I-Anaphylaxis

I-Anaphylaxis luhlobo olusongela ubomi lwempendulo engafunekiyo.

I-Anaphylaxis sisimo esibi, somzimba wonke esisabela kumachiza asele ekhulile. I-allergen yinto enokubangela ukungabikho komzimba.

Emva kokuvezwa kwinto efana ne-bee sting venom, amajoni omzimba omntu ayakhuthazeka kuwo. Xa umntu ephinde wabhencwa kuloo allergen kwakhona, kuyenzeka ukuba uxabane naye. I-Anaphylaxis yenzeka ngokukhawuleza emva kokuvezwa. Imeko inzima kwaye ibandakanya umzimba uphela.

Izicubu kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zomzimba zikhupha i-histamine kunye nezinye izinto. Oku kubangela ukuba iindlela zomoya ziqinise kwaye zikhokelele kwezinye iimpawu.

Ezinye iziyobisi (i-morphine, i-ray ye-x-ray, i-aspirin, kunye nezinye) zingabangela ukuphendulwa kwe-anaphylactic-like reaction (anaphylactoid reaction) xa abantu beqala ukubonakaliswa kubo. Ezi mpendulo azifani nempendulo yamajoni omzimba eyenzeka nge-anaphylaxis yokwenyani. Kodwa, iimpawu, umngcipheko weengxaki, kunye nonyango ziyafana kuzo zombini iintlobo zokuphendula.

I-Anaphylaxis inokwenzeka ngokuphendula nakweyiphi na i-allergen. Izizathu eziqhelekileyo zibandakanya:

• Ukwahlukana neziyobisi
• Ukutya kokutya
• Ukulunywa / izinambuzane kwezinambuzane

Umungu kunye nezinye izinto ezibangelwa kukunganyangeki emzimbeni azifane zibangele i-anaphylaxis. Abanye abantu bane-anaphylactic reaction ngaphandle kwesizathu esaziwayo.

I-Anaphylaxis isongela ubomi kwaye inokwenzeka nangaliphi na ixesha. Iingozi zibandakanya imbali yalo naluphi na uhlobo lokungaziphathi kakuhle.

Iimpawu zikhula ngokukhawuleza, rhoqo kwimizuzwana okanye imizuzu. Banokubandakanya nayiphi na kwezi zilandelayo:

• Intlungu zesisu
• Ndiziva ndixhalabile
• Ukungonwabi kwesifuba okanye ukuqina
• Urhudo
• Ubunzima bokuphefumla, ukukhohlela, ukuvutha, okanye izandi zokuphefumla eziphezulu
• Kunzima ukugwinya
• Utywala okanye intloko
• Imihlathi, ukurhawuzelela, nokuba bomvu kolusu
• Ukuxinana kwempumlo
• Isihlunu okanye ukugabha
• Iipalpitations
• Intetho egudileyo
• Ukudumba kobuso, amehlo, okanye ulwimi
• Ukungabikho zingqondweni

Umboneleli wokhathalelo lwempilo uyakumvavanya lo mntu abuze malunga nento enokuba ibangelwe yile meko.

Uvavanyo lwe-allergen ebangele i-anaphylaxis (ukuba unobangela awucacanga) unokwenziwa emva konyango.

I-Anaphylaxis yimeko engxamisekileyo efuna unyango kwangoko. Tsalela u-911 okanye inombolo yongxamiseko yendawo ngokukhawuleza.

Jonga indlela yomoya yomntu, ukuphefumla, kunye nokusasazeka, ezaziwa njengeeABC zeNkxaso yoBomi esiSiseko. Uphawu lwesilumkiso sokudumba komqala okuyingozi lilizwi elirhwexayo okanye elisebezayo, okanye izandi ezirhabaxa xa umntu ephefumla emoyeni. Ukuba kukho imfuneko, qala ngokuhlangula ukuphefumla kunye neCPR.

1. Tsalela u-911 okanye inombolo yongxamiseko yendawo.
2. Zolile uze umqinisekise loo mntu.
3. Ukuba impendulo eyaliwa kukuvela kulwamvila lwenyosi, krwala ulusu oluhlaba ulusu ngento eqinileyo (enje ngomnwe okanye ngeplastikhi yekhadi letyala). Sukusebenzisa ii-tweezers. Ukucwina istinger kuya kukhupha ubuthi ngakumbi.
4. Ukuba umntu uneyeza lokungazinzi komzimba elisesandleni, mncede alithathe okanye alitofe. Musa ukumnika iyeza ngomlomo xa kunzima ukuphefumla.
5. Thatha amanyathelo okuthintela ukothuka. Menze umntu alale ethe nkqo, uphakamise iinyawo zomntu malunga nee-intshi ezili-12 (iisentimitha ezingama-30), umgqume umntu ngengubo okanye ngengubo. Musa ukubeka umntu kule ndawo ukuba kukrokrelwa ukuba unentloko, intamo, umqolo, okanye ukonzakala emlenzeni, okanye ukuba kubangela ukungonwabi.

