Ingxelo yophuhliso lweminyaka emi-5

Eli nqaku lichaza izakhono ezilindelekileyo kunye nabamakishi abakhulayo kuninzi lwabantwana abaneminyaka emi-5 ubudala.

Amanqanaba obuchule bemizimba kunye neemoto zomntwana oneminyaka emihlanu ubudala kubandakanya:

• Ukuzuza malunga neepawundi ezi-4 ukuya kwezi-5 (i-1.8 ukuya kwi-2.25 yeekhilogram)
• Ikhula malunga nee-intshi ezi-2 ukuya kwezi-3 (iisentimitha ezi-5 ukuya kwezi-7.5)
• Umbono ufikelela kuma-20/20
• Amazinyo okuqala abantu abadala aqala ukugqobhoza intsini (uninzi lwabantwana alufumani mazinyo abo abadala de kube li-6)
• Unolungelelwaniso olungcono (ukufumana iingalo, imilenze, kunye nomzimba ekusebenzeni kunye)
• Ukutsiba, ukutsiba, kunye neehiphu ngokulinganisela okuhle
• Uhlala ulungelelene ngokuma ngonyawo olunye amehlo evaliwe
• Ibonisa ubuchule ngakumbi ngezixhobo ezilula kunye nezixhobo zokubhala
• Unokukopa unxantathu
• Ungasebenzisa imela ukusasaza ukutya okuthambileyo

Iimpawu ezibalulekileyo kunye nezengqondo:

• Unesigama esingaphezulu kwamagama angama-2 000
• Uthetha ngezivakalisi ezinamagama ama-5 okanye nangaphezulu, nangawo onke amalungu entetho
• Unokuchonga iingqekembe ezahlukeneyo
• Unokubala ukuya kwi-10
• Uyayazi inombolo yomnxeba
• Ungayichaza ngokufanelekileyo imibala ephambili, kwaye kunokwenzeka ukuba ube neminye imibala
• Ubuza imibuzo enzulu ejongene nenjongo kunye nenjongo
• Ungaphendula imibuzo ethi "kutheni"
• Ngaba inoxanduva ngakumbi kwaye uthi "Ndiyaxolisa" xa besenza iimpazamo
• Ibonisa indlela yokuziphatha engalawulekiyo
• Ukuphuma koyiko lobuntwana kwangoko
• Yamkela amanye amanqaku okujonga (kodwa isenokungaziqondi)
• Uphucule izakhono zezibalo
• Buza abanye, kubandakanya nabazali
• Ukuchonga ngokuqinileyo nomzali wesini esifanayo
• Ineqela labahlobo
• Uthanda ukucinga nokuzenza ngathi udlala (umzekelo, uzenza ngathi uza kuthatha inyanga)

Iindlela zokukhuthaza ukukhula kweminyaka emi-5 kubandakanya:

• Ukufunda kunye
• Ukubonelela ngendawo eyoneleyo yokuba umntwana asebenze ngokwasemzimbeni
• Ukufundisa umntwana indlela yokuthatha inxaxheba- kunye nokufunda imigaqo- yezemidlalo kunye nemidlalo
• Ukukhuthaza umntwana ukuba adlale nabanye abantwana, oko kunceda ukuphucula izakhono zentlalo
• Ukudlala ngobuchule nomntwana
• Ukunciphisa umda kokubini ixesha kunye nomxholo wokubukela umabonwakude kunye nekhompyuter
• Ukutyelela iindawo zasekuhlaleni ezinomdla
• Ukukhuthaza umntwana ukuba enze imisebenzi emincinci yasekhaya, njengokunceda ukuseta itafile okanye ukuqokelela iithoyi emva kokudlala

Amanqanaba okukhula okuqhelekileyo abantwana - iminyaka emi-5; Amanqanaba okukhula komntwana - iminyaka emi-5; Amanqanaba okukhula abantwana - iminyaka emi-5; Kulungile umntwana - iminyaka emi-5

IBamba V, Kelly A. Uvavanyo lokukhula. Ku: Kliegman RM, St Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, ii-eds. Incwadi kaNelson yeNcwadi yePediatrics. Umhla wama-21. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 27.

UCarter RG, uFeegelman S. Iminyaka yesikolo sabantwana abasaqalayo. Ku: Kliegman RM, St Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, ii-eds. Incwadi kaNelson yeNcwadi yePediatrics. Umhla wama-21. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahl 24.