Uluhlu lweListeriosis

I-Listeriosis sisifo esinokubakho xa umntu esitya ukutya okungcoliswe yintsholongwane ebizwa ngokuba yi-bacteria IListeria monocytogenes (L monocytogenes).

Iibhaktheriya L monocytogenes ifumaneka kwizilwanyana zasendle, izilwanyana zasekhaya, nasemhlabeni nasemanzini. Ezi bhaktheriya zigulisa izilwanyana ezininzi, zikhokelela ekuphumleni nasekubelekeni kwezilwanyana zasekhaya.

Imifuno, inyama, kunye nokunye ukutya kunokusuleleka kwiibhaktheriya xa zidibana nomhlaba ongcolileyo okanye umgquba. Ubisi oluhlaza okanye iimveliso ezenziwe ngobisi oluhlaza zinokuthwala ezi bhaktiriya.

Ukuba utya iimveliso ezingcolileyo, unokugula. Aba bantu balandelayo basemngciphekweni owandayo:

• Abantu abadala abangaphezu kweminyaka engama-50
• Abantu abadala kunye amajoni omzimba buthathaka
• Ukuphuhlisa iimveku
• Iintsana
• Ukukhulelwa

Iibhaktheriya zihlala zibangela ukugula kwesisu. Ngamanye amaxesha, unokukhulisa usulelo lwegazi (septicemia) okanye ukudumba kwengubo yengqondo (meningitis). Iintsana nabantwana bahlala benesifo sokudumba kwenwebu yobuchopho.

Usulelo ekukhulelweni kwasekuqaleni kunokubangela ukuphuphuma kwesisu. Ibhaktheriya inokuwela i-placenta kwaye yosulele umntwana okhulayo. Usulelo emva kwexesha lokukhulelwa lusenokukhokelela ekuzaleni komntwana oswelekileyo okanye oswelekileyo kwiiyure nje ezimbalwa emva kokuzalwa. Phantse isiqingatha seentsana ezosuleleke ngokuzalwa okanye kufutshane nokuzalwa ziya kufa.

Kubantu abadala, esi sifo sinokuthatha iindlela ezininzi, kuxhomekeke ekubeni leliphi ilungu okanye iinkqubo zelungu elosulelekileyo. Inokwenzeka njenge:

• Usulelo lwentliziyo (endocarditis)
• Ubuchopho okanye usulelo lomgogodla (meningitis)
• Usulelo lwemiphunga (inyumoniya)
• Usulelo lwegazi (septicemia)
• Usulelo lwesisu (isisu)

Okanye inokwenzeka ngohlobo oluthambileyo njenge:

• Amathumba
• Ukudibana
• Isikhumba solusu

Kwiintsana, iimpawu zoluhlu lwe-listeriosis zinokubonwa kwiintsuku zokuqala zobomi kwaye zinokubandakanya:

• Ukuphelelwa ngumdla wokutya
• Ukuhamba
• I-jaundice
• Uxinzelelo lokuphefumla (ngesiqhelo inyumoniya)
• Umothuko
• Ukudumba kolusu
• Ukuhlanza

Uvavanyo lwelebhu lunokwenziwa ukufumana ibhakteria kwi-amniotic fluid, igazi, ilindle kunye nomchamo. Amanzi omqolo (cerebrospnial fluid okanye i-CSF) iya kwenziwa ukuba kwenziwa impompo yomqolo.

Amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane (kubandakanya i-ampicillin okanye i-trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole).

I-Listeriosis kwimveku okanye usana ihlala ibulala. Abantwana abadala kunye nabantu abadala abasempilweni kunokwenzeka ukuba basinde. Isigulo asikho nzulu ukuba sichaphazela kuphela inkqubo yesisu. Ubuchopho okanye usulelo lomqolo luneziphumo ezibi kakhulu.

Iintsana ezisinda kwilisteriosis zinokuba nengqondo yexesha elide kunye nenkqubo yemithambo-luvo (i-neurologic) yomonakalo kunye nokulibaziseka kophuhliso.

Fowunela umboneleli wakho wezempilo ukuba wena okanye umntwana wakho uvelisa iimpawu zoluhlu lwe-listeriosis.

Iimveliso zokutya zangaphandle, ezinje ngeeshizi ezithambileyo ezingasetyenziswanga, nazo zikhokelele kuqhambuko lwe-listeriosis. Soloko ukupheka kakuhle.

Hlamba izandla zakho kakuhle emva kokubamba izilwanyana zasekhaya, izilwanyana zasefama kunye nokuphatha ilindle.

Abafazi abakhulelweyo banokufuna ukutyelela iwebhusayithi yeCentre for Control and Prevention (CDC) ngolwazi malunga nokutya: www.cdc.gov/listeria/prevention.html

Usulelo Listerial; I-Granulomatosis infantisepticum; Uluhlu lwesifo esiswini

• Iintsholongwane

UJohnson JE, uMylonakis E. IListeria monocytogenes. Ku: Bennett JE, Dolin R, Blaser MJ, ii-eds. Mandell, Douglas, kunye neBennett's Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases. Umhla we-9. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 206.

UKollman TR, umthumeli weposi TL, uBortolussi R.Listeriosis. Ku: Wilson CB, Nizet V, Maldonado YA, Remington JS, Klein JO, ii-eds. Izifo ezosulelayo zosana olungekazalwa kunye nosana olusandul 'ukuzalwa u-Remington noKlein. Ngomhla we-8. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: isahluko 13.