Iimfazwe zangasese

Iintsumpa zangasese kukukhula okuthambileyo kulusu kunye neembumba zangasese. Banokufumaneka kwilungu lobudoda, kwilungu lobufazi, kwi-urethra, kwilungu lobufazi, kumlomo wesibeleko, nakwindawo ejikelezayo nakwi-anus.

Iimfazwe zangasese zisasazeka ngokudibana ngokwesondo.

Intsholongwane ebangela iintsumpa kumalungu esini ibizwa ngokuba yi-human papillomavirus (HPV). Usulelo lwe-HPV lolona suleleko luxhaphakileyo ngokwesondo (STI). Kukho iintlobo ezingaphezu kwe-180 ze-HPV. Zininzi azibangeli ngxaki. Ezinye zibangela iintsumpa kwamanye amalungu omzimba hayi kwilungu langasese. Iindidi ze-6 kunye ne-11 zixhaphake kakhulu kwiintsumpa zangasese.

Ezinye iintlobo ze-HPV zinokukhokelela kutshintsho olusebenzayo kumlomo wesibeleko, okanye kumhlaza womlomo wesibeleko. Ezi zibizwa ngokuba ziindidi ezinobungozi obuphezulu be-HPV. Banokukhokelela kumhlaza welungu lobufazi okanye lomhlaza wobufazi, umhlaza wangasemva, kunye nomhlaza womqala okanye womlomo.

Iinyani ezibalulekileyo malunga ne-HPV:

• Usulelo lwe-HPV lusasazeka lusuka komnye umntu luye komnye ngokudibana ngokwesondo kubandakanya i-anus, umlomo, okanye ubufazi. Intsholongwane ingasasazeka, nokuba awuyiboni i-warts.
• Awunakho ukubona iintsumpa iiveki ezi-6 ukuya kwiinyanga ezi-6 emva kokosulelwa. Usenokungaziqapheli iminyaka.
• Ayinguye wonke umntu odibene ne-HPV virus kunye neemfazwe zangasese eziza kuziphuhlisa.

Kungenzeka ukuba ufumane iintsumpa zangasese kwaye uzisasaze ngokukhawuleza ukuba:

• Yiba namaqabane amaninzi owabelana nawo ngesondo
• Babelana ngesondo besebancinci
• Sebenzisa icuba okanye utywala
• Unesifo sentsholongwane, njenge-herpes, kwaye uxinzelelo ngexesha elinye
• Ukhulelwe
• Unamajoni omzimba abuthathaka ngenxa yemeko enjengesifo seswekile, ukukhulelwa, i-HIV / AIDS, okanye amayeza

Ukuba umntwana uneentsumpa kwilungu lobufazi, ukuxhatshazwa ngokwesondo kufuneka kurhanelwe njengesizathu esinokubakho.

Iintsumpa zangasese zinokuba zincinci kakhulu, awunako ukuzibona.

Iimfazwe zinokubonakala ngathi:

• Amabala anemibala enyama aphakanyisiweyo okanye asicaba
• Ukukhula okubonakala ngathi kumphezulu wekholifulawa

Kwababhinqileyo, iimfazwe zangasese ziyafumaneka:

• Ngaphakathi kwilungu lobufazi okanye umva
• Ngaphandle kwelungu lobufazi okanye le-anus, okanye kulusu olukufuphi
• Kumlomo wesibeleko ngaphakathi emzimbeni

Kwamadoda, iintsumpa zangasese ziyafumaneka kwezi zinto zilandelayo:

• Umthondo
• Isikram
• Indawo yengqolowa
• Amathanga
• Ngaphakathi okanye ngeenxa zonke kwi-anus

Iimfazwe zesisu zinokubakho kwi:

• Imilebe
• Umlomo
• Ulwimi
• Umqala

Ezinye iimpawu zinqabile, kodwa zinokubandakanya:

• Ukunyuka kobumanzi kwindawo yesini kufutshane neentsumpa
• Ukonyuka kokukhutshwa kwilungu lobufazi
• Ukurhawuzelela amalungu esini
• Ukopha kwilungu lobufazi ngexesha okanye emva kwesondo

Umboneleli wezempilo uya kwenza uvavanyo lomzimba. Kwabasetyhini, oku kubandakanya uviwo lwe-pelvic.

Inkqubo yeofisi ebizwa ngokuba yi-colposcopy isetyenziselwa ukubona iintsumpa ezingabonakaliyo ngeliso lenyama. Isebenzisa ukukhanya kunye nemicroscope yamandla asezantsi ukunceda umboneleli wakho afumane kwaye emva koko athathe iisampulu (i-biopsy) yeendawo ezingaqhelekanga kwisibeleko sakho. IColposcopy ihlala yenziwa ukuphendula kwiPap smear engaqhelekanga.

Intsholongwane ebangela iintsumpa kumalungu angasese inokubangela iziphumo ezingaqhelekanga kwi-Pap smear. Ukuba unolu hlobo lotshintsho, unokufuna i-Pap smears rhoqo okanye icolposcopy.

Uvavanyo lwe-HPV DNA lunokuxelela ukuba ngaba unohlobo lomngcipheko ophezulu we-HPV owaziwayo ukuba ubangela umhlaza womlomo wesibeleko. Olu vavanyo lunokwenziwa:

• Ukuba uneentsumpa zangasese
• Njengokuvavanywa kovavanyo lwabasetyhini abangaphezulu kweminyaka engama-30
• Kwabafazi bayo nayiphi na iminyaka abaneziphumo zovavanyo lwePap ezingaqhelekanga

Qiniseka ukuba uhlolwe umhlaza womlomo wesibeleko, ubufazi, ubukrelekrele, okanye umhlaza xa ufumene ukuba uneentsumpa.

Iimfazwe zesisu kufuneka ziphathwe ngugqirha. Sukusebenzisa amayeza angaphaya kwekhawuntari enzelwe ezinye iintlobo zeentsumpa.

Unyango lunokubandakanya:

• Amayeza asetyenziswe kwiintsumpa zangasese okanye afakwe ngugqirha wakho
• Iyeza olisebenzisa ekhaya izihlandlo ezininzi ngeveki

Iimfazwe zingasuswa kunye neenkqubo ezincinci, kubandakanywa:

• Ukuqhaqhazela (i-cryosurgery)
• Ukutshisa (i-electrocauterization)
• Unyango lweLaser
• Ugqirha

Ukuba uneentsumpa zokuzala, onke amaqabane akho owabelana nawo ngesondo kufuneka ahlolwe ngumboneleli kwaye anyangwe ukuba kufunyenwe iintsumpa. Nokuba awunampawu, kufuneka uphathwe. Oku kukhusela iingxaki kunye nokuphepha ukusasaza le meko kwabanye.

Uya kudinga ukubuyela kumboneleli wakho emva konyango ukuze uqiniseke ukuba zonke iintsumpa zihambile.

Kucetyiswa ii-Pap smear rhoqo ukuba ulibhinqa elineentsumpa, okanye ukuba iqabane lakho linazo. Ukuba uneentsumpa kumlomo wakho wesibeleko, kungafuneka wenze iPap smear qho kwiinyanga ezi-3 ukuya kwezi-6 emva konyango lokuqala.

Abasetyhini abanotshintsho olunokubangelwa sisifo se-HPV banokufuna olunye unyango.

Uninzi lwabasetyhini abasebatsha ngokwesondo bosulelwa yi-HPV. Kwiimeko ezininzi, i-HPV ihamba yodwa.

Uninzi lwamadoda osulelwa yi-HPV akaze abe nazimpawu okanye iingxaki kusulelo. Nangona kunjalo, banokuyidlulisela kumaqabane akho ngokwesini kwaye ngamanye amaxesha. Amadoda asemngciphekweni omkhulu wokuba nomhlaza kwilungu lobudoda nasemqaleni ukuba anembali yosulelo lwe-HPV.

Kwanasemva kokuba unyangwe ngenxa yeentsumpa zesini, usenokosulela abanye.

Ezinye iintlobo ze-HPV zinokubangela umhlaza womlomo wesibeleko kunye ne-vulva. Ngoyena nobangela uphambili womhlaza womlomo wesibeleko.

