Ukuphazamiseka ngokuchaseneyo

Ukuphazamiseka okuchasayo kuyindlela yokungathobeli, enobutshaba, kunye nokuziphatha okuchasayo kumanani egunya.

Esi sifo sixhaphake kakhulu kubafana kunamantombazana. Olunye uphononongo lubonakalisile ukuba ichaphazela iipesenti ezingama-20 zabantwana abakwiminyaka yokuhamba isikolo. Nangona kunjalo, uninzi lweengcali zikholelwa ukuba eli nani liphezulu ngenxa yokutshintsha kweenkcazo zokuziphatha komntwana okuqhelekileyo. Isenokuba nobuhlanga, inkcubeko kunye nesini.

Oku kuziphatha kuqala ngobudala 8. Nangona kunjalo, ingaqala kwangoko kwiminyaka yesikolo sabantwana abasaqalayo. Esi sifo sicingelwa ukuba sibangelwa kukudibana kwezinto eziphilayo, ezengqondo nezentlalo.

Iimpawu zibandakanya:

• Ngokufanelekileyo ayilandeli izicelo zabantu abadala
• Unomsindo kunye nengqumbo yabanye
• Iimpikiswano nabantu abadala
• Utyhola abanye ngeempazamo zakhe
• Unabahlobo abambalwa okanye akanabo okanye uphulukene nabahlobo
• Ngaba uhlala unengxaki esikolweni
• Uphelelwa ngumsindo
• Inoburharha okanye ifuna ukuziphindezela
• Ngaba uyachukumisa okanye uyacaphuka msinya

Ukulungela esi sifo, iphethini kufuneka ihlale iinyanga ezi-6 ubuncinci kwaye kufuneka ibe ngaphezu kokuziphatha gwenxa komntwana.

Iphethini yokuziphatha kufuneka yahluke kuleyo yabanye abantwana abakwiminyaka efanayo kunye nenqanaba lokukhula. Ukuziphatha kufuneka kukhokelele kwiingxaki ezibalulekileyo esikolweni okanye kwimisebenzi yasekuhlaleni.

Abantwana abaneempawu zokuphazamiseka kufuneka bavavanywe ngugqirha wezifo zengqondo okanye ngengqondo. Kubantwana nakwishumi elivisayo, le meko ilandelayo inokubangela iingxaki zokuziphatha ezifanayo kwaye kufuneka ithathelwe ingqalelo njengamathuba:

• Ukuxhalaba
• Ukuqwalaselwa-ukusilela / ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo (ADHD)
• Ukuxhuzula
• Uxinzelelo
• Iingxaki zokufunda
• Ukuphazamiseka kweziyobisi

Olona nyango lulungileyo lomntwana kukuthetha nengcali yezempilo yengqondo kumntu ngamnye kunye nonyango losapho. Abazali kufuneka bafunde nendlela yokulawula indlela yokuziphatha komntwana.

Amayeza anokuba luncedo, ngakumbi ukuba indlela yokuziphatha ivele njengenxalenye yenye imeko (enje ngokudakumba, isifo sengqondo sabantwana, okanye i-ADHD).

Abanye abantwana basabela kakuhle kunyango, ngelixa abanye bengasabeli.

Kwiimeko ezininzi, abantwana abanengxaki yokuchasana nengxaki yokuchasana nokukhula banesifo sokuziphatha njengolutsha okanye abantu abadala. Ngamanye amaxesha, abantwana banokukhula babe nengxaki yokungafani noluntu.

Tsalela umnxeba umboneleli wakho ukuba unenkxalabo malunga nokukhula komntwana wakho okanye indlela aziphethe ngayo.

Ungaguquguquki kwimithetho nakwiziphumo ekhaya. Sukwenza ukuba izohlwayo ziqine kakhulu okanye azingqinelani.

Umzekelo wokuziphatha okufanelekileyo komntwana wakho. Ukuphathwa gadalala kunye nokungahoywa kwandisa amathuba okuba le meko yenzeke.

Umbutho weAmerican Psychiatric Association iwebhusayithi. Ukuphazamisa, ukulawula impembelelo, kunye nokuphazamiseka kokuziphatha. Ku: Umbutho wezengqondo zaseMelika. Unyango woNyango kunye neNgcaciso yeNcwadi yokuPhazamiseka kwengqondo. Umhla we-5. IArlington, VA: Ukupapashwa kwengqondo yaseMelika. Ngo-2013: 461-480.

I-Moser SE, iNetson KL. Iingxaki zokuziphatha kubantwana nakwishumi elivisayo. Ku: Rakel RE, Rakel DP, ii-eds. Incwadi yesikhokelo samayeza osapho. Umhla we-9. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; I-2016: isahluko 23.

UWalter HJ, uDeMaso DR. Ukuphazamisa, ukulawula impembelelo, kunye nokuphazamiseka kokuziphatha. Ku: Kliegman RM, St Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, ii-eds. Incwadi kaNelson yeNcwadi yePediatrics. Umhla wama-21. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 42.