Umhlaza webele

Nje ukuba iqela lakho lokhathalelo lwempilo lazi ukuba unomdlavuza webele, baya kwenza iimvavanyo ezininzi ukuliqala. Ukulinganisa sisixhobo esisetyenziswa liqela ukufumanisa ukuba umhlaza uqhubele phambili kangakanani. Inqanaba lomhlaza lixhomekeke kubukhulu kunye nendawo yethumba, nokuba sele lisasazekile, kwaye umhlaza usasazeke kangakanani.

Iqela lakho lokhathalelo lwempilo lisebenzisa isiteji ukunceda:

• Gqiba olona nyango lulungileyo
• Yazi ukuba loluphi uhlobo lokulandelela oluza kufuneka
• Chonga ithuba lakho lokuchacha (isifo sephepha)
• Fumana uvavanyo lwezonyango onokuthi ujoyine

Zimbini iintlobo zokubeka umhlaza webele.

Inqanaba lezonyango isekelwe kwiimvavanyo ezenziwe ngaphambi kotyando. Oku kunokubandakanya:

• Uvavanyo lomzimba
• Isisombululo
• I-MRI yebele
• Isifuba se-Ultrasound
• I-Biopsy yebele, nokuba yi-ultrasound okanye stereotactic
• I-x-ray yesifuba
• Ukuskena i-CT
• Ukuskena amathambo
• Ukuskena iPET

Inqanaba lesifo isebenzisa iziphumo ezivela kuvavanyo lwelebhu olwenziwe kwinyama yamabele kunye ne-lymph node ezisuswe ngexesha lotyando. Olu hlobo lwesiteji luya kunceda ekufumaneni unyango olongezelelweyo kwaye luncede ukuqikelela ukuba ungalindela ntoni emva kokuphela konyango.

Amanqanaba omhlaza webele achazwa yinkqubo ebizwa ngokuba yi-TNM:

• T umele ithumba. Ichaza ubungakanani kunye nendawo yethumba eliphambili.
• N umeleithumba. Ichaza ukuba umhlaza unwenwele kwiindawo. Ikwaxela nokuba zingaphi iindawo ezineeseli zomhlaza.
• Ndimeleimastastasis. Ixela ukuba umhlaza unwenwele kwiindawo zomzimba kude nebele.

Oogqirha basebenzisa amanqanaba asixhenxe aphambili ukuchaza umhlaza wamabele.

• Inqanaba 0, ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-carcinoma in situ. Lo ngumhlaza ogcinwe kwi-lobules okanye imibhobho ebeleni. Ayinwenwanga kwizicwili ezingqongileyo. I-Lobules ziinxalenye zesifuba ezivelisa ubisi. Imibhobho ithwala ubisi luye kwingono. Umhlaza weSigaba se-0 ubizwa ngokuba yi-noninvasive. Oku kuthetha ukuba ayisasazekanga. Amanye amanqanaba omhlaza angama-0 ahlaselwa kamva. Kodwa oogqirha abanakuxela ukuba yeyiphi eya kuthi kwaye yeyiphi engayi kuyenza.
• Inqanaba I. I-tumor yincinci (okanye inokuba yincinci kakhulu ukuba ingayiboni) kwaye ingenayo. Inokuthi okanye ingasasazeki kwii-lymph node kufutshane nebele.
• Inqanaba II. Isenokungabikho isimila esifunyenwe esifubeni, kodwa kungafunyanwa umhlaza osasazeke kwii-axillary lymph node okanye kwiindawo ezikufutshane nesifuba. Iindawo zeAxillary ziindawo ezifumaneka kwitsheyini ukusuka phantsi kwengalo ukuya ngaphezulu kwekhola. Kukho ukubakho kwethumba phakathi kweesentimitha ezi-2 ukuya kwezi-5 esifubeni kunye nomhlaza omncinci kwezinye zee-lymph node. Okanye, ithumba linokuba likhulu kuneesentimitha ezi-5 ngaphandle komhlaza kwiindawo.
• Inqanaba IIIA. Umhlaza uye wanwenwela kwiindawo ezi-4 ukuya kwezi-9 ze-axillary node okanye kwiindawo ezikufutshane nethambo lesifuba kodwa hayi kwamanye amalungu omzimba. Okanye, kunokubakho ithumba elingaphezulu kweesentimitha ezi-5 kunye nomhlaza osasazeke kwiindawo ezintathu ze-axillary okanye kwiindawo ezikufutshane nethambo lesifuba.
• Inqanaba IIIB. Ithumba lisasazeke eludongeni lwesifuba okanye kulusu lwesifuba lubangela isilonda okanye ukudumba. Inokuthi isasazeke nakwiindawo ze-axillary kodwa hayi kwamanye amalungu omzimba.
• Inqanaba IIIC. Umhlaza wabo nabuphi na ubungakanani usasazeke ubuncinci kwii-axillary node. Inokuthi isasaze nakwisikhumba sebele okanye eludongeni lwebele, kodwa hayi kwiindawo ezikude zomzimba.
• Inqanaba IV. Umhlaza unesifo se-metastatic, oko kuthetha ukuba uye wasasazeka kwamanye amalungu afana namathambo, imiphunga, ingqondo, okanye isibindi.

Uhlobo lomhlaza onalo, kunye nenqanaba, ziya kukunceda ekuchongeni unyango lwakho. Ngenqanaba I, II, okanye III umhlaza webele, eyona njongo iphambili kukunyanga umhlaza ngokuwunyanga nokuwugcina ungabuyi. Ngenqanaba IV, injongo kukuphucula iimpawu kunye nokwandisa ubomi. Phantse kuwo onke amatyala, inqanaba IV umhlaza wamabele awunyangeki.

Umhlaza ungabuya emva kokuba unyango luphelile. Ukuba iyenzeka, inokwenzeka esifubeni, kwiindawo ezikude zomzimba, okanye kwiindawo zombini. Ukuba iyabuya, inokufuna ukulungiswa kwakhona.

Kwiwebhusayithi yeZiko loMhlaza weSizwe. Unyango lomhlaza wamabele (umntu omdala) (PDQ) -uhlobo lobungcali kwezempilo. www.cancer.gov/types/breast/hp/ Unyango-esifo-pdq. Ukuhlaziywa ngoFebruwari 12, 2020. Kufikeleleke ngoMatshi 20, 2020.

Neumayer L, Viscusi RK. Uvavanyo kunye nokuchongwa kwenqanaba lomhlaza wamabele. Ku: Bland KI, Copeland EM, Klimberg VS, Gradishar WJ, ii-eds. Isifuba: Ulawulo oluBanzi lwezifo ezinobungozi kunye nezifo ezinobungozi. Umhla we-5. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; I-2018: isahluko 37.

• Umhlaza webele