I-Aneurysm kwingqondo

I-aneurysm yindawo ebuthathaka eludongeni lomthambo wegazi obangela ukuba isitya segazi sikhuphe ibhaluni ngaphandle. Xa i-aneurysm ivela kwisitya segazi sobuchopho, ibizwa ngokuba yi-cerebral, okanye i-intracranial, aneurysm.

Ii-Aneurysms kwingqondo zenzeka xa kukho indawo ebuthathaka eludongeni lomthambo wegazi. I-aneurysm inokubakho kwasekuzalweni (kokuzalwa). Okanye, inokukhula kamva ebomini.

Zininzi iintlobo ze-aneurysms yengqondo. Uhlobo oluqhelekileyo lubizwa ngokuba yi-aneurysm yeberry. Olu hlobo lungahluka ngokobungakanani ukusuka kwiimilimitha ezimbalwa ukuya ngaphezulu kweesentimitha. Ii-aneurysms zamaqunube amakhulu zinokuba nkulu kuneesentimitha ezi-2.5. Ezi zixhaphake kakhulu kubantu abadala. I-aneurysms zeberry, ngakumbi xa kukho ngaphezulu kwesinye, ngamanye amaxesha zidluliselwa kwiintsapho.

Ezinye iindidi ze-cerebral aneurysms zibandakanya ukwandiswa komthambo wegazi uphela. Okanye, banokubonakala njengebhaluni ngaphandle kwenxalenye yegazi. Ii-aneurysms ezinjalo zinokwenzeka nakowuphi na umthambo wegazi obonelela ngengqondo. Ukuqina kwemithambo (i-atherosclerosis), ukwenzakala, kunye nosulelo konke kunokulimaza udonga lwemithambo yegazi kwaye kubangele aneurysms yobuchopho.

Ii-aneurysms zengqondo ziqhelekile. Omnye kubantu abangama-50 une-aneurysm yengqondo, kodwa linani elincinci kuphela lale-aneurysms ebangela iimpawu okanye uqhekeko.

Izinto zomngcipheko zibandakanya:

• Imbali yosapho ye-aneurysms yobuchopho
• Iingxaki zonyango ezinje ngesifo sezintso se-polycystic, ukubola kwe-aorta, kunye ne-endocarditis
• Uxinzelelo lwegazi, ukutshaya, utywala, kunye nokusetyenziswa gwenxa kweziyobisi

Umntu unokuba ne-aneurysm ngaphandle kokuba abe nazimpawu. Olu hlobo lwe-aneurysm lunokufunyanwa xa iMRI okanye i-CT yokuskena kwengqondo kwenziwa esinye isizathu.

I-aneurysm yengqondo inokuqalisa ukuvuza inani elincinci legazi. Oku kunokubangela intloko ebuhlungu enokuthi umntu ayichaze njenge "eyona nto ibuhlungu ebomini bam." Ingabizwa ngokuba yindudumo okanye intloko yesentinel. Oku kuthetha ukuba intloko yesifo ingaba ngumqondiso wesilumkiso sokuphuka kwexesha elizayo elinokuthi lenzeke iintsuku ukuya kwiiveki emva kokuqala kwentloko.

Iimpawu zinokwenzeka kwakhona ukuba i-aneurysm ityhiliza izakhiwo ezikufutshane kwingqondo okanye ivuleke (ivuleke) kwaye ibangele ukopha kwingqondo.

Iimpawu zixhomekeka kwindawo ekuyo i-aneurysm, nokuba iyaqhekeka na, kwaye leliphi icandelo lobuchopho eliqhubela phambili. Iimpawu zingabandakanya:

• Umbono kabini
• Ukuphulukana nombono
• Intloko ebuhlungu
• Intlungu yamehlo
• Intlungu yomqala
• Intamo elukhuni
• Iyakhala ezindlebeni

Ngequbuliso, intloko ebukhali yenye yeempawu ze-aneurysm ethe yagqabhuka. Ezinye iimpawu zokuqhekeka kwe-aneurysm zinokubandakanya:

• Ukudideka, akukho mandla, ubuthongo, ubuthongo, okanye isiqaqa
• Ukujongwa kweenkophe
• Intloko ebangela isicaphucaphu okanye ukugabha
• Ubuthathaka bemisipha okanye ubunzima bokuhambisa naliphi na ilungu lomzimba
• Ukuba ndindisholo okanye ukuncipha kovakalelo nakweliphi na ilungu lomzimba
• Iingxaki zokuthetha
• Ukuxhuzula
• Intamo elukhuni (ngamanye amaxesha)
• Umbono utshintsho (umbono ophindwe kabini, ukulahleka kombono)
• Ukuphulukana nokuqonda

QAPHELA: I-aneurysm eqhekekileyo ingxamisekileyo kwezonyango. Tsalela u-911 okanye inombolo yakho yongxamiseko yasekuhlaleni.

Uvavanyo lwamehlo lunokubonisa iimpawu zoxinzelelo olwandayo kwingqondo, kubandakanya nokudumba kwethambo le-optic okanye ukopha kwi-retina yeliso. Uvavanyo lweklinikhi lunokubonisa ukuhamba kwamehlo okungaqhelekanga, intetho, amandla, okanye imvakalelo.

Olu vavanyo lulandelayo lunokusetyenziselwa ukufumanisa isifo se-cerebral aneurysm kunye nokumisela unobangela wokopha kwingqondo:

• I-Cerebral angiography okanye i-CT scan angiography (CTA) yentloko ukubonisa indawo kunye nobungakanani be-aneurysm
• Impompo yomqolo
• Ukuvavanywa kwentloko kwe-CT
• I-Electrocardiogram (ECG)
• I-MRI yentloko okanye i-MRI angiogram (MRA)

Iindlela ezimbini eziqhelekileyo zisetyenziselwa ukulungisa i-aneurysm.

• Ukunqaba kwenziwa ngexesha lotyando lobuchopho oluvulekileyo (craniotomy).
• Ukulungiswa kwe-Endovascular kwenziwa rhoqo. Ihlala ibandakanya i-coil okanye i-coil kunye ne-stenting. Le yeyona ndlela ingenasiphelo kwaye ixhaphakileyo yokunyanga ii-aneurysms.

Ayizizo zonke ii-aneurysms ekufuneka ziphathwe kwangoko. Ezo zincinci kakhulu (ngaphantsi kwe-3 mm) kunqabile ukuba zivuleke.

Umboneleli wakho wokhathalelo lwempilo uya kukunceda uthathe isigqibo sokuba ingaba kukhuselekile na ukwenza uqhaqho ukuvimba i-aneurysm ngaphambi kokuba ivuleke. Ngamanye amaxesha abantu bagula kakhulu ukuba bangahlinzwa, okanye kunokuba yingozi ukunyanga i-aneurysm ngenxa yendawo ekuyo.

I-aneurysm eqhekekileyo yingxakeko efuna ukunyangwa ngoko nangoko. Unyango lunokubandakanya:

• Ukwamkelwa kwigumbi labagula kakhulu esibhedlele (ICU)
• Gqibezela ukuphumla kokulala kunye nezithintelo zomsebenzi
• Umjelo wegazi ophuma kwindawo yengqondo (i-cerebral ventricular drainage)
• Amayeza okuthintela ukuxhuzula
• Amayeza okulawula iintloko kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi
• Amayeza kusetyenziswa umthambo (IV) ukuthintela usulelo

Nje ukuba i-aneurysm ilungiswe, unyango lunokufuneka ukuze kuthintelwe ukubetha okuphuma kwisitya segazi.

Wenza kakuhle kangakanani kuxhomekeke kwizinto ezininzi. Abantu abakwi-coma enzulu emva kokuqhekeka kwe-aneurysm abenzi njengabo baneempawu ezinzima.

Ukuqhekeka kwe-cerebral aneurysms kuhlala kubulala. Kwabo basindayo, abanye abanakukhubazeka ngokusisigxina. Abanye banokukhubazeka okuphakathi.

Iingxaki ze-aneurysm kwingqondo zinokubandakanya:

• Ukonyusa uxinzelelo ngaphakathi kokakayi
• IHydrocephalus, ebangelwa kukuqokelelana kolwelo lwe-cerebrospinal kwii-ventricles zobuchopho
• Ukuphulukana nentshukumo kwilungu elinye okanye angaphezulu omzimba
• Ukuphulukana nolwazelelelo lwalo naliphi na ilungu lobuso okanye lomzimba
• Ukuxhuzula
• Ukubetha
• Ukopha kwegazi kwangaphantsi kwentsholongwane

Yiya kwigumbi likaxakeka okanye fowunela i-911 okanye inombolo yakho yongxamiseko yangaphakathi ukuba unentloko ebuhlungu ngesiquphe okanye ebukhali, ngakumbi ukuba unesicaphucaphu, ukugabha, ukuxhuzula, okanye nayiphi na enye into ebonakalisa ugcino-luvo.

Fowunela kwakhona ukuba unentloko engaqhelekanga kuwe, ngakumbi ukuba ibuhlungu okanye ibuhlungu kakhulu.

Akukho ndlela yaziwayo yokuthintela i-aneurysm yequnube ukuba ingenzeki. Ukunyanga uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu kunokunciphisa ithuba lokuba i-aneurysm esele ikho iqhume. Ukulawula umngcipheko we-atherosclerosis kunokunciphisa ukubakho kwezinye iintlobo ze-aneurysms.

Abantu abaziwa ngokuba ne-aneurysm banokufuna ukutyelelwa rhoqo ngugqirha ukuqinisekisa ukuba i-aneurysm ayitshintshi ubungakanani okanye imilo.

Ukuba ii-aneurysms ezingaphazanyiswanga zifunyenwe ngexesha, zinokunyangwa ngaphambi kokubangela iingxaki okanye ukubekwa esweni ngemifanekiso eqhelekileyo (ngesiqhelo minyaka le).

Isigqibo sokulungisa isifo se-cerebral aneurysm sisekwe kubungakanani kunye nendawo ekuyo i-aneurysm, kunye nobudala bomntu kunye nempilo ngokubanzi.

I-Aneurysm - ubuchopho; I-aneurysm yobuchopho; I-Aneurysm - inyanzeliswa

• Ukulungiswa kwe-aneurysm yobuchopho-ukukhutshwa
• Intloko-yintoni ekufuneka ubuze ugqirha wakho

• I-aneurysm yeCerebral
• I-aneurysm yeCerebral

Iwebhusayithi yeAmerican Stroke Association. Into omele uyazi malunga ne-cerebral aneurysms. www. Ukuhlaziywa kweDisemba 5, 2018. Ifikeleleke ngo-Agasti 21, 2020.

IZiko leLizwe leengxaki zeNeological kunye newebhusayithi yeStroke. Iphepha lenyaniso le-aneereysms. www.ninds.nih.gov/Disorders/Patient-Caregiver-Education/Fact-Sheets/Cerebral-Aneurysms-Fact-Sheet. Ukuhlaziywa ngo-Matshi 13, 2020. Ifikeleleke ngo-Agasti 21, 2020.

I-Szeder V, iTateshima S, iDuckwiler GR. I-intracranial aneurysms kunye ne-subarachnoid hemorrhage. Ku: Daroff RB, Jankovic J, Mazziotta JC, Pomeroy SL, ii-eds. I-Neurology kaBradley kwiKlinikhi yokuziqhelanisa. Umhla wesi-7. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: isahluko 67.

UThompson BG, uBrown RD Jr, uAmin-Hanjani S, et al. Izikhokelo kulawulo lwezigulana ezine-aneurysms ezingenakuphazanyiswa: isikhokelo seengcali kwezempilo ezivela kwiAmerican Heart Association / American Stroke Association. Ukubetha. Ngo-2015: 46 (8): 2368-2400. IINKCUKACHA: 26089327 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26089327/.