SUKU:

• Sukucinga ukuba nakuphi na ukungabikho komzimba umntu sele ekufumene kuya kukhusela ngokupheleleyo.
• Musa ukubeka umqamelo phantsi kwentloko yomntu ukuba unengxaki yokuphefumla. Oku kungavala iindlela zomoya.
• Musa ukumnika nantoni na umntu ngomlomo ukuba unengxaki yokuphefumla.

Iiparamedics okanye abanye ababoneleli banokubeka ityhubhu ngempumlo okanye emlonyeni kwiindlela zomoya. Okanye utyando olungxamisekileyo luya kwenziwa ukubeka ityhubhu ngqo kwi-trachea.

Umntu unokufumana amayeza okuqhubela phambili ukunciphisa iimpawu.

I-Anaphylaxis inokusongela ubomi ngaphandle konyango olukhawulezileyo. Iimpawu zihlala ziba bhetele ngonyango olufanelekileyo, ke kubalulekile ukuba wenze kwangoko.

Ngaphandle konyango olukhawulezileyo, i-anaphylaxis inokubangela:

• Indlela yomoya evaliweyo
• Ukubanjwa kwentliziyo (akukho ntliziyo isebenzayo)
• Ukubanjwa ngokuphefumla (akukho kuphefumla)
• Umothuko

Tsalela u-911 okanye inombolo yongxamiseko yendawo ukuba wena okanye umntu omaziyo uvelisa iimpawu ezinzima ze-anaphylaxis. Okanye, yiya kwigumbi lezongxamiseko elikufutshane.

Ukuthintela ukuphikiswa komzimba kunye ne-anaphylaxis:

• Gwema izinto ezinokubangela njengokutya kunye namayeza abangele ukuba abantu bangadibani nezinto ezithile ngaphambili. Buza imibuzo eneenkcukacha malunga nezithako xa usitya kude nekhaya. Phinda ujonge ngononophelo iilebhile zezithako.
• Ukuba unomntwana ongadliyo kukutya okuthile, yazisa ngokutya okutsha okwesixa esincinci ukuze ukwazi ukubona ukungalungelani.
• Abantu abaziyo ukuba banengxaki yokuphendula ngokuthe chatha kufuneka banxibe ithegi yesazisi.
• Ukuba unembali yokungaziphathi kakuhle, phatha amayeza kaxakeka (njenge-antihistamine ehlafunwayo kunye ne-epinephrine ejojoweyo okanye ikiti yokugaya inyosi) ngokwemiyalelo yomboneleli wakho.
• Sukuyisebenzisa i-epinephrine yakho ejojowe kuye nakubani na. Banokuba nemeko (enjengengxaki yentliziyo) enokuba mandundu yile nkunkuma.

Impendulo ye-Anaphylactic; Ukothuka Anaphylactic; Umothuko - i-anaphylactic; Ukunyanga komzimba - i-anaphylaxis

• Umothuko
• Ukunyanga komzimba
• I-Anaphylaxis
• Imihlathi
• Ukutya kokutya
• Ukulunywa zizinambuzane kunye nokwaliwa
• Ukunyanga komzimba kunyango
• Iintsholongwane

IBarkdale AN, uMuelleman RL. Allergy, hypersensitivity, kunye ne-anaphylaxis. Ku: Iindonga RM, iHockberger RS, iGausche-Hill M, ii-eds. Unyango lukaRosen oluNgxamisekileyo: iikhonsepthi kunye nokuziqhelanisa neklinikhi. Umhla we-9. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2018: isahluko 109.

UDreskin SC, uStitt JM. I-Anaphylaxis. Ku: IBurks AW, iHolgate ST, u-O'Hehir RE, et al, ii-eds. I-Middleton's Allergy: Imigaqo kunye nokuziqhelanisa. Umhla we-9. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 75.

UShaker MS, iWallace DV, iGolide DBK, et al. I-Anaphylaxis-i-2020 yokuziqhelanisa nohlaziyo lweparameter, uphononongo lwenkqubo, kunye nokuHlelwa kweeNgcebiso, uVavanyo, uPhuhliso kunye noVavanyo (GRADE). J Iklinikhi yokunyanga i-Immunol. Ngo-2020; 145 (4): 1082-1123. IINKCUKACHA: 32001253 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32001253/.

ISchwartz LB. Inkqubo ye-anaphylaxis, ukutya okwaliwa kukutya, kunye nokuqaqamba kwezinambuzane. Ku: IGoldman L, iSchafer AI, ii-eds. Amayeza eGoldman-Cecil. Ngomhla wama-26. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahl 238.