bifida
• 1. Imfihlelo yomqolo efihliweyo
• 2. ICystic spina bifida
• Unyango lwenziwa njani

I-Spina bifida ibonakaliswe ngohlobo lokuzalwa okungalunganga olukhula emntwaneni kwiiveki zokuqala ezi-4 zokukhulelwa, ezibonakaliswa kukusilela kuphuhliso lomqolo kunye nokuyilwa okungagqibelelanga kwethambo lomqolo kunye nolwakhiwo olukhuselayo.

Ngokubanzi, esi sifo senzeka esiphelweni somqolo, nanjengoko iyinxalenye yokugqibela yomqolo ukuvala, ukudala ukujikeleza komqolo wosana kwaye kunokunxulumana nokusilela koomama kwe-folic acid ekukhulelweni, umzekelo.

Ispina bifida sinokufihlwa, xa singabangeli ngxaki emntwaneni, okanye i-cystic, apho umntwana anokukhubazeka kwemilenze esezantsi okanye ukungabikho komchamo kunye nokungcola, umzekelo.

I-Spina bifida ayinyangeki, kodwa inokunyangwa ngoqhaqho ukubuyisela kwakhona kunye nokuvala isiphene emqolo, esingasoloko sisombulula iingxaki zesi sifo. I-Physiotherapy ye-spina bifida ikwaluncedo kunyango olubalulekileyo lokukhuthaza ukuzimela komntwana.

Izizathu ezinokubangela

Unobangela wespina bifida awukaziwa ngokupheleleyo, kodwa kukholelwa ukuba unxulumene nemeko yemfuza okanye ukusweleka kwe-folic acid, isifo seswekile yoomama, ukunqongophala kwe-zinc yoomama kunye nokusela utywala kwiinyanga ezintathu zokuqala zokukhulelwa.

Iindidi kunye neempawu zespina bifida

Iindidi zespina bifida zibandakanya:

1. Imfihlelo yomqolo efihliweyo

I-spina bifida efihliweyo ibonakaliswa kukuvalwa okungagqitywanga komqolo, kwaye akukho kubandakanyeka kwintambo yomqolo kunye nolwakhiwo olukhuselayo. Ingahamba ingabonakali kwaye ngokubanzi ayinayo ingxaki ye-neurological kwaye ixhaphake kakhulu kumazantsi omqolo, phakathi kwe-L5 kunye ne-S1 vertebrae, enobukho obungaqhelekanga beenwele kunye nebala kulo mmandla. Funda malunga ne-spina bifida efihliweyo;

2. ICystic spina bifida

I-cystic spina bifida ibonakaliswa kukuvalwa okungagqitywanga komqolo, ngokubandakanyeka kwethambo lomqolo kunye nolwakhiwo olukhuselayo, ngokuqengqeleka kumqolo wosana. Inokwahlulahlulwa ibe:

• Meningocele, lolona hlobo lukhanyayo lwesisu somqolo wesibeleko, kuba ukuphuma kumqolo wosana kubandakanya kuphela izinto ezikhusele intambo yomqolo, ishiya intambo yomqolo ngaphakathi kwe-vertebrae, njengesiqhelo. Ukuqhubela phambili kugutyungelwe lulusu kwaye kule meko umntwana akanangxaki yemithambo-luvo kuba ukuqhutywa kweempembelelo zemithambo-luvo kwenzeka ngesiqhelo;
• Myelomeningocele, Olona hlobo lubaluleke kakhulu lwe-cystic spina bifida, njengoko ukuphuma kumqolo wosana kuqulethe izakhiwo ezikhusela intambo yomqolo kunye nenxalenye yawo. Ukuqhubela phambili akugubungelwanga lulusu, luvulekile kwaye, kule meko, umntwana uneengxaki zemithambo-luvo kuba ukuhanjiswa kweentshukumisa zemithambo-luvo akwenzeki.

Ke, i-myelomeningocele inokubangela iingxaki ezinje ngokukhubazeka emilenzeni, utshintsho kwimvakalelo engezantsi kokwenzakala, iingxaki kwi-locomotion, ukungabikho komchamo kunye nelindle kunye neengxaki zokufunda.

Rhoqo, i-myelomeningocele inxulunyaniswa ne-hydrocephalus, eyonyuka kwi-cerebrospinal fluid kwingqondo.

Unyango lwenziwa njani

Unyango lwe-spina bifida luxhomekeke kuhlobo, kwaye i-spina bifida efihliweyo, kwiimeko ezininzi, ayifuni nyango. Kwimeko ye-cystic spina bifida, unyango luqulathe utyando ekufuneka lwenziwe kwiintsuku zokuqala zobomi bomntwana ukwazisa kwakhona zonke izakhiwo ngaphakathi komqolo kunye nokuvala isiphene kumqolo. Nangona kunjalo, olu tyando alusoloko lukwazi ukuthintela iingxaki ezithile zemithambo-luvo.

Kwi-myelomeningocele, kungekudala emva kokuzalwa de kwenziwe uqhaqho, umntwana kufuneka alale ngesisu sakhe ukuze isilonda esivulekileyo sigutyungelwe ngoxinizelelo olufakwe kwi-saline ukunqanda ukosuleleka.

Xa kukho i-spina bifida sacra ene-hydrocephalus, kwenziwa utyando ukukhupha ulwelo olugqithisileyo olusuka kwingqondo luye esiswini, ukuthintela okanye ukunciphisa iziphumo.

Ukongeza kutyando, unyango lomzimba lwe-cystic spina bifida lolona khetho lubaluleke kakhulu. Le nkqubo ijolise ekuncedeni umntwana ukuba azimele kangangoko, ukumnceda ukuba ahambe okanye asebenzise isitulo esinamavili, ukuthintela ukukhula kweekhontrakthi kunye nokukhubazeka kunye nokulawula izihlunu zesinyi kunye namathumbu.