Isifo esinganyangekiyo sokudumba okuchaphazela i-polyneuropathy

Isifo esinganyangekiyo sokudumba okuchaphazela i-polyneuropathy (CIDP) sisifo esibandakanya ukudumba kwemithambo-luvo kunye nokucaphuka (ukudumba) okukhokelela ekuphulukaneni namandla okanye imvakalelo.

I-CIDP sesinye sezizathu zokonakala kwemithambo-luvo engaphandle kwengqondo okanye yomqolo (peripheral neuropathy). I-Polyneuropathy ithetha ukuba kubandakanyeka iimbilini ezininzi. I-CIDP ihlala ichaphazela omabini amacala omzimba.

I-CIDP ibangelwa yimpendulo yomzimba engaqhelekanga. I-CIDP yenzeka xa amajoni omzimba ehlasela isiciko se-myelin semithambo-luvo. Ngesi sizathu, i-CIDP icingelwa ukuba isisifo esizimele.

Ababoneleli ngononophelo lwempilo bakwathathela ingqalelo i-CIDP njengefom engapheliyo yesifo se-Guillain-Barré.

Iziphumo ezithile ze-CIDP ziyahluka. Kwiimeko ezininzi, unobangela akanakuchongwa.

I-CIDP inokwenzeka nezinye iimeko, ezinje:

• I-hepatitis engapheliyo
• Seswekile
• Usulelo kunye nebhaktiriya I-Campylobacter jejuni
  
• Intsholongwane kaGawulayo / uGawulayo
• Ukuphazamiseka kwenkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela ngenxa yomhlaza
• Ukudumba kwesifo
• Inkqubo ye lupus erythematosus
• Umhlaza wenkqubo ye-lymph
• Ukugqithisa kwe-thyroid
• Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zamayeza ukunyanga umhlaza okanye i-HIV

Iimpawu zibandakanya nayiphi na kwezi zinto zilandelayo:

• Iingxaki zokuhamba ngenxa yobuthathaka okanye ukungabikho kwemvakalelo ezinyaweni
• Ingxaki yokusebenzisa iingalo nezandla okanye imilenze neenyawo ngenxa yobuthathaka
• Utshintsho lweemvakalelo, ezinje ngokuba ndindisholo okanye ukuncipha kovalo, iintlungu, ukutshisa, ukubetha, okanye ezinye iimvakalelo ezingaqhelekanga (zihlala zichaphazela iinyawo kuqala, emva koko iingalo nezandla)

Ezinye iimpawu ezinokuthi zenzeke nge-CIDP zibandakanya:

• Ukuhamba okungaqhelekanga okanye okungahambelaniyo
• Iingxaki zokuphefumla
• Ukudinwa
• Ukukrokra okanye ukutshintsha kwelizwi okanye intetho egudileyo

Umboneleli uya kwenza uvavanyo lomzimba kwaye abuze malunga neempawu, egxile kwinkqubo yeemvakalelo kunye nezihlunu.

Uvavanyo olunoku-odolwa lubandakanya:

• I-Electromyography (EMG) yokujonga izihlunu kunye neethambo ezilawula izihlunu
• Uvavanyo lokuqhutywa kwemithambo ukukhangela ukuba ngaba amandla ombane akhawuleza kangakanani na nge-nerve
• I-biopsy yamathambo ukususa iqhekeza elincinci le-nerve yoviwo
• Impompo yomqolo (i-lumbar puncture) ukujonga ulwelo olujikeleze ingqondo kunye nentambo yomqolo
• Uvavanyo lwegazi lunokwenziwa ukujonga iiproteni ezithile ezibangela uhlaselo lomzimba kwimithambo-luvo
• Uvavanyo lomsebenzi wemiphunga ukujonga ukuba ukuphefumla kuyachaphazeleka

Kuxhomekeke kwisizathu esikrokrelwa yi-CIDP, ezinye iimvavanyo, ezinje ngee-x-reyi, ii-imaging scans, kunye novavanyo lwegazi, zinokwenziwa.

Injongo yonyango kukubuyisela umva uhlaselo kwimithambo-luvo. Ngamanye amaxesha, imithambo-luvo inokuphilisa kwaye nomsebenzi wayo unokubuyiselwa. Ngamanye amaxesha, imithambo-luvo yonakele kakhulu kwaye ayinakuphola, ke unyango lujolise ekuthinteleni esi sifo ukuba singabi mbi.

Loluphi unyango olunikiweyo luxhomekeke ekubeni zinzima kangakanani iimpawu, phakathi kwezinye izinto. Olona nyango lukhohlakeleyo lunikwa kuphela xa unobunzima bokuhamba, ukuphefumla, okanye ukuba iimpawu azikuvumeli ukuba uzikhathalele okanye usebenze.

Unyango lunokubandakanya:

• Corticosteroids ukunceda ukunciphisa ukudumba kunye nokunciphisa iimpawu
• Amanye amayeza athintela amajoni omzimba (kwezinye iimeko ezinzima)
• I-Plasmapheresis okanye i-plasma exchange exchange antibodies egazini
• I-immune globulin (IVIg) efakwa ngaphakathi, ebandakanya ukongeza inani elikhulu lamajoni omzimba kwiplasma yegazi ukunciphisa isiphumo seentsholongwane ezibangela ingxaki

Iziphumo ziyahluka. Ukuphazamiseka kunokuqhubeka ixesha elide, okanye unokuphindaphinda iziqendu zeempawu. Ukubuyiswa okupheleleyo kunokwenzeka, kodwa ukulahleka ngokusisigxina komsebenzi we-nerve akuqhelekanga.

Iingxaki ze-CIDP zibandakanya:

• Intlungu
• Ukuhla ngokusisigxina okanye ukulahleka kwemvakalelo kwiindawo zomzimba
• Ubuthathaka obungapheliyo okanye ukukhubazeka kwiindawo zomzimba
• Ukulimala okuphindaphindiweyo okanye okungabonakaliyo kwindawo yomzimba
• Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zamayeza asetyenziselwa ukunyanga esi sifo

Biza umnikezeli wakho ukuba ulahlekelwe yintshukumo okanye uvakalelo kuyo nayiphi na indawo emzimbeni, ngakumbi ukuba iimpawu zakho ziya zisiba mbi.

Isifo esinganyangekiyo sokudumba ukudumba ipyryradiculoneuropathy; Polyneuropathy - ukudumba okungapheliyo; I-CIDP; I-polyneuropathy engapheliyo; UGuillain-Barre-CIDP

• Inkqubo ye-nervous central kunye ne-peripheral system

Katirji B.Ukuphazamiseka kwemithambo yoluvo. Ku: Daroff RB, Jankovic J, Mazziotta JC, Pomeroy SL, ii-eds. I-Neurology kaBradley kwiKlinikhi yokuziqhelanisa. Umhla wesi-7. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; Ngo-2016: isahluko 107.

USmith G, uneentloni MNA. Imida ye-neuropathies. Ku: IGoldman L, iSchafer AI, ii-eds. Amayeza eGoldman-Cecil. Ngomhla wama-26. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 392.