Umnqweno

Ukuphefumla kuthetha ukuzoba ngaphakathi okanye ngaphandle usebenzisa intshukumo yokufunxa. Ineentsingiselo ezimbini:

• Ukuphefumla kwinto yangaphandle (ukufunxa ukutya kwindlela yomoya).
• Inkqubo yonyango esusa into kwindawo yomzimba. Ezi zinto zinokuba ngumoya, ulwelo lomzimba, okanye iziqwengana zethambo. Umzekelo ususa i-ascites fluid kwindawo esiswini.

Ukuphefumla njengenkqubo yonyango kunokusetyenziselwa ukususa iisampulu zethishu kwi-biopsy. Oku ngamanye amaxesha kubizwa ngokuba yinaliti biopsy okanye aspirate. Umzekelo, umnqweno wesilonda sesifuba.

• Umnqweno

UDavidson NE. Umhlaza webele kunye nokuphazamiseka kwebele. Ku: IGoldman L, iSchafer AI, ii-eds. Amayeza eGoldman-Cecil. Ngomhla wama-26. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahl. 188.

UMartin P. Indlela eya kwisigulana esinesifo sesibindi. Ku: IGoldman L, iSchafer AI, ii-eds. Amayeza eGoldman-Cecil. Ngomhla wama-26. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahl. 137.

O'Donnell AE. I-Bronchiectasis, i-atelectasis, ii-cysts, kunye nokuphazamiseka kwasemaphandleni. Ku: IGoldman L, iSchafer AI, ii-eds. Amayeza eGoldman-Cecil. Ngomhla wama-26. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahl. 84.

IShuman EA, iPletcher SD, uEisele DW. Umnqweno ongapheliyo. Ku: IFlint PW, uFrancis HW, uHaughey BH, et al, ii-eds. I-Cummings Otolaryngology: Utyando lweNtloko kunye neNtamo. Umhla wesi-7. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2021: isahluko 65.