Isifo samathambo

IArthritis kukudumba okanye ukonakala kwelungu elinye okanye nangaphezulu. Idibeneyo yindawo apho amathambo ama-2 adibana khona. Kukho iintlobo ezingaphezu kwe-100 ezahlukeneyo zesifo samathambo.

IArthritis ibandakanya ukophuka kwezidibanisi, ngakumbi intlala. I-cartilage eqhelekileyo ikhusela ngokudibeneyo kwaye ivumela ukuba ihambe kakuhle. I-Cartilage iphinda ifumane ukothuka xa uxinzelelo lubekwa kwilungu, njengaxa uhamba. Ngaphandle kwesiqhelo se-cartilage, amathambo phantsi kwe-cartilage ayonakaliswa kwaye ahlikihle kunye. Oku kubangela ukudumba (ukudumba), kunye nokuqina.

Ezinye izinto ezidibeneyo ezichaphazelekayo yi-arthritis zibandakanya:

• Indawo yolawulo
• Ithambo ecaleni kwendibaniselwano
• Imigudu kunye neetoni
• Imigca kunye nemithambo (bursae)

Ukudumba ngokudibeneyo kunye nomonakalo kunokubangelwa:

• Isifo sokuzimela (amajoni omzimba ahlasela ngempazamo izicwili ezisempilweni)
• Ithambo elaphukileyo
• Ngokubanzi "ukunxiba nokukrazula" kumalungu
• Usulelo, kaninzi yiibhaktheriya okanye intsholongwane
• Amakristali afana ne-uric acid okanye i-calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate

Kwiimeko ezininzi, ukudumba ngokudibeneyo kuyahamba emva kokuba unobangela wemkile okanye unyangwa. Ngamanye amaxesha, ayenzi njalo. Xa oku kusenzeka, une-arthritis yexesha elide (engapheliyo).

Isifo samathambo sinokubakho nakweyiphi na iminyaka kunye nesini. Osteoarthritis, leyo ngenxa yeenkqubo non-ukudumba kunye nokwanda kunye nobudala, lolona hlobo luqhelekileyo.

Olunye uhlobo oluqhelekileyo lwe-arthritis evuthayo lubandakanya:

• I-Ankylosing spondylitis
• Isifo samathambo, i-gout, isifo se-calcium pyrophosphate
• I-rheumatoid arthritis yabantwana (ebantwaneni)
• Usulelo lwebhakteria
• Isifo samathambo
• Isifo samathambo esisebenzayo
• Isifo samathambo (kubantu abadala)
• Iscleroderma
• Inkqubo ye lupus erythematosus (SLE)

Isifo samathambo sibangela iintlungu ezidibeneyo, ukudumba, ukuqina, kunye nentshukumo encinci. Iimpawu zingabandakanya:

• Intlungu edibeneyo
• Ukudumba ngokudibeneyo
• Ukunciphisa amandla okuhambisa ngokudibeneyo
• Ubomvu kunye nokufudumala kwesikhumba malunga nomdibaniso
• Ukuqina ngokudibeneyo, ngakumbi kusasa

Umboneleli wezempilo uya kwenza uvavanyo lomzimba kwaye abuze malunga nembali yakho yezonyango.

Uvavanyo lomzimba lunokubonisa:

• Ulwelo olujikeleze ilunga
• Amalungu afudumeleyo, abomvu, athambileyo
• Kunzima ukuhambisa indibaniselwano (ebizwa ngokuba "ngumda wentshukumo"

Ezinye iintlobo ze-arthritis zingabangela ukukhubazeka ngokudibeneyo. Oku kunokuba ngumqondiso wesifo se-rheumatoid arthritis esibi.

Uvavanyo lwegazi kunye ne-x-reyi zihlala zenziwa ukukhangela usulelo kunye nezinye izinto ezibangela isifo samathambo.

Umboneleli unokuphinda asuse isampulu yolwelo oludibeneyo ngenaliti kwaye aluthumele kwilebhu ukuze ihlolwe ukuba ziikristale okanye ukudumba.

Unobangela oyintloko uhlala enganyangeki. Injongo yonyango kukuba:

• Nciphisa iintlungu kunye nokudumba
• Ukuphucula umsebenzi
• Khusela omnye umonakalo odibeneyo

UTSHINTSHO KWIMPILO

Utshintsho kwindlela yokuphila lonyango olukhethwayo lwe-osteoarthritis kunye nezinye iintlobo zokudumba ngokudibeneyo. Ukuzilolonga kunokunceda ekunciphiseni ukuqina, ukunciphisa iintlungu nokudinwa, kunye nokuphucula amandla emisipha kunye nethambo. Iqela lakho lempilo linokukunceda uyile inkqubo yokulolonga ekulungeleyo.

Iinkqubo zokuzilolonga zinokubandakanya:

• Umsebenzi we-aerobic wempembelelo ephantsi (ekwabizwa ngokuba ngumthambo wokunyamezela) njengokuhamba
• Uluhlu lwemisebenzi yokunyakaza yokuguquguquka
• Amandla oqeqesho kwithoni yemisipha

Umboneleli wakho unokucebisa unyango lomzimba. Oku kunokubandakanya:

• Ubushushu okanye umkhenkce.
• Splints okanye orthotic ukuxhasa amalungu kunye nokunceda ukuphucula indawo yabo. Oku kudla ngokufuneka kwisifo samathambo.
• Unyango lwamanzi.
• Ukuphulula.

Ezinye izinto onokuzenza zibandakanya:

• Lala ngokwaneleyo. Ukulala iiyure eziyi-8 ukuya kwezi-10 ngobusuku kwaye uthatha i-naps ngexesha lasemini kunokukunceda ukuba uphinde uphinde uphinde uphinde uphinde uphinde uphinde uphinde uphinde uphinde uphinde uphinde uphinde uphinde uphinde uphinde uphinde uphinde uphinde uphinde uphinde uphinde uphinde uphinde uphinde uphinde uphinde uphinde uphinde uphinde uphinde uphinde uhanjwe ukulala iiyure eziyi-8 ukuya kwezi-10 ebusuku kwaye uthathe i-naps ngexesha lasemini kunokukunceda ukuba uphinde uphume ngokukhawuleza, kwaye kunokukunceda ukukhusela i-flare-ups.
• Kuphephe ukuhlala kwindawo enye ixesha elide.
• Gwema izikhundla okanye iintshukumo ezibeka uxinzelelo olongezelelweyo kumalungu akho abuhlungu.
• Guqula ikhaya lakho ukuze imisebenzi ibelula. Umzekelo, faka imivalo yokubamba kwindawo yokuhlambela, ebhafini, nakufutshane nakwindlu yangasese.
• Zama imisebenzi yokunciphisa uxinzelelo, njengokucamngca, iyoga, okanye tai chi.
• Yitya ukutya okusempilweni okugcwele iziqhamo kunye nemifuno, eneevithamini kunye neeminerali ezibalulekileyo, ngakumbi ivithamin E.
• Yitya ukutya okutyebileyo kwi-omega-3 fatty acids, enjengeentlanzi zamanzi abandayo (isalmon, i-mackerel, kunye neherring), i-flaxseed, i-rapeseed (i-canola) i-oyile, iimbotyi zesoya, ioyile yeembotyi zesoya, iimbewu zethanga, kunye nama walnuts.
• Kuphephe ukutshaya nokusela kakhulu utywala.
• Faka i-capsaicin cream ngaphezulu kwamalungu akho abuhlungu. Unokuziva uphuculwe emva kokufaka ukhilimu kangangeentsuku ezi-3 ukuya kwezi-7.
• Ukunciphisa umzimba, ukuba utyebe kakhulu. Ukwehla kobunzima kunokuphucula kakhulu ukudibana kwentlungu kunye neenyawo.
• Sebenzisa i-cane ukunciphisa iintlungu kwi-hip, idolo, i-ankle, okanye i-arthritis yonyawo.

AMAYEZA

Amayeza anokumiselwa kunye notshintsho kwindlela yokuphila. Onke amayeza anobungozi. Kuya kufuneka ulandelwe ngokusondeleyo ngugqirha xa usela amayeza e-arthritis, nkqu nezo uzithenga ngaphandle kwekhawuntari.

Amayeza angaphaya kwekhawuntareni:

• I-Acetaminophen (iTylenol) ihlala iyeza lokuqala ukuzama ukunciphisa iintlungu. Thatha ukuya kuthi ga kwi-3,000 ngosuku (2 isifo samathambo-amandla eTylenol qho kwiiyure ezisi-8). Ukuthintela ukonakala kwesibindi sakho, musa ukuthatha ngaphezulu kwedosi ekhuthazwayo. Kuba amayeza amaninzi afumaneka ngaphandle kommiselo oqulathe i-etaminophen, kuyakufuneka uwafake kwi-3,000 ngosuku ubuninzi. Kulumkele utywala xa uthatha i-etaminophen.
• I-Aspirin, ibuprofen, okanye i-naproxen ziziyobisi ezichasayo ezingasebenziyo (i-NSAIDs) ezinokuthomalalisa iintlungu zesifo samathambo. Nangona kunjalo, banokuba nemingcipheko xa isetyenziswe ixesha elide. Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezinokubakho zibandakanya ukuhlaselwa yintliziyo, ukubetha, izilonda zesisu, ukopha kwindawo yokwetyisa kunye nokonakala kwezintso.

Kuxhomekeka kuhlobo lwesifo samathambo, amanye amayeza anokumiselwa:

• ICorticosteroids ("steroids") inceda ukunciphisa ukudumba. Banokujova kumalungu abuhlungu okanye banikwe ngomlomo.
• Iziyobisi ezichaphazela isifo se-rheumatic (DMARDs) zisetyenziselwa ukunyanga isifo samathambo kunye ne-SLE
• I-Biologics kunye ne-kinase inhibitor zisetyenziselwa unyango lwe-autoimmune arthritis. Banokunikezwa ngenaliti okanye ngomlomo.
• Igawuthi ingasetyenziswa kumayeza athile okunciphisa amanqanaba e-uric acid.

Kubaluleke kakhulu ukuthatha amayeza akho njengoko kuyalelwa ngumboneleli wakho. Ukuba unengxaki yokwenza njalo (umzekelo, ngenxa yeziphumo ebezingalindelekanga), kuya kufuneka uthethe nomboneleli wakho. Qiniseka ukuba umboneleli wakho uyazi malunga nawo onke amayeza owathathayo, kubandakanya iivithamini kunye nezongezo ezithengwe ngaphandle kommiselo.

UKUGQIBELA NONYE UNYANGO

Ngamanye amaxesha, utyando lunokwenziwa ukuba olunye unyango alusebenzanga kwaye kwenzeka umonakalo omkhulu kwilungu.

Oku kunokubandakanya:

• Ukutshintshwa ngokudibeneyo, njengokutshintsha kwamadolo ngokupheleleyo

Iingxaki ezimbalwa ezinxulumene nesifo samathambo zinokunyangeka ngokupheleleyo ngonyango olululo. Nangona kunjalo, uninzi lwezi ngxaki luba ziingxaki zempilo zexesha elide (ezingapheliyo) kodwa zihlala zilawulwa kakuhle. Iindlela ezinobundlongondlongo zeemeko ezithile ze-arthritic zinokuba nefuthe elibonakalayo ekuhambeni kwaye kunokukhokelela ekubandakanyekeni kwamanye amalungu omzimba okanye iinkqubo.

Iingxaki zesifo samathambo zibandakanya:

• Iintlungu zexesha elide (ezingapheliyo)
• Ukukhubazeka
• Kunzima ukwenza imisebenzi yemihla ngemihla

Fowunela umnikezeli wakho ukuba:

• Intlungu yakho edibeneyo iyaqhubeka ngaphezulu kweentsuku ezi-3.
• Unentlungu edibeneyo engachazwanga.
• Ilungu elichaphazelekayo lidumbile.
• Unobunzima bokuhambisa ngokudibeneyo.
• Ulusu lwakho olujikeleze ilunga lubomvu okanye luyatshisa ngaphandle kwebala.
• Unomkhuhlane okanye ulahlekelwe ngumzimba ngokungazi.

Ukuchongwa kwangoko kunye nonyango kunokunceda ukuthintela umonakalo odibeneyo. Ukuba unembali yosapho yesifo samathambo, xelela umboneleli wakho, nokuba awunantlungu.

Ukuphepha ukunyanzeliswa okuphindaphindiweyo kunokunceda ukukhusela kwi-osteoarthritis.

Ukudumba ngokudibeneyo; Ukonakala ngokudibeneyo

• Osteoarthritis
• Osteoarthritis
• Irheumatoid Arthritis
• Irheumatoid Arthritis
• I-Osteoarthritis vs i-rheumatoid arthritis
• Isifo samathambo esinqeni
• Irheumatoid Arthritis
• Idolo lokutshintsha kwamadolo - uthotho
• Ukudibana ngokudibeneyo kwe-Hip-uthotho

I-Bykerk VP, iCrow MK. Sondela kwisigulana ngesifo samathambo. Ku: IGoldman L, iSchafer AI, ii-eds. Amayeza eGoldman-Cecil. Ngomhla wama-26. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 241.

Inman RD. I-spondyloarthropathies. Ku: IGoldman L, iSchafer AI, ii-eds. Amayeza eGoldman-Cecil. Ngomhla wama-26. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 249.

IKraus VB, iVincent TL. Osteoarthritis. Ku: IGoldman L, iSchafer AI, ii-eds. Amayeza eGoldman-Cecil. Ngomhla wama-26. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; I-2020: isahluko 246.

Mcinnes mna, O'Dell JR. Irheumatoid Arthritis. Ku: IGoldman L, iSchafer AI, ii-eds. Amayeza eGoldman-Cecil. Ngomhla wama-26. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 248.

USingh JA, uSaag KG, uBridges SL Jr, et al. 2015 Ikholeji yaseMelika yeRheumatology yesikhokelo sonyango lwe-rheumatoid arthritis. Isifo samathambo Rheumatol. Ngo-2016; 68 (1): 1-26. IINKCUKACHA: 26545940 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26545940/.