Iimfazwe zangasese zinokuba zininzi kwaye zikhulu kakhulu. Oku kuya kufuna olunye unyango.

Fowunela umnikezeli wakho ukuba:

• Iqabane langoku okanye elidlulileyo lezesondo lineemfazwe zangasese.
• Unentsumpa ebonakalayo kwilungu lakho langasese langaphandle, ukurhawuzelela, ukukhupha, okanye ukopha okungaqhelekanga kwilungu lobufazi. Gcina ukhumbula ukuba iintsumpa zangasese azinakubonakala kangangeenyanga ukuya kwiminyaka emva kokudibana nomntu owosulelekileyo.
• Ucinga ukuba umntwana omncinci unokuba neemfazwe zokuzala.

Abasetyhini kufuneka baqale ukwenza i-Pap smears kwiminyaka eyi-21.

I-HPV inokudluliselwa isuka komnye umntu iye emntwini nokuba azikho iintsumpa ezibonakalayo okanye ezinye iimpawu. Ukuziqhelanisa nokwabelana ngesondo okukhuselekileyo kunokunceda ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokufumana i-HPV kunye nomhlaza womlomo wesibeleko:

• Soloko usebenzisa iikhondom zamadoda nabasetyhini. Kodwa yazi ukuba iikhondom azinakukhusela ngokupheleleyo. Kungenxa yokuba intsholongwane okanye iintsumpa nazo zisenokuba kwisikhumba esikufutshane.
• Yiba neqabane elinye kuphela owaziyo ukuba alinasulelo.
• Nciphisa inani lamaqabane akho owabelana nawo ngesondo onalo ixesha elingaphezulu.
• Kulumkele amaqabane athabatha inxaxheba kwizenzo zesondo ezisemngciphekweni omkhulu.

Iyeza lokugonya le-HPV liyafumaneka:

• Ikhusela kwiintlobo ze-HPV ezibangela uninzi lomhlaza we-HPV kwabasetyhini nakumadoda. Amayeza okugonya AKAYIPHATHI intsumpa yelungu lobufazi, ayaluthintela usulelo.
• Isitofu sokugonya singanikwa amakhwenkwe kunye namantombazana aneminyaka eli-9 ukuya kweli-12 ubudala. Ukuba iyeza lokugonya linikezwe kule minyaka, luthotho lwezihlandlo ezibini.
• Ukuba iyeza lokugonya linikwa kwiminyaka eli-15 okanye ngaphezulu, luluhlu lwemipu emithathu.

Buza umboneleli wakho ukuba ingaba isitofu sokugonya se-HPV sikulungele wena okanye umntwana.

I-Condylomata acuminata; Iintsumpa zePenile; I-papillomavirus yabantu (HPV); Iintsumpa venereal; I-Condyloma; Uvavanyo lwe-HPV DNA; Izifo ezosulela ngokwabelana ngesondo (STD) - iintsumpa; Ukosulelana ngesondo (STI) - iintsumpa; I-LSIL-HPV; I-dysplasia-HPV ekumgangatho ophantsi; I-HSIL-HPV; Inqanaba eliphezulu le-dysplasia HPV; I-HPV; Umhlaza womlomo wesibeleko - iintsumpa kumalungu esini sangasese

• I-anatomy yokuzala yabasetyhini

Iintsholongwane zikaBonnez W. Papilloma. Ku: Bennett JE, Dolin R, Blaser MJ, ii-eds. UMandell, uDouglas, kunye neMigaqo yeBennett kunye nokuSebenza kwezifo ezosulelayo, uHlelo oluHlaziyiweyo. Ngomhla we-8. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2015: isahluko 146.

Amaziko oLawulo lweNtsholongwane kunye noThintelo lwewebhusayithi. I-papillomavirus yabantu (HPV). www.cdc.gov/std/hpv/default.htm. Ukuhlaziywa kwe-6 ka-Okthobha ka-2017. Kufikeleleke ngoNovemba 20, 2018.

I-Kirnbauer R, i-Lenz P.Iintsholongwane zepilloma. Ku: I-Bolognia JL, uSchaffer JV, uCerroni L, ii-eds. Dermatology. Ngomhla we-4. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; I-2018: isahluko 79.