Igcushuwa

I-syphilis ye-Congenital inzima, iyakhubaza, kwaye ihlala isoyikisa ubomi ebonwa kwiintsana. Umama okhulelweyo one-syphilis unokusasaza usulelo nge-placenta ukuya kusana olungekazalwa.

I-syphilis yokuzalwa ibangelwa yintsholongwane I-Treponema pallidum, edluliselwa ukusuka kumama iye kumntwana ngexesha lokukhula komntwana okanye ekuzalweni. Ukuya kuthi ga kwisiqingatha sabo bonke abantwana abosuleleke ngegcushuwa ngelixa besesibelekweni bafa kungekudala ngaphambi okanye emva kokuzalwa.

Ngaphandle kwento yokuba esi sifo sinokunyangeka ngamayeza okubulala iintsholongwane ukuba sibanjwe kwangethuba, ukunyuka kwamazinga egcushuwa phakathi kwabasetyhini abakhulelweyo eUnited States kuye kwalinyusa inani leentsana ezizalwe zinesifo sokuzalwa esineempawu zokuzalwa kwabantu ukususela ngo-2013.

Uninzi lweentsana ezosulelekileyo ngaphambi kokuzalwa zibonakala ziqhelekileyo. Ngokuhamba kwexesha, iimpawu zingakhula. Kwiintsana ezingaphantsi kweminyaka emi-2 ubudala, iimpawu zinokubandakanya:

• Ukwandiswa kwesibindi kunye / okanye udakada (ubunzima esiswini)
• Ukusilela ukutyeba okanye ukusilela ukukhula (kubandakanya ngaphambi kokuzalwa, kunye nokuzala okuphantsi)
• Ifiva
• Ukucaphuka
• Ukurhawuzelela kunye nokuqhekeka kolusu olujikeleze umlomo, amalungu esini kunye ne-anus
• Ukukhawuleza ukuqala njengamadyungudyungu amancinci, ngakumbi ezintendeni nasezintendeni, kwaye kamva kutshintshele kumbala wobhedu, tyaba okanye ukuqhuma
• Ukuqaqanjelwa ngamathambo (ithambo)
• Ayikwazi ukuhambisa ingalo okanye umlenze obuhlungu
• Ulwelo olunamanzi olusuka empumlweni

Iimpawu kwiintsana ezindala kunye nabantwana abancinci banokubandakanya:

• Amazinyo angafakwanga ngokungaqhelekanga kunye namazinyo abunjiweyo, abizwa ngokuba ngamazinyo eHutchinson
• Intlungu yethambo
• Ubumfama
• Isibhakabhaka se-cornea (isimbozo se-eyeballball)
• Ukunciphisa ukuva okanye ukungeva
• Ukukhubazeka kwempumlo ngebhulorho yempumlo ethe tyaba (isali yempumlo)
• Ngwevu, amabala afana ne-mucus ajikeleze i-anus kunye nelungu lobufazi
• Ukudumba ngokudibeneyo
• I-Saber shins (ingxaki yethambo kumlenze ongezantsi)
• Ukukrala kolusu olujikeleze umlomo, amalungu esini kunye ne-anus

Ukuba ukrokrela ukuba usulelo lukho ngexesha lokuzalwa, iplacenta iya kuvavanywa ngeempawu zegcushuwa. Uvavanyo lomzimba losana lunokubonisa iimpawu zesibindi kunye nokudumba nokudumba kunye nokudumba kwethambo.

Uvavanyo lwegazi oluqhelekileyo lwegcushuwa lwenziwa ngexesha lokukhulelwa. Umama unokufumana olu vavanyo lwegazi lulandelayo:

• Uvavanyo lwe-fluorescent treponemal antibody olwenziwe ngovavanyo (FTA-ABS)
• Iplasma reagin ekhawulezayo (RPR)
• Uvavanyo lophando lwelebhu yesifo seVenereal (VDRL)

Usana okanye umntwana unokufumana ezi mvavanyo zilandelayo:

• I-X-ray yethambo
• Uvavanyo lwentsimi emnyama ukufumana i-syphilis bacteria phantsi kwemicroscope
• Ukuhlolwa kwamehlo
• Ukugqobhoza i-Lumbar (impompo yomqolo) -ukususa ulwelo lomqolo kuvavanyo
• Uvavanyo lwegazi (olufana nolu lubhalwe apha ngasentla kumama)

I-penicillin sisiyobisi esikhethiweyo kunyango lwale ngxaki. Inokunikwa nge-IV okanye ngokudubula okanye ngenaliti. Amanye amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane angasetyenziswa ukuba umntwana uxabisa i-penicillin.

Uninzi lweentsana ezazosuleleke kwangoko ekukhulelweni zizalwa zingafanga. Unyango lukamama ozayo luthomalalisa umngcipheko wokuzalwa kwegcushuwa kusana. Iintsana ezosulelayo xa zidlula kumjelo wokuzalwa ziba nembono engcono kunalezo zisulelwe kwangoko ngexa lokukhulelwa.

Iingxaki zempilo ezinokubangela ukuba umntwana anganyangwa zibandakanya:

• Ubumfama
• Izithulu
• Ukukhubazeka kobuso
• Iingxaki zenkqubo

Fowunela umboneleli wakho wezempilo ukuba umntwana wakho uneempawu okanye iimpawu zale meko.

Ukuba ucinga ukuba unokuba ne-syphilis kwaye ukhulelwe (okanye ucwangcise ukukhulelwa), tsalela umnikezeli wakho kwangoko.

Izenzo zesondo ezikhuselekileyo zikunceda ukuthintela ukusasazeka kwegcushuwa. Ukuba ukrokrela ukuba unesifo esidluliselwa ngeentlobano zesini ezifana negcushuwa, funa unyango ngoko nangoko ukunqanda iingxaki ezinjengokusulela usana lwakho ngexesha lokukhulelwa okanye lokuzalwa.

Unonophelo lwaphambi kokubeleka lubaluleke kakhulu. Uvavanyo lwegazi oluqhelekileyo lwegcushuwa lwenziwa ngexesha lokukhulelwa. Oku kunceda ekuchongeni oomama abosulelekileyo ukuze banyangwe ukunciphisa umngcipheko kusana nakwiziqu zabo. Iintsana ezizalwe ngoomama abanesifo abafumene unyango olufanelekileyo lwe-antibiotic ngexesha lokukhulelwa banomngcipheko omncinci we-syphilis yokuzalwa.

Igcushuwa ebusayo

UDobson SR, uSanchez PJ. Igcushuwa. Ku: UCherry JD, uHarrison GJ, uKaplan SL, uSteinbach WJ, uHotez PJ, ii-eds. Incwadi kaFeigin kunye neCherry yezifo ezosulelayo zabantwana. Ngomhla we-8. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; I-2019: isahluko 144.

IKollman TR, iDobson SRM. Igcushuwa. Ku: Wilson CB, Nizet V, Malonado YA, Remington JS, Klein JO, ii-eds. Izifo ezosulelayo zosana olungekazalwa kunye nosana olusandul 'ukuzalwa u-Remington noKlein. Ngomhla we-8. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: isahluko 16.

UMikhaels MG, uWilliam JV. Izifo ezosulelayo. UZitelli BJ, McIntire SC, Norwalk AJ, ii-eds. UZitelli no-Davis ’Atlas of Pediatric Physical Diagnosis. Umhla wesi-7. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; I-2018: isahluko 13.