Ingxelo yophuhliso

Amanqanaba okuphuhliswa kukuziphatha okanye izakhono zomzimba ezibonwayo kwiintsana nasebantwaneni njengoko bekhula kwaye bekhula. Ukuziqengqa, ukukhasa, ukuhamba, nokuthetha zonke ziqwalaselwa njengemayile. Amanqwanqwa ohlukeneyo kuluhlu lweminyaka nganye.

Kukho uluhlu oluqhelekileyo apho umntwana anokufikelela khona kwinqanaba ngalinye. Umzekelo, ukuhamba kungaqala kwangoko kwiinyanga ezisi-8 kwabanye abantwana. Abanye bahamba emva kweenyanga ezili-18 kwaye kusathathwa njengesiqhelo.

Esinye sezizathu zokutyelela umntwana kakuhle kumboneleli wezempilo kwiminyaka yokuqala kukulandela ukukhula komntwana wakho. Uninzi lwabazali bajonge amanyathelo ohlukeneyo. Thetha nomboneleli wakho womntwana ukuba unenkxalabo malunga nokukhula komntwana wakho.

Ukujonga kufutshane "uluhlu lokutshekisha" okanye ikhalenda yamanqanaba ophuhliso anokuphazamisa abazali xa umntwana wabo engakhuli kakuhle. Kwangelo xesha, amanyathelo anokunceda ekuchongeni umntwana ofuna ukujongwa ngakumbi. Uphando lubonakalisile ukuba kwangoko iinkonzo zophuhliso ziqalisiwe, kokukhona iziphumo zingcono. Imizekelo yeenkonzo zophuhliso zibandakanya: unyango lwentetho, unyango lomzimba, kunye nophuhliso lwezikolo zasesikolweni.

Apha ngezantsi kukho uluhlu lwezinto onokuzibona zisenziwa ngabantwana kwiminyaka eyahlukeneyo. Oku AKUKHO zikhokelo zichanekileyo. Zininzi iindlela eziqhelekileyo kunye neendlela zophuhliso.

Ukuzalwa komntwana unyaka omnye

• Uyakwazi ukusela kwindebe
• Uyakwazi ukuhlala wedwa, ngaphandle kwenkxaso
• Babbles
• Ibonisa uncumo lwasentlalweni
• Ufumana izinyo lokuqala
• Idlala i-peek-a-boo
• Ukutsala ubume bakho bokuma
• Ukuziqengqa ngokwakho
• Utsho umama nodade, basebenzise amagama ngokufanelekileyo
• Uyayiqonda "HAYI" kwaye uza kuyeka ukusebenza ngokuphendula
• Uhamba ngelixa ubambe ifenitshala okanye enye inkxaso

Umntwana omncinci - 1 ukuya kwiminyaka emi-3

• Uyakwazi ukuzondla ngokucocekileyo, ngaphandle kokuchitheka okuncinci
• Uyakwazi ukuzoba umgca (xa ubonisiwe)
• Uyakwazi ukuqhuba, ujikeleze, kwaye uhambe umva
• Unako ukubiza igama kunye nefani yokugqibela
• Unako ukuhamba unyuka usihla ngezinyuko
• Uqala ukukhuhla ibhayisikile enamavili amathathu
• Ungabeka amagama ezinto eziqhelekileyo kwaye walathe kumalungu omzimba
• Ukunxiba ngokwakho ngoncedo oluncinci kuphela
• Ukulinganisa intetho yabanye, "ungqinela" igama libuyele umva
• Ufunda ukwabelana ngeethoyi (ngaphandle kolwalathiso lwabantu abadala)
• Ufunda ukutshintshana (ukuba uyalelwe) ngelixa edlala nabanye abantwana
• IiMasters zihamba
• Uyaqaphela kwaye ulebhelisha imibala ngokufanelekileyo
• Uyaqonda umahluko phakathi kwamadoda nabasetyhini
• Sebenzisa amanye amagama kwaye uqonde imiyalelo elula
• Sebenzisa icephe ukondla ngokwakho

