Yintoni i-ultrasonography, yenzelwe ntoni, iintlobo kunye nendlela eyenziwa ngayo

Umxholo

• Yenzelwe ntoni
• Kwenziwa njani
• Iintlobo eziphambili ze-ultrasound
• 1. I-ultrasound ye-morphological
• 2. 3D kunye 4D ultrasound
• 3. I-Ultrasound yebele
• 4. I-Ultrasound ye-thyroid
• 5. Iiplvic ultrasound
• 6. I-ultrasound yesisu

I-Ultrasonografi, ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-ultrasound kunye ne-ultrasound, luvavanyo lokucinga ngomfanekiso osebenzela ukujonga ngokwalo naliphi na ilungu okanye izicwili emzimbeni ngexesha lokwenyani. Xa uvavanyo lwenziwa ngeDoppler, ugqirha uyakwazi ukubona ukuhamba kwegazi kuloo mmandla.

I-Ultrasonography yinkqubo elula, ekhawulezayo kwaye ayinazithintelo.Ingenziwa nanini na xa ugqirha ebona kufanelekile, kwaye akukho mfuneko yokulinda phakathi kwe-ultrasound nenye. Nangona kunjalo, kubalulekile ukujonga ukuba ngaba kukho nasiphi na isindululo sokwenza uvavanyo, njengokugcwalisa isinyi okanye ukuthatha amayeza okususa irhasi engaphezulu, njengoko oku kunokwenza kube nzima ukubona amalungu.

Yenzelwe ntoni

I-Ultrasonography luvavanyo lomfanekiso olunokuboniswa ngugqirha ukuze kuchongwe utshintsho kumalungu. Ke, olu vavanyo lunokucetyiswa ukuba:

• Phanda iintlungu zesisu, kwiiflaccus okanye ngasemva;
• Ukuchonga ukukhulelwa okanye ukuvavanya ukukhula komntwana;
• Ukuchonga izifo zesibeleko, iityhubhu, amaqanda;
• Yiba nomfanekiso ngqondweni wolwakhiwo lwezihlunu, amalungu, imisipha;
• Ukujonga nangaluphi na olunye uhlobo lomzimba womntu.

I-Ultrasonography kufuneka yenziwe elebhu, eklinikhi okanye esibhedlele, ihlala iphantsi kwengcebiso yezonyango, ukunceda ekuchongeni nasekunyangeni iimeko ezahlukeneyo. Ukongeza, ngaphambi kokwenza uviwo, kufuneka ufumanise malunga nokulungiselela iimviwo, njengoko kwezinye iintlobo ze-ultrasound kusenokufuneka ukuba usele amanzi amaninzi, ngokukhawuleza, okanye uthathe amayeza ukuphelisa iigesi, umzekelo .

Kwenziwa njani

I-Ultrasonography kufuneka yenziwe ngesigulana esilele kwi-stretcher kwaye emva koko kubekwe umaleko omncinci wejel kulusu kunye ne-transducer ebekwe ngaphezulu kwale gel, ityibilize isixhobo kulusu lonke. Esi sixhobo siza kwenza imifanekiso ebonakalayo kwikhompyuter kwaye kufuneka ihlalutywe ngugqirha.

Emva kokugqiba uviwo, ugqirha ususa ijeli ngetawuli yephepha kwaye umntu angaya ekhaya. Uvavanyo alubangeli zintlungu okanye ukungonwabi, luyafikeleleka ngokulula kwaye aluluvavanyo lubizayo, lugutyungelwe zizicwangciso zempilo ezininzi, nangona zinokwenziwa yi-SUS.

Iintlobo eziphambili ze-ultrasound

1. I-ultrasound ye-morphological

Olu luhlobo olukhethekileyo lwe-ultrasound ekufuneka yenziwe ngexesha lokukhulelwa, phakathi kweeveki ezingama-20 ukuya kwezingama-24 zokukhulelwa, ukujonga ukuba ingaba umntwana ukhula ngokuchanekileyo na okanye unazo naziphi na izinto ezingalunganga, ezinje ngeDown's Syndrome, i-myelomeningocele, i-anencephaly, i-hydrocephalus okanye intliziyo yokuzalwa isifo.

Ixesha lokuhlolwa lihluka phakathi kwemizuzu engama-20 ukuya kuma-40 kwaye olu vavanyo luyacetyiswa kubo bonke abasetyhini abakhulelweyo.

Kwenziwa njani: ugqirha uza kubeka ijeli kwisisu somfazi okhulelweyo kwaye agqithise isixhobo kuwo wonke ummandla wesibeleko. Izixhobo ziya kuvelisa imifanekiso enokujongwa kwikhompyuter. Jonga ezinye iinkcukacha ze-morphological ultrasound.

2. 3D kunye 4D ultrasound

Olu luhlobo loviwo oluvumela ukubonwa okungcono kwesakhiwo ukuba sifundwe, ukunika imeko yokwenyani. I-4D ultrasound, ngaphandle kokuvumela ukubonwa okukhulu kosana ngaphakathi esiswini sikanina, iyakwazi ukubamba iintshukumo zayo ngexesha lokwenyani.

Zilungele ngokukodwa ukubonwa kosana olungekazalwa kwaye zingathathwa kwinyanga yesi-3 yokukhulelwa, kodwa imifanekiso engcono ifunyenwe kwinyanga yesi-6 yokukhulelwa.

3. I-Ultrasound yebele

Kwi-ultrasound yesifuba, ugqirha unokujonga ukubonakala kwesigaxa esinokuviwa ngokuthamba kwebele. Oku kunceda ekuchongeni ukuba ingaba sisigaxa esibi, esikrokrisayo okanye somhlaza wamabele, kwaye ikwaluncedo ekuvavanyeni imibhobho yamabele, kunye nokuphanda oonobangela beentlungu zebele, umzekelo.

Kwenziwa njani: Umfazi kufuneka alale ngaphandle kweengubo kunye nebra ngelixa ugqirha edlulisa izixhobo ngaphezulu kwayo nayiphi na indawo erhanelayo. Kuqhelekile ukuthatha ixesha elide xa kukho ii-cysts okanye amaqhuqhuva afuna ukuphandwa. Olu vavanyo aluthathi ndawo ye-mammography, kodwa inokuyalelwa ngugqirha ukuba umfazi unamabele amakhulu, aqinileyo, okwenza kube nzima ukwenza i-mammogram. Funda ngakumbi iinkcukacha ze-ultrasound yebele.

4. I-Ultrasound ye-thyroid

Kwi-ultrasound ye-thyroid, ugqirha uyabubona ubungakanani beli gland, ukuma kwayo kwaye ukuba unamaqhuqhuva. Olu vavanyo lunokwenziwa kwakhona ukukhokela i-biopsy ukuze kuthathwe isampulu encinci yethishu, kwimeko yomhlaza okrokrelwayo, umzekelo.

Kwenziwa njani: Umntu kufuneka alale ngomqolo, emva koko kubekwe ijeli entanyeni. Ugqirha uