Isithintelo sokukhula kwangaphakathi

Isithintelo sokukhula kwangaphakathi (IUGR) sibhekisa ekukhuleni okungalunganga komntwana ngelixa esesiswini sikanina ngexesha lokukhulelwa.

Izinto ezininzi ezahlukeneyo zingakhokelela kwi-IUGR. Usana olungekazalwa alunakufumana i-oksijini eyaneleyo kunye nesondlo kwi-placenta ngexesha lokukhulelwa ngenxa:

• Iindawo eziphakamileyo
• Ukukhulelwa okuninzi, njengamawele okanye kathathu
• Iingxaki zeplacenta
• Preeclampsia okanye eclampsia

Iingxaki xa uzalwa (ukuzalwa okungaqhelekanga) okanye iingxaki ze-chromosome zihlala zinxulunyaniswa nobunzima obungaphantsi kwesiqhelo. Usulelo ngexesha lokukhulelwa lunokuchaphazela ubunzima bomntwana okhulayo. Oku kubandakanya:

• Cytomegalovirus
• URubella
• Igcushuwa
• Toxoplasmosis

Izinto ezinobungozi kumama ezinokuthi zibe negalelo kwi-IUGR zibandakanya:

• Ukusetyenziswa gwenxa kotywala
• Ukutshaya
• Iziyobisi
• Ukuphazamiseka kokuvala
• Uxinzelelo lwegazi okanye isifo sentliziyo
• Seswekile
• Isifo sezintso
• Ukungondleki
• Esinye isifo esinganyangekiyo

Ukuba umama mncinci, kunokuba yinto eqhelekileyo ukuba umntwana wakhe abe mncinci, kodwa oku akubangelwa yi-IUGR.

Kuxhomekeke kwisizathu se-IUGR, usana olusakhulayo lunokuba lincinci yonke indawo. Okanye, intloko yosana inokuba sisiqhelo xa umzimba uphela umncinci.

Umfazi okhulelweyo unokuziva ukuba umntwana wakhe akakho mkhulu njengoko kufanelekile. Umlinganiso osuka kwithambo likamama le-pubic ukuya phezulu kwisibeleko uya kuba mncinci kunokuba bekulindelwe kwiminyaka yokukhulelwa komntwana. Lo mlinganiselo ubizwa ngokuba bubude bengxowa mali yesibeleko.

IUGR inokukrokrelwa ukuba ubungakanani besibeleko somfazi okhulelweyo buncinci. Imeko ihlala iqinisekiswa yi-ultrasound.

Iimvavanyo ezingaphezulu zinokufuneka ukukhusela usulelo okanye iingxaki zemfuzo ukuba ikrokrelwa i-IUGR.

IUGR inyusa umngcipheko wokuba umntwana asweleke esibelekweni ngaphambi kokuzalwa. Ukuba umboneleli wakho wezempilo ucinga ukuba unokuba une-IUGR, uya kujongwa ngeliso elibukhali. Oku kuyakubandakanya ukukhulelwa okuqhelekileyo kokulinganisa ukukhula komntwana, ukuhamba, ukuhamba kwegazi, kunye nolwelo olujikeleze umntwana.

Ukuvavanywa kokungabikho koxinzelelo kuya kwenziwa. Oku kubandakanya ukumamela ukubetha kwentliziyo yosana kangangesithuba semizuzu engama-20 ukuya kwengama-30.

Ngokuxhomekeka kwiziphumo zolu vavanyo, umntwana wakho unokufuna ukuba aziswe kwangoko.

Emva kokubeleka, ukukhula nosana olusandul 'ukuzalwa kunye nokukhula kuxhomekeke kubukhali kunye nesizathu se-IUGR. Xoxa ngombono wosana kunye nababoneleli bakho.

IUGR yonyusa umngcipheko wokukhulelwa kunye nosana olusanda kuzalwa, kuxhomekeka kwisizathu. Iintsana ekukhuleni kwazo kuthintelwe zihlala zixinezeleka ngakumbi ngexesha lomsebenzi kwaye zifuna ukuhanjiswa kwecandelo le-C.

Nxibelelana nomboneleli wakho kwangoko ukuba ukhulelwe kwaye uqaphele ukuba umntwana uhamba kancinci kunesiqhelo.

Emva kokubeleka, biza umboneleli wakho ukuba usana lwakho okanye umntwana akabonakali ekhula okanye ekhula ngesiqhelo.

Ukulandela ezi zikhokelo kuya kunceda ukukhusela i-IUGR:

• Musa ukusela utywala, ukutshaya, okanye ukusebenzisa iziyobisi zokuzonwabisa.
• Yitya ukutya okusempilweni.
• Fumana unonophelo lwaphambi kokubeleka.
• Ukuba unesifo esinganyangekiyo okanye uthatha amayeza rhoqo, jonga umboneleli wakho ngaphambi kokuba ukhulelwe. Oku kunokunceda ukunciphisa umngcipheko wokukhulelwa kwakho kunye nosana.

Ukudodobala kokukhula kwangaphakathi; IUGR; Ukukhulelwa - IUGR

• I-Ultrasound, isisu esiqhelekileyo - imilinganiselo yesisu
• I-Ultrasound, umbungu oqhelekileyo - ingalo kunye nemilenze
• I-Ultrasound, umbungu oqhelekileyo - ubuso
• I-Ultrasound, usana oluqhelekileyo-imilinganiselo ye-femur
• I-Ultrasound, umbungu oqhelekileyo - unyawo
• I-Ultrasound, eqhelekileyo imilinganiselo yemveku engekazalwa
• I-Ultrasound, umbungu oqhelekileyo - iingalo kunye nemilenze
• I-Ultrasound, umbungu oqhelekileyo womntwana - umbono weprofayili
• I-Ultrasound, umbungu oqhelekileyo - umqolo kunye neembambo
• I-Ultrasound, umbungu oqhelekileyo - ii-ventricles zobuchopho

I-Baschat AA, kunye neGgal HL. Isithintelo sokukhula kwangaphakathi. Ku: Gabbe SG, Niebyl JR, Simpson JL, et al, ii-eds. I-Obstetrics: Ukukhulelwa okuqhelekileyo kunye neengxaki. Umhla wesi-7. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; I-2017: isahluko 33.

UCarlo WA. Usana olunomngcipheko ophezulu. Ku: Kliegman RM, Stanton BF, St Geme JW, Schor NF, ii-eds. Incwadi kaNelson yeNcwadi yePediatrics. Umhla we-20. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; Ngo-2016: isahluko 97.