IParainfluenza

I-Parainfluenza ibhekisa kwiqela leentsholongwane ezikhokelela kusulelo oluphezulu nolusezantsi lokuphefumla.

Zine iindidi zentsholongwane yeparainfluenza. Zonke zinokubangela usulelo olusezantsi okanye oluphezulu lokuphefumla kubantu abadala nasebantwaneni. Intsholongwane inokubangela i-croup, bronchiolitis, bronchitis kunye neentlobo ezithile zenyumoniya.

Inani elichanekileyo lamatyala eparainfluenza alaziwa. Inani likrokrelwa ukuba liphezulu kakhulu. Usulelo luxhaphake kakhulu ekwindla nasebusika. Usulelo lweParainfluenza lubukhali kakhulu kwiintsana kwaye luye lube nzima kakhulu kubudala. Ngexesha lokuhamba isikolo, uninzi lwabantwana sele bechaphazelekile kwintsholongwane yeparainfluenza. Uninzi lwabantu abadala banee-antibodies ezichasene ne-parainfluenza, nangona benokufumana ukuphindaphinda kosulelo.

Iimpawu ziyahluka ngokuxhomekeka kuhlobo losulelo. Iimpawu ezinje ngokubanda ezibandakanya impumlo kunye nokukhohlela kancinci ziqhelekile. Iimpawu zokuphefumla ezisongela ubomi zingabonakala kwiintsana ezincinci ezine-bronchiolitis kunye nezo zinamajoni omzimba abuthathaka.

Ngokubanzi, iimpawu zinokubandakanya:

• Umqala obuhkungu
• Ifiva
• Impumlo egudileyo okanye exineneyo
• Intlungu yesifuba, ukuphefumla kancinci, ukuvutha
• Ukukhwehlela okanye ukugungqa

Uvavanyo lomzimba lunokubonisa ukuthamba kwesono, amadlala adumbileyo, kunye nomqala obomvu. Umboneleli wezempilo uya kumamela imiphunga kunye nesifuba nge-stethoscope. Izandi ezingaqhelekanga, ezinje ngokuqhekeza okanye ukuvutha, zinokuviwa.

Uvavanyo olunokwenziwa lunokubandakanya:

• Iigesi zegazi
• Iinkcubeko zegazi (ukulawula ezinye izizathu zenyumoniya)
• I-x-ray yesifuba
• Ukuxilongwa kwe-CT kwesifuba
• Gcwalisa ubalo lwegazi (CBC)
• Swab yempumlo yovavanyo lwentsholongwane olukhawulezileyo

Akukho lonyango oluthile lonyango losulelo. Unyango oluthile luyafumaneka kwiimpawu ze-croup kunye ne-bronchiolitis ukwenza ukuphefumla kube lula.

Uninzi losuleleko kubantu abadala nasebantwaneni abadala luyaphila kwaye ukubuyela kwimeko yesiqhelo kwenzeka ngaphandle konyango, ngaphandle kokuba umntu mdala kakhulu okanye unamajoni omzimba angaqhelekanga. Ungenelelo lwezonyango lunokuba yimfuneko ukuba kukho ubunzima bokuphefumla.

Usulelo lwebacteria lwesibini zezona ngxaki zixhaphakileyo. Ukuthintelwa komoya kwi-croup kunye ne-bronchiolitis kunokuba nzima kwaye kusongele nobomi, ngakumbi kubantwana abancinci.

Fowunela umnikezeli wakho ukuba:

• Wena okanye umntwana wakho ukhula croup, ukuvutha, okanye naluphi na olunye uhlobo lobunzima bokuphefumla.
• Umntwana ongaphantsi kweenyanga ezili-18 uvelisa naluphi na uphawu oluphezulu lokuphefumla.

Akukho zitofu zokugonya zeparainfluenza. Amanyathelo ambalwa othintelo anokunceda ukubandakanya:

• Gwema izihlwele ukunciphisa umda ngexesha lokuqhambuka okuphezulu.
• Hlamba izandla zakho rhoqo.
• Nciphisa ukungabikho kwamaziko okugcina abantwana emini kunye neendawo zokugcina abantwana, ukuba kunokwenzeka.

Intsholongwane ye-parainfluenza virus; IiHIVIVs

Ison MG. Iintsholongwane zeParainfluenza. Ku: Bennett JE, Dolin R, Blaser MJ, ii-eds. Mandell, Douglas, kunye neBennett's Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases. Umhla we-9. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahl. 156.

Weinberg GA, Edwards KM. Isifo sentsholongwane seParainfluenza. Ku: IGoldman L, iSchafer AI, ii-eds. Amayeza eGoldman-Cecil. Ngomhla wama-26. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 339.

Isilumko Sr RC. Iintsholongwane zeParainfluenza. Ku: UCherry JD, uHarrison GJ, uKaplan SL, uSteinbach WJ, uHotez PJ, ii-eds. Incwadi kaFeigin kunye neCherry yezifo ezosulelayo zabantwana. Ngomhla we-8. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; I-2019: isahluko 179.