Umkhuhlane omthubi

Umkhuhlane omthubi yintsholongwane eyosasazwa ziingcongconi.

Umkhuhlane omthubi ubangelwa yintsholongwane ethwalwa ziingcongconi. Ungasiphuhlisa esi sifo ukuba uyalunywa yingcongconi esulelwe yile ntsholongwane.

Esi sifo siqhelekile eMzantsi Melika nakwi-Afrika engaphantsi kweSahara.

Nabani na unokufumana i-yellow fever, kodwa abantu abadala banomngcipheko ophezulu wosulelo olomeleleyo.

Ukuba umntu ulunywe yingcongconi enesifo, iimpawu zihlala zikhula kwiintsuku ezi-3 ukuya kwezi-6 kamva.

Umkhuhlane omthubi unezigaba ezi-3:

• Isigaba 1 (usulelo): Intloko ebuhlungu, izihlunu kunye nokudibana ngokudibeneyo, umkhuhlane, ukugungxula, ukungabinamdla wokutya, ukugabha kunye nejundice ziqhelekile. Iimpawu zihlala zihamba ngokufutshane emva kweentsuku ezi-3 ukuya kwezi-4.
• Isigaba 2 (ukuxolelwa): Umkhuhlane kunye nezinye iimpawu ziyahamba. Uninzi lwabantu luya kuphila kweli nqanaba, kodwa abanye banokuba mandundu ngaphakathi kweeyure ezingama-24.
• Isigaba sesi-3 (ukunxila): Iingxaki ngamalungu amaninzi zinokwenzeka, kubandakanya intliziyo, isibindi kunye nezintso. Ukuphazamiseka kwegazi, ukuxhuzula, ikhoma, kunye ne-delirium nazo zinokwenzeka.

Iimpawu zingabandakanya:

• Umkhuhlane, intloko ebuhlungu, iintlungu zemisipha
• Isihlunu nokuhlanza, mhlawumbi ukugabha igazi
• Amehlo abomvu, ubuso, ulwimi
• Isikhumba esimthubi namehlo (jaundice)
• Ukunciphisa ukuchama
• Delirium
• Ukubetha kwentliziyo okungaqhelekanga (arrhythmias)
• Ukopha (kunokuqhubela phambili ukuphuma kwegazi)
• Ukuxhuzula
• Coma

Umboneleli wezempilo uya kwenza uvavanyo lomzimba kunye noku-odola uvavanyo lwegazi. Olu vavanyo lwegazi lunokubonisa ukusilela kwesibindi kunye nezintso kunye nobungqina bokothuka.

Kubalulekile ukuxelela umboneleli wakho ukuba ukhe waya kwiindawo apho isifo saziwa ukuba siyachuma. Uvavanyo lwegazi lunokuqinisekisa isifo.

Akukho lonyango oluthile lwe-yellow fever. Unyango luxhasa kwaye lujolise koku:

• Iimveliso zegazi zokopha kakhulu
• I-Dialysis yokusilela kwezintso
• Ulwelo ngomthambo (ulwelo olufakwa ngaphakathi)

Umkhuhlane omthubi ungadala iingxaki ezinkulu, kubandakanya ukopha ngaphakathi. Ukufa kunokwenzeka.

Iingxaki ezinokubangela zibandakanya:

• Coma
• Ukufa
• Isasazwe i-intravascular coagulation (DIC)
• Ukungaphumeleli kwezintso
• Ukungaphumeleli kwesibindi
• Usulelo lwe-salivary gland (parotitis)
• Usulelo lwesibini lwebhakteria
• Umothuko

Jonga umboneleli ubuncinci kwiintsuku ezili-10 ukuya kwezi-14 ngaphambi kokuya kwindawo apho i-yellow fever ixhaphake khona ukufumanisa ukuba ngaba kufanelekile na ukugonyelwa esi sifo.

Xelela umboneleli wakho ngoko nangoko ukuba wena okanye umntwana wakho uveliswa ngumkhuhlane, intloko ebuhlungu, iintlungu zemisipha, ukugabha, okanye i-jaundice, ngakumbi ukuba uye waya kwindawo apho i-yellow fever ixhaphake khona.

Kukho isitofu sokugonya esisebenzayo ngokuchasene ne-yellow fever. Buza umboneleli wakho ubuncinci kwiintsuku ezili-10 ukuya kwezi-14 ngaphambi kokuba uhambe ukuba kufanele ugonyelwe i-yellow fever. Amanye amazwe afuna ubungqina bokugonywa ukuze bangene.

Ukuba uza kuya kwindawo apho i-yellow fever iqhelekile:

• Lala kwizindlu ezihluziweyo
• Sebenzisa izinto zokugxotha iingcongconi
• Nxiba iimpahla eziwugubungela ngokupheleleyo umzimba wakho

Umkhuhlane wokopha kwitropiki obangelwa yintsholongwane yomkhuhlane omthubi

Amaziko oLawulo lweNtsholongwane kunye noThintelo lwewebhusayithi. Umkhuhlane omthubi. www.cdc.gov/yellowfever. Ukuhlaziywa ngoJanuwari 15, 2019. Ifikeleleke ngoDisemba 30, 2019.

Endy TP. Umkhuhlane wentsholongwane egazini. Ku: Ryan ET, Hill DR, Solomon T, Aronson NE, Endy TP, ii-eds. Unyango lweTropical Medicine kunye nezifo ezosulelayo. Ngomhla we-10. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 37.

UThomas SJ, Endy TP, uRothman AL, uBarrett AD. I-Flaviviruses (i-dengue, i-yellow fever, i-encephalitis yaseJapan, i-West Nile encephalitis, i-Usutu encephalitis, i-St. Encephalitis, i-encephalitis ehanjiswa ngamakhalane, isifo sehlathi lase-Kyasanur, i-Alkhurma fever, Zika). Ku: Bennett JE, Dolin R, Blaser MJ, ii-eds. Mandell, Douglas, kunye neBennett's Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases. Umhla we-9. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahl. 153.