I-Cerebral arteriovenous malformation

I-cerebral arteriovenous malformation (AVM) unxibelelwano olungaqhelekanga phakathi kwemithambo kunye nemithambo kwingqondo edla ngokwakha ngaphambi kokuzalwa.

Unobangela we-AVM yobuchopho awaziwa. I-AVM yenzeka xa imithambo ebuchotsheni ixhuma ngokuthe ngqo kwimithambo ekufuphi ngaphandle kokuba neenqanawa ezincinci eziqhelekileyo (ii-capillaries) phakathi kwazo.

Ii-AVM ziyahluka ngokobukhulu kunye nendawo kwingqondo.

Ukuqhekeka kwe-AVM kwenzeka ngenxa yoxinzelelo kunye nomonakalo kwisitya segazi. Oku kuvumela igazi ukuba livuzise (ukopha) kwingqondo okanye kwizicubu ezijikelezileyo kwaye kunciphise ukuhamba kwegazi ukuya kwingqondo.

Ii-AVM zeCerebral zinqabile. Nangona imeko ikhoyo ekuzalweni, iimpawu zinokwenzeka nakweyiphi na iminyaka. Ukuqhekeka kwenzeka rhoqo kubantu abaneminyaka eli-15 ukuya kweli-20. Inokwenzeka nasemva kobomi. Abanye abantu abane-AVM banayo i-aneurysms yengqondo.

Malunga nesiqingatha esinye sabantu abanee-AVM, iimpawu zokuqala zezo zestroke esibangelwa kukopha kwingqondo.

Iimpawu ze-AVM eyophayo zezi:

• Ukudideka
• Ingxolo yendlebe / ukubhuza (okwabizwa ngokuba yi-pulsatile tinnitus)
• Intloko kwelinye okanye ngaphezulu kwentloko, kunokubonakala ngathi yimigraine
• Iingxaki zokuhamba
• Ukuxhuzula

Iimpawu ngenxa yoxinzelelo kwindawo enye yengqondo zibandakanya:

• Iingxaki zombono
• Ukuba nesiyezi
• Ubuthathaka bemisipha kwindawo yomzimba okanye yobuso
• Ubungqindilili kwindawo yomzimba

Umboneleli wakho wezempilo uya kwenza uvavanyo lomzimba. Uya kubuzwa malunga neempawu zakho, kugxilwe kwinkqubo yeengxaki zemithambo-luvo. Uvavanyo olunokusetyenziselwa ukufumanisa i-AVM lubandakanya:

• I-angiogram yobuchopho
• Ikhompyuter ye-tomography (CT) ye-angiogram
• Intloko ye-MRI
• I-Electroencephalogram (i-EEG)
• Ukuskena iNtloko ye-CT
• Imagnetic resonance angiography (MRA)

Ukufumana olona nyango lwe-AVM olufunyanwa kuvavanyo lwe-imaging, kodwa kungabangeli zimpawu, kunokuba nzima. Umboneleli wakho uya kuxoxa nawe:

• Umngcipheko wokuba i-AVM yakho iya kuvuleka (uqhekeko). Ukuba oku kuyenzeka, kunokubakho umonakalo ongapheliyo wengqondo.
• Umngcipheko wawo nawuphi na umonakalo wengqondo ukuba unayo enye yotyando oludweliswe ngezantsi.

Umboneleli wakho unokuxoxa ngezinto ezahlukeneyo ezinokunyusa umngcipheko wokopha, kubandakanya:

• Ukukhulelwa kwangoku okanye okucwangcisiweyo
• Ijongeka kanjani i-AVM kuvavanyo lokucinga
• Ubungakanani be-AVM
• Iminyaka yakho
• Iimpawu zakho

I-AVM yokopha ingxamisekileyo kwezonyango. Injongo yonyango kukuthintela ezinye iingxaki ngokulawula ukopha kunye nokuhlutha kwaye, ukuba kunokwenzeka, kususwe i-AVM.

Zintathu iindlela zonyango ezikhoyo. Olunye unyango lusetyenziswa kunye.

Utyando lwengqondo oluvulekileyo lususa unxibelelwano olungaqhelekanga. Olu tyando lwenziwa ngokuvula okwenziwe kwikakayi.

Ukudibanisa (unyango lwe-endovascular)

• I-catheter ikhokelwa kukunqunyulwa okuncinci kwimiphunga yakho. Ingena emithanjeni ize iye kungena kwimithambo yegazi encinci kwingqondo yakho apho ikhoyo i-aneurysm.
• Into efana neglu ifakwa kwiinqanawa ezingaqhelekanga. Oku kumisa ukuhamba kwegazi kwi-AVM kwaye kunciphisa umngcipheko wokopha. Oku kunokuba lukhetho lokuqala kwezinye iintlobo zee-AVM, okanye ukuba ngaba utyando alunakwenziwa.

Iiradiosurgery yestereotactic:

• Imitha ejolise ngqo kwindawo ye-AVM. Oku kubangela ukunqanqatheka kunye nokuncipha kwe-AVM kunye nokunciphisa umngcipheko wokopha.
• Iluncedo ngakumbi kwii-AVM ezincinci ezinzulwini zobuchopho ekunzima ukuzisusa ngotyando.

Amayeza okuphelisa ukuxhuzula amiselwe ukuba ayimfuneko.

Abanye abantu, abanophawu lokuqala ukopha kakhulu kwingqondo, baya kufa.Abanye banokubanjwa ngokusisigxina kunye neengxaki zengqondo kunye neenkqubo zovalo. Ii-AVM ezingabangeli zimpawu ngelixa abantu befikelela kwi-40s okanye i-50s yabo yokuqala kunokwenzeka ukuba bahlale bezinzile, kwaye kwiimeko ezinqabileyo, zibangela iimpawu.

Iingxaki zinokubandakanya:

• Umonakalo wobuchopho
• Ukuphuma kwegazi ngaphakathi
• Ubunzima bolwimi
• Ukuba ndindisholo kwalo naliphi na ilungu lobuso okanye lomzimba
• Intloko eqhubekayo
• Ukuxhuzula
• Ukopha kwegazi kwangaphantsi kwentsholongwane
• Umbono utshintsha
• Amanzi kwingqondo (i-hydrocephalus)
• Ubuthathaka kwinxalenye yomzimba

Iingxaki ezinokubakho zotyando lobuchopho oluvulekileyo zibandakanya:

• Ukudumba kobuchopho
• Ukopha
• Ukuhlutha
• Ukubetha

Yiya kwigumbi likaxakeka okanye fowunela inombolo yongxamiseko yendawo (enje nge-911) ukuba unayo:

• Ubudenge kumalungu omzimba
• Ukuxhuzula
• Intloko ebuhlungu
• Ukuhlanza
• Ubuthathaka
• Ezinye iimpawu zeAVM eqhekekileyo

Kwakhona funa uncedo lwezonyango kwangoko ukuba unokubanjwa okokuqala, kuba i-AVM inokuba ngunobangela wokubanjwa.

I-AVM - ubuchopho; Iarteriovenous hemangioma; Ukubetha - AVM; Isifo esophayo - i-AVM

• Utyando lobuchopho-ukukhutshwa
• Intloko-yintoni ekufuneka ubuze ugqirha wakho
• I-radiosurgery yestereotactic-ukukhutshwa

• Imithambo yengqondo

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