UPertussis

I-Pertussis sisifo esosulelayo esosulelayo esibangela ukukhohlela okungalawulekiyo. Ukukhohlela kungenza kube nzima ukuphefumla. Isandi esinzulu se "whooping" sidla ngokuviwa xa umntu ezama ukuphefumla.

I-Pertussis, okanye ukukhwehlela, sisifo esiphezulu sokuphefumula. Kubangelwa yi IBordetella pertussis iintsholongwane. Sisifo esibi esinokuchaphazela abantu nabuphi na ubudala kwaye sibangele ukukhubazeka okusisigxina kwiintsana, nkqu nokufa.

Xa umntu osulelekileyo ethimla okanye ekhohlela, amathontsi amancinci aneebhaktiriya ahamba emoyeni. Esi sifo sisasazeka ngokulula ukusuka komnye umntu ukuya komnye.

Iimpawu zosulelo zihlala zihlala kwiiveki ezi-6, kodwa zinokuhlala iiveki ezilishumi.

Iimpawu zokuqala ziyafana nokubanda okuqhelekileyo. Kwiimeko ezininzi, zikhula malunga neveki emva kokuvezwa ziintsholongwane.

Iziqendu ezinzima zokukhohlela ziqala malunga neentsuku ezili-10 ukuya kwezi-12 kamva. Kwiintsana nabantwana abancinci, ukukhwehlela ngamanye amaxesha kuye kuphele ngengxolo "whoop". Isandi siveliswa xa umntu ezama ukuphefumla. Ingxolo yehip inqabile kwiintsana ezingaphantsi kweenyanga ezi-6 ubudala nakubantwana abadala okanye kubantu abadala.

Ukukhohlela kungakhokelela ekugabheni okanye kwilahleko emfutshane yokuqonda. I-Pertussis kufuneka ihlale ithathelwa ingqalelo xa ukugabha kwenzeka ngokukhohlela. Kwiintsana, ukukrwitshwa kwamaxesha kunye nokuphumla okude ekuphefumleni kuyinto eqhelekileyo.

Ezinye iimpawu ze-pertussis zibandakanya:

• Impumlo enemifinya
• Umkhuhlane omncinci, 102 ° F (38.9 ° C) okanye ezantsi
• Urhudo

Ukuxilongwa kokuqala kuhlala kusekelwe kwiimpawu. Nangona kunjalo, xa iimpawu zingabonakali, i-pertussis inokuba nzima ukuyifumanisa. Kwiintsana ezincinci kakhulu, iimpawu zinokubangelwa yinyumoniya endaweni yoko.

Ukwazi ngokuqinisekileyo, umboneleli wezempilo unokuthatha isampuli yencindi kwimfihlo yempumlo. Isampulu ithunyelwa kwilebhu kwaye ivavanyelwe i-pertussis. Ngelixa oku kunokunikezela ngoxilongo oluchanekileyo, uvavanyo luthatha ixesha. Uninzi lwexesha, unyango luqaliswa ngaphambi kokuba iziphumo zilungile.

Abanye abantu banokuba nenani elipheleleyo legazi elibonisa inani elikhulu lee-lymphocyte.

Ukuba iqale kwangexesha ngokwaneleyo, amayeza okubulala iintsholongwane afana ne-erythromycin angenza ukuba iimpawu zihambe ngokukhawuleza. Ngelishwa, uninzi lwabantu lufunyaniswa emva kwexesha, xa ii-antibiotics zingasebenzi kakuhle. Nangona kunjalo, amayeza anokunceda ukunciphisa amandla omntu okusasaza esi sifo kwabanye.

Iintsana ezingaphantsi kweenyanga ezili-18 zifuna ukubekwa esweni rhoqo ngenxa yokuba ukuphefumla kunokuyeka okwethutyana ngexesha lokukhohlela. Iintsana ezinamatyala amandundu kufuneka ziye esibhedlele.

Intente yeoksijini enomswakama ophezulu inokusetyenziswa.

Ulwelo lunokunikezelwa ngomthambo ukuba ukukhohlela kukho nzima ngokwaneleyo ukuthintela umntu ekuseleni ulwelo olwaneleyo.

Amayeza (amayeza okwenza ulale) anokumiselwa abantwana abancinci.

Imixube yokukhohlela, ii-expectorants, kunye noxinzelelo zihlala zingancedi. La mayeza AKUFANELE asetyenziswe.

Kubantwana abadala, umbono uhlala ulungile kakhulu. Iintsana zinomngcipheko omkhulu wokufa, kwaye zifuna ukubekwa esweni ngononophelo.

Iingxaki zinokubandakanya:

• Ukukrala kwemiphunga
• Ukuxhuzula
• Ukuphazamiseka (ngokusisigxina)
• Iimpumlo
• Usulelo lwendlebe
• Ukonakala kobuchopho kukuswela ioksijini
• Ukopha ebuchotsheni (ukopha ebuchotsheni)
• Ukukhubazeka kwengqondo
• Ukunciphisa okanye ukuyeka ukuphefumla (i-apnea)
• Ukufa

Shayela umnikezeli wakho ukuba wena okanye umntwana wakho uvelisa iimpawu ze-pertussis.

Tsalela umnxeba ku-911 okanye uye kwigumbi likaxakeka ukuba umntu unazo ezi mpawu zilandelayo:

• Umbala wolusu oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, obonisa ukungabikho kweoksijini
• Amaxesha okuphefumla okuphefumlayo (i-apnea)
• Ukuxhuzula okanye ukuxhuzula
• Umkhuhlane ophezulu
• Ukuhlanza okungapheliyo
• Ukuphelelwa ngamanzi emzimbeni

Ukugonywa kwe-DTaP, olunye logonyo olucetyiswayo lwabantwana, lukhusela abantwana kusulelo lwe-pertussis. Ugonyo lwe-DTaP lunokunikwa ngokukhuselekileyo kwiintsana. Ziyacetyiswa izitofu ezintlanu ze-DTaP. Zihlala zinikwa abantwana kwiinyanga ezi-2, iinyanga ezi-4, iinyanga ezi-6, iinyanga ezili-15 ukuya kwezi-18, kunye neminyaka emi-4 ukuya kwezi-6.

Isitofu sokugonya se-TdaP kufuneka sinikezwe xa sineminyaka eli-11 okanye eli-12 ubudala.

Ngexesha lokuqhambuka kwesifo esibuhlungu, abantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka esi-7 abangagonywanga akufuneki baye esikolweni okanye kwindibano zoluntu. Kuya kufuneka ukuba babekelwe bucala nakubani na owaziwayo okanye orhanelwa ukuba wosulelekile. Oku kuya kuhlala kude kube ziintsuku ezili-14 emva kwetyala lokugqibela elixeliweyo.

Kukwacetyiswa ukuba abantu abadala abaneminyaka eli-19 nangaphezulu bafumane idosi e-1 yokugonya i-TdaP ngokuchasene ne-pertussis.

I-TdaP ibaluleke kakhulu kubaqeqeshi bezempilo kunye nabani na onxibelelana ngokusondeleyo nomntwana ongaphantsi kweenyanga ezili-12 ubudala.

Abafazi abakhulelweyo kufuneka bafumane idosi ye-TdaP ngexesha lonke lokukhulelwa phakathi kweeveki ezingama-27 ukuya kwezingama-36 zokukhulelwa, ukukhusela usana olusanda kuzalwa kwi-pertussis.

Umkhuhlane ohambayo

• Isishwankathelo senkqubo yokuphefumla

I-Kim DK, iKomiti yeNgcebiso kaHunter P. yeeNkqubo zokuGonyo icebisa ishedyuli yokugonywa kwabantu abadala abaneminyaka eyi-19 okanye ngaphezulu-eUnited States, 2019. MMWR Mntundini wokufa Wkly Rep. 2019; 68 (5): 115-118. IINKCUKACHA: 30730868 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30730868.

URobinson CL, uBernstein H, uRomero JR, uSzilagyi P; IKomiti yeNgcebiso ngeZenzo zoGonyo (i-ACIP) yeQela loMsebenzi waBantwana / labaFikisayo. IKomiti yeeNgcebiso kwiinkqubo zokuGonywa icebisa ishedyuli yokugonywa kwabantwana nakwishumi elivisayo abaneminyaka eli-18 nangaphantsi-eUnited States, 2019. MMWR Mntundini wokufa Wkly Rep. Ngo-2019; 68 (5): 112-114. IINKCUKACHA: 30730870 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30730870.

I-Souder E, i-SS ende. Pertussis (IBordetella pertussis kunye neBordetella parapertussis). Ku: Kliegman RM, St Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, ii-eds. Incwadi kaNelson yeNcwadi yePediatrics. Umhla wama-21. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 224.

Amaziko eMelika oLawulo lweNtsholongwane kunye noThintelo lwewebhusayithi. Isiteyitimenti solwazi lwe-Vaccine: I-Tdap vaccine (tetanus, diphtheria and pertussis). www.cdc.gov/vaccines/hcp/vis/vis-statement/tdap.pdf. Ukuhlaziywa ngoFebruwari 24, 2015. Ifikeleleke ngoSeptemba 5, 2019.