Goiter elula

I-goiter elula kukukhulisa i-thyroid gland. Ngokuqhelekileyo ayisosifo okanye umhlaza.

Idlala lengqula lilungu elibalulekileyo lenkqubo yonyango. Ime ngaphambili entanyeni ngasentla apho iikholeji zakho zidibana khona. Idlala lenza iincindi zamadlala ezilawula indlela zonke iiseli zomzimba ezisebenzisa ngayo amandla. Le nkqubo ibizwa ngokuba yimetabolism.

Ukunqongophala kwe-iodine ngoyena nobangela uqhelekileyo we-goiter. Umzimba ufuna iodine ukuvelisa idlala lengqula. Ukuba awunayo iodine eyaneleyo ekutyeni kwakho, idlala lengqula liyakhula ukuzama ukubamba yonke iodine elinakho, ukuze lenze inani elifanelekileyo lehomoni yedlala lengqula. Ke, i-goiter inokuba luphawu lokuba idlala lengqula alikwazi ukwenza idlala lengqula elaneleyo. Ukusetyenziswa kwetyuwa e-iodized e-United States kuthintela ukungabikho kwe-iodine ekutyeni.

Ezinye izinto ezibangela ukudumba zibandakanya:

• Amajoni omzimba ahlasela idlala lengqula (ingxaki yokuzimela)
• Amayeza athile (lithium, amiodarone)
• Usulelo (olunqabileyo)
• Ukutshaya icuba
• Ukutya ukutya okuninzi kakhulu (isoya, amandongomane, okanye imifuno kwi-broccoli kunye nosapho lwekhaphetshu)
• Ityhefu nodular goiter, idlala lengqula elandisiweyo elinokukhula okuncinci okanye ukukhula okuninzi okubizwa ngokuba ngamaqhuqhuva, avelisa incindi yedlala lengqula.

Ukuhamba ngokulula kuqheleke kakhulu:

• Abantu abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-40
• Abantu abanembali yosapho lwe-goiter
• Abantu abazalelwe kwaye bakhulele kwiindawo ezinesifo se-iodine
  
• Abafazi

Uphawu oluphambili lwandiswe idlala lengqula. Ubungakanani bunokuvela kwi-nodule encinci ukuya kubunzima obukhulu ngaphambili entanyeni.

Abanye abantu abane-goiter elula banokuba neempawu ze-thyroid gland engasebenzi.

Kwiimeko ezinqabileyo, i-thyroid eyandisiweyo inokubeka uxinzelelo kwi-windpipe (trachea) kunye ne-tube yokutya (i-esophagus). Oku kungakhokelela ku:

• Ubunzima bokuphefumla (ngee goit ezinkulu kakhulu), ngakumbi xa ulele uthe tyaba ngasemva okanye xa ufikelela phezulu ngeengalo zakho
• Khohlela
• Ukurhabaxa
• Ukuginya ubunzima, ngakumbi ngokutya okuqinileyo
• Ubuhlungu kwindawo ye-thyroid

Umboneleli wezempilo uya kwenza uvavanyo lomzimba. Oku kubandakanya ukuva intamo yakho njengoko uginya. Ukuvuvukala kwindawo ye-thyroid kunokuziva.

Ukuba une-goiter enkulu kakhulu, unokuba noxinzelelo kwimithambo yakho yentamo. Ngenxa yoko, xa umboneleli ekucela ukuba uphakamise iingalo zakho ngaphezulu kwentloko yakho, unokuziva unesiyezi.

Uvavanyo lwegazi lunokuyalelwa ukulinganisa umsebenzi we-thyroid:

• I-thyroxine yasimahla (T4)
• Idlala lengqula elikhuthaza amadlala (TSH)

Uvavanyo lokujonga iindawo ezingaqhelekanga kwaye ezinokuba nomhlaza kwi-thyroid gland zibandakanya:

• Ukuskena kwe-thyroid kunye nokuthatha
• I-Ultrasound ye-thyroid

Ukuba ngaba amaqhuqhuva afunyenwe kwi-ultrasound, kunokufuneka i-biopsy ukujonga umhlaza we-thyroid.

Ukudumba kufuneka kunyangwe kuphela xa kubangela iimpawu.

Unyango lwe-thyroid eyandisiweyo lubandakanya:

• Iipilisi ezibuyisela i-thyroid endaweni ye-goiter ngenxa ye-thyroid engasebenzi
• Amanani amancinci eLugol's iodine okanye isisombululo se-potassium iodine ukuba i-goiter ibangelwa kukungabikho kwe-iodine
• Iodine ye-radioactive yokunciphisa i-gland ukuba i-thyroid ivelisa i-hormone ye-thyroid
• Utyando (i-thyroidectomy) ukususa yonke okanye inxenye yelungu

I-goiter elula inokunyamalala iyodwa, okanye inokuba nkulu. Ngexesha elide, i-thyroid gland inokuyeka ukwenza i-hormone ye-thyroid eyaneleyo. Le meko ibizwa ngokuba yi-hypothyroidism.

Ngamanye amaxesha, i-goiter iba yityhefu kwaye ivelise i-hormone ye-thyroid yodwa. Oku kunokubangela amanqanaba aphezulu e-thyroid, imeko ebizwa ngokuba yi-hyperthyroidism.

Tsalela umnikezeli wakho ukuba ufumene nakuphi na ukudumba ngaphambili kwentamo yakho okanye naziphi na ezinye iimpawu zedumbe.

Sebenzisa itafile yetyuwa kuthintela uninzi olulula.

Goiter - elula; Goiter Endemic; Umbala weColloidal; Isifo esingenabungozi

• Ukususwa kwendlala ye-thyroid - ukukhutshwa

• Ukwandiswa kwe-thyroid-scintiscan
• Idlala lengqula
• Isifo sikaHashimoto (esinganyangekiyo)

IBrent GA, i-Weetman AP. Hypothyroidism kunye thyroiditis. Ku: UMelmed S, uAuchus RJ, uGoldfine AB, uKoenig RJ, uRosen CJ, ii-eds. Incwadi ebhaliweyo kaWilliam ye-Endocrinology. Umhla we-14. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 13.

I-Hegedüs L, uPaschke R, uKrohn K, uBonnema SJ. Imultitodular goiter. Ku: Jameson JL, De Groot LJ, de Kretser DM, et al, ii-eds. Endocrinology: Abantu abadala kunye nabantwana. Umhla wesi-7. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: isahluko 90.

UJonklaas J, Cooper DS. Idlala lengqula. Ku: IGoldman L, iSchafer AI, ii-eds. Amayeza eGoldman-Cecil. Ngomhla wama-26. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 213.

USmith JR, uWassner AJ. Goiter. Ku: Kliegman RM, St Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, ii-eds. Incwadi kaNelson yeNcwadi yePediatrics. Umhla wama-21. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 583.