Ukhathalelo lwempilo emngciphekweni

Abantwana abakumaziko okhathalelo lwemini kunokwenzeka ukuba babambe ukosuleleka kunabantwana abangahambiyo. Abantwana abaya kwindawo yokhathalelo bahlala behleli nabanye abantwana abanokugula. Nangona kunjalo, ukuba phakathi kwenani elikhulu leentsholongwane kwindawo yokhathalelo lwemihla kunokuyiphucula inkqubo yomzimba yokuzikhusela yomntwana wakho ekuhambeni kwexesha.

Usulelo lusasazeka kakhulu ngabantwana ngokubeka iithoyi ezimdaka emilonyeni yabo. Ke, jonga iindlela zokucoca kukhathalelo lwakho. Fundisa umntwana wakho ukuhlamba izandla phambi kokuba atye naxa sele evela kwindlu yangasese. Gcina abantwana bakho ekhaya ukuba bayagula.

IZIFO NEZIGULO

Urhudo kunye negastroenteritis ziqhelekile kumaziko okugcina abantwana. Ezi zifo zibangela ukugabha, urhudo, okanye zombini.

• Usulelo lusasazeka ngokulula ukusuka kumntwana kuye emntwaneni okanye ukusuka kumongi kumntwana. Kuqhelekile phakathi kwabantwana kuba kunqabile ukuba bahlambe izandla emva kokusebenzisa indlu yangasese.
• Abantwana abaya kunonophelo lwasemini nabo banokufumana i-giardiasis, ebangelwa sisidleleli. Olu sulelo lubangela urhudo, isisu kunye negesi.

Usulelo lwendlebe, ukubanda, ukukhohlela, umqala obuhlungu, kunye neempumlo ezihambisayo ziqhelekile kubo bonke abantwana, ngakumbi kwindawo yokugcina abantwana.

Abantwana abazimasa ukukhathalela abantwana basemngciphekweni wokufumana i-hepatitis A. I-Hepatitis A kukucaphuka kunye nokudumba (ukudumba) kwesibindi okubangelwa yintsholongwane ye-hepatitis A.

• Isasazwa kukungabikho kokuhlamba izandla emva kokuya kwindlu yangasese okanye ukutshintsha ilweyile, emva koko ulungiselele ukutya.
• Ukongeza kukuhlamba izandla, abasebenzi benkathalelo yabantwana kunye nabantwana kufuneka bafumane iyeza lokugonya i-hepatitis A.

Usulelo lwe-Bug (parasite), ezinjengeentwala zentloko kunye ukhwekhwe zezinye iingxaki eziqhelekileyo zempilo ezenzeka kumaziko okugcina abantwana.

Ungenza izinto ezininzi ukugcina umntwana wakho ekhuselekile kwizifo. Enye kukugcina umntwana wakho esexesheni ngogonyo oluqhelekileyo (ukugonywa) ukuthintela usulelo oluqhelekileyo nolubi:

• Ukubona izindululo zangoku, ndwendwela iZiko loLawulo lweZifo kunye noThintelo lweZifo (CDC) - www.cdc.gov/vaccines. Lonke utyelelo lukagqirha, buza malunga nezitofu zokugonya ezilandelayo.
• Qinisekisa ukuba umntwana wakho uphethwe ngumkhuhlane minyaka le emva kweminyaka yeenyanga ezi-6.

Iziko lokhathalelo lwemini lomntwana wakho kufuneka libe nemigaqo-nkqubo yokunceda ukuthintela ukusasazeka kweentsholongwane kunye nosulelo. Cela ukubona le migaqo-nkqubo ngaphambi kokuba umntwana wakho aqale. Abasebenzi bendawo yokugcina abantwana kufuneka baqeqeshwe ngendlela yokulandela le migaqo-nkqubo. Ukongeza kukuhlamba izandla ngokufanelekileyo imini yonke, imigaqo-nkqubo ebalulekileyo ibandakanya:

• Ukulungiselela ukutya kunye nokutshintsha amanabukeni kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo
• Ukuqinisekisa ukuba abasebenzi banonophelo lwasemini kunye nabantwana abazimasa olu khathalelo banogonyo oluhlaziyiweyo
• Imithetho emalunga nokuba abantwana mabahlale nini emakhaya xa begula

XA UMNTWANA WAKHO ENengxaki YEMPILO

Abasebenzi banokufuna ukwazi:

• Ungawanika njani amayeza kwiimeko ezifana nesifuba
• Ungakuphepha njani ukungabikho komzimba kunye nezinto ezibangela isifuba
• Ungazikhathalela njani iimeko ezahlukeneyo zolusu
• Ukwazi njani ukuba ingxaki yonyango engapheliyo iya isiba mandundu
• Izinto ezinokuthi zingakhuseleki emntwaneni
• Ungaqhagamshelana njani nomboneleli wezempilo womntwana wakho

Unokukunceda ngokwenza isicwangciso sokwenza kunye nomboneleli wakho kwaye uqinisekise ukuba abasebenzi bakho abanonophela abantwana bayayazi ukuba bayilandele njani na.

IAmerican Academy yePediatrics iwebhusayithi. Ukunciphisa ukusasazeka kokugula kukhathalelo lwabantwana. www.healthychildren.org/NgesiNgesi/health-issues/conditions/prevention/Pages/Prevention-In-Child-Care-or-School.aspx. Ukuhlaziywa ngoJanuwari 10, 2017. Kufikeleleke ngoNovemba 20, 2018.

I-Sosinsky LS, iGilliam WS. Ukunyamekelwa kwabantwana: oogqirha babantwana banokubaxhasa njani abantwana kunye neentsapho. Ku: Kliegman RM, Stanton BF, St Geme JW, Schor NF, ii-eds. Incwadi kaNelson yeNcwadi yePediatrics. Umhla we-20. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: isahluko 17.

Umthombo weWagoner-Fountain LA. Ukunyamekelwa kwabantwana nezifo ezosulelayo. Ku: Kliegman RM, Stanton BF, St Geme JW, Schor NF, ii-eds. Incwadi kaNelson yeNcwadi yePediatrics. Umhla we-20. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; Ngo-2016: isahluko 174.