Ukwenzakala okubuhlungu kwesinyi kunye ne-urethra

Ukwenzakala okubuhlungu kwesinyi kunye ne-urethra kubandakanya umonakalo obangelwe ngamandla angaphandle.

Iindidi zokulimala kwesinyi zibandakanya:

• Ukuqaqanjelwa ngumzimba (njengokuvuthela emzimbeni)
• Amanxeba angena ngaphakathi (njengembumbulu okanye amanxeba okuhlaba)

Isixa sokwenzakala kwisinyi kuxhomekeke:

• Yayigcwele kangakanani isinyi ngexesha lokwenzakala
• Yintoni ebangele ukonzakala

Ukwenzakala kwisinyi ngenxa yokwenzakala akuqhelekanga. Isinyi sifumaneka phakathi kwamathambo esinqe. Oku kuyayikhusela kuninzi lwemikhosi yangaphandle. Ukwenzakala kunokwenzeka ukuba kukho ukubetha kwethambo lesinqe eliqatha ngokwaneleyo ukophula amathambo. Kule meko, amaqhekeza amathambo anokugqobhoza udonga lwesinyi. Ngaphantsi kwe-1 kwi-10 ye-pelvic fractures ikhokelela ekonzakaleni kwesinyi.

Ezinye izinto ezibangela isinyi okanye ukulimala urethra zibandakanya:

• Utyando lwe-pelvis okanye i-groin (njengokulungiswa kwe-hernia kunye nokususwa kwesibeleko).
• Iinyembezi, ukusika, ukugruzuka, kunye nokunye ukwenzakala kwi-urethra. I-Urethra yityhubhu ehambisa umchamo ngaphandle komzimba. Oku kuqheleke kakhulu emadodeni.
• Ukwenzakala eStraddle. Oku kwenzakala kunokubakho ukuba kukho amandla athe ngqo athe onzakalisa indawo esemva kwesikhalazo.
• Ukulimala kokuncipha. Oku kwenzakala kwenzeka ngexesha lengozi yemoto. Isinyi sakho singonzakala ukuba sigcwele kwaye unxibe ibhanti lesihlalo.

Ukonzakala kwisinyi okanye urethra kunokubangela ukuba umchamo uvuza esiswini. Oku kunokukhokelela kusulelo.

Ezinye zeempawu eziqhelekileyo zezi:

• Iintlungu ezisezantsi esiswini
• Ukuthamba kwesisu
• Ukugculelwa kwindawo yokwenzakala
• Igazi kumchamo
• Ukukhutshwa kwegazi lokubuyisa
• Kunzima ukuqala ukuchama okanye ukungakwazi ukukhupha isinyi
• Ukuvuza komchamo
• Ukuchama kabuhlungu
• Intlungu yePelvic
• Umjelo omncinci, obuthathaka womchamo
• Ukuqaqanjelwa sisisu okanye ukudumba

Umothuko okanye ukopha ngaphakathi kungenzeka emva kokwenzakala kwesinyi. Le yimeko yongxamiseko kwezonyango. Iimpawu zibandakanya:

• Ukwehla kokuphaphela, ukozela, isiqaqa
• Ukunyuka kwentliziyo
• Nciphisa uxinzelelo lwegazi
• Ulusu oluthuthu
• Ukubila
• Ulusu olupholileyo kukuchukumisa

Ukuba awukho umchamo omncinci okanye omncinci okhutshiweyo, kunokubakho umngcipheko owonyukayo wosulelo lwe-urinary tract (UTI) okanye ukonakala kwezintso.

Uvavanyo lwamalungu esini angabonisa ukonzakala kwi-urethra. Ukuba umboneleli wezempilo ukrokrela ukulimala, unokufumana ezi mvavanyo zilandelayo:

• I-urethrogram ye-Retrograde (i-x-ray ye-urethra usebenzisa idayi) yokulimala kwe-urethra
• I-cystogram ye-Retrograde (imaging ye-bladder) yokwenzakala kwesinyi

Uviwo lunokubonisa:

• Ukulimala kwesinyi okanye ukudumba (distended) isinyi
• Eminye imiqondiso yokwenzakala kwe-pelvic, enjengokugruzuka ngaphezulu kwepenisi, isirhorho, kunye ne-perineum
• Iimpawu zokopha okanye ukothuka, kubandakanya ukwehla koxinzelelo lwegazi- ngakumbi kwimeko yokuqhekeka kwe-pelvic
• Ukuthantamisa kunye nokuzala kwesinyi xa kuchukumisekile (kubangelwa kukugcina umchamo)
• Ithenda kunye nokungazinzi kwamathambo e-pelvic
• Umchamo kwisisu esiswini

I-catheter inokufakwa emva kokuba ukwenzakala kwe-urethra kugwetyelwe ngaphandle. Le yityhubhu ekhupha umchamo emzimbeni. X-ray yesinyi usebenzisa idayi ukuqaqambisa nawuphi na umonakalo onokwenziwa emva koko.

Iinjongo zonyango zezi:

• Iimpawu zolawulo
• Ukucoca umchamo
• Lungisa ukulimala
• Thintela iingxaki

Unyango olungxamisekileyo lokopha okanye ukothuka kunokubandakanya:

• Utofelo-gazi
• Ulwelo olungena ngaphakathi (IV)
• Ukubeka iliso esibhedlele

Utyando olungxamisekileyo lunokwenziwa ukulungisa ukwenzakala kunye nokuchitha umchamo kwisisu esiswini xa unokwenzakala kakhulu okanye i-peritonitis (ukudumba kwesisu).

Ukulimala kunokulungiswa ngokuhlinzwa kwiimeko ezininzi. I-bladder inokutsalwa nge-catheter ngokusebenzisa i-urethra okanye udonga lwesisu (olubizwa ngokuba yityhubhu yesuprapubic) ngaphezulu kweentsuku ukuya kwiiveki. Oku kuya kuthintela umchamo ekwakheni esinyini. Iya kuvumela isinyi okanye umchamo owonzakeleyo ukuba uphilise kwaye uthintele ukudumba kwi-urethra ekuthinteleni ukuhamba komchamo.

Ukuba i-urethra isikiwe, ingcali yomchamo inokuzama ukubeka i-catheter endaweni yayo. Ukuba oku akunakwenziwa, ityhubhu iya kufakwa kudonga lwesisu ngqo kwisinyi. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yityhubhu yesuprapubic. Iya kushiywa endaweni yayo kude kube nokudumba kuhambe kwaye i-urethra inokulungiswa ngoqhaqho. Oku kuthatha iinyanga ezi-3 ukuya kwezi-6.

Ukwenzakala kwesinyi kunye nomchamo ngenxa yokwenzakala kunokuba kuncinci okanye kubulale. Ixesha elifutshane okanye ixesha elide iingxaki ezinokuthi zenzeke.

Ezinye zeengxaki ezinokubakho zokulimala kwesinyi kunye ne-urethra zezi:

• Ukopha, ukothuka.
• Ukuthintela ukuhamba komchamo. Oku kubangela ukuba umchamo ubuye umva kwaye wenzakalise enye okanye zombini izintso.
• Ukuqhekeka okukhokelela ekuvaleni kwe-urethra.
• Iingxaki zokukhupha ngokupheleleyo isinyi.

Fowunela inombolo yongxamiseko yendawo (911) okanye uye kwigumbi likaxakeka ukuba wenzakele kwisinyi okanye urethra.

Shayela umnikezeli wakho ukuba iimpawu ziba zibi okanye iimpawu ezintsha zikhula, kuquka:

• Ukuncipha kwemveliso yomchamo
• Ifiva
• Igazi kumchamo
• Iintlungu ezinzima zesisu
• Iplanti ebukhali okanye iintlungu zomqolo
• Umothuko okanye ukopha

Thintela ukwenzakala ngaphandle kwesinyi kunye ne-urethra ngokulandela ezi ngcebiso:

• Musa ukufaka izinto kwi-urethra.
• Ukuba ufuna i-self-catheterization, landela imiyalelo yomboneleli wakho.
• Sebenzisa izixhobo zokhuselo ngexesha lomsebenzi kunye nokudlala.

Ukwenzakala - isinyi kunye urethra; Isinyi esityumkileyo; Ukwenzakala kweUrethral; Ukwenzakala kwesinyi; Ukuqhekeka kwepelvic; Ukuphazamiseka kwamathambo; Ukuqhekeka kwesinyi

• Catheterization yesinyi - libhinqa
• Catheterization yesinyi - eyindoda
• Iphecana lomchamo labasetyhini
• Indoda yokuchama

Iibhranti ze-SB, i-Eswara JR. Ingozi ephezulu yomchamo. UPartin AW, uDmochowski RR, uKavoussi LR, uPeter CA, ii-eds. ICampbell-Walsh-Wein Urology. Umhla we-12. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021: isahluko 90.

IShewakramani SN. Inkqubo yeGenitourinary. Ku: Iindonga RM, iHockberger RS, iGausche-Hill M, ii-eds. Unyango lukaRosen oluNgxamisekileyo: Iikhonsepthi kunye nokuziqhelanisa neKlinikhi. Umhla we-9. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; I-2018: isahluko 40.