Ofunda esikolweni - iminyaka emi-3 ukuya kwezi-6

• Uyakwazi ukuzoba isangqa kunye nesikwere
• Uyakwazi ukuzoba amanani entonga aneempawu ezimbini ukuya kwezintathu zabantu
• Uyakwazi ukutsiba
• Ibhalansi engcono, ingaqala ukukhwela ibhayisekile
• Uqala ukuqonda amagama abhaliweyo, ukuqala kwezakhono zokufunda
• Ukubamba ibhola ebunileyo
• Uyakonwabela ukwenza izinto ezininzi ngokuzimeleyo, ngaphandle koncedo
• Uthanda izicengcelezo kunye nokudlala ngamagama
• Iihops ngonyawo olunye
• Uhamba kakuhle ngebhayisikile enamavili amathathu
• Uqala isikolo
• Ukuqonda ubungakanani bentsingiselo
• Ukuqonda iikhonsepthi zexesha

Umntwana ofunda esikolweni - iminyaka emi-6 ukuya kweli-12

• Uqala ukufumana izakhono kwimidlalo yeqela efana nebhola ekhatywayo, iT-ball, okanye elinye iqela lezemidlalo
• Iqala ukuphulukana namazinyo "abantwana" kwaye ufumane amazinyo asisigxina
• Amantombazana aqala ukubonisa ukukhula kwekhwapha kunye neenwele zasesidlangalaleni, ukukhula kwamabele
• Ukuya exesheni (ixesha lokuqala lokuya exesheni) kunokwenzeka kumantombazana
• Ukuqwalaselwa koontanga kuqala ukuba kubalulekile
• Izakhono zokufunda ziyakhula
• Iindlela ezibalulekileyo kwimisebenzi yasemini
• Uyaqonda kwaye uyakwazi ukulandela iindlela ezininzi ngokulandelelana

Ukufikisa - iminyaka eli-12 ukuya kweli-18

• Ukuphakama kwabantu abadala, ubunzima, ukukhula ngokwesondo
• Amakhwenkwe abonisa ukukhula kwekhwapha, isifuba, kunye neenwele zasesidlangalaleni; Ukutshintsha kwelizwi; namasende / incanca yandisa
• Amantombazana abonisa ukukhula kwekhwapha kunye neenwele zasesidlangalaleni; ukukhula amabele; Ukuya exesheni kuyaqala
• Ukwamkelwa koontanga nokwamkelwa kubaluleke kakhulu
• Uyayiqonda imixholo engaqondakaliyo

Izihloko ezihambelanayo zibandakanya:

• Ingxelo yophuhliso - iinyanga ezimbini
• Ingxelo yophuhliso - iinyanga ezi-4
• Ingxelo yophuhliso - iinyanga ezi-6
• Ingxelo yophuhliso - iinyanga ezili-9
• Ingxelo yophuhliso - iinyanga ezili-12
• Ingxelo yophuhliso - iinyanga ezili-18
• Ingxelo yophuhliso lweminyaka emi-2
• Ingxelo yophuhliso lweminyaka emi-3
• Ingxelo yophuhliso lweminyaka emi-4
• Ingxelo yophuhliso lweminyaka emi-5

Amanqanaba okukhula kwabantwana; Amanqanaba okukhula okuqhelekileyo abantwana; Amanqanaba okukhula komntwana

• Ukukhula kophuhliso

Ibhola i-JW, iDain JE, uFlynn JA, uSolomon BS, uStewart RW. Ulwazi lokurekhoda. Ku: Ibhola i-JW, iDain JE, uFlynn JA, uSolomon BS, uStewart RW, ii-eds. Isikhokelo sikaSiedel kuViwo loMzimba. Umhla we-9. ISt Louis, MO: Elsevier; I-2019: isahluko 5.

UKimmel SR, uRatliff-Schaub K. Ukukhula kunye nophuhliso. Ku: Rakel RE, Rakel DP, ii-eds. Incwadi yesikhokelo samayeza osapho. Umhla we-9. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; I-2016: isahluko 22.

I-Lipkin PH. Uphuhliso kunye nokuziphatha kokujonga kunye nokuhlola. Ku: Kliegman RM, St Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, ii-eds. Incwadi kaNelson yeNcwadi yePediatrics. Umhla wama-21. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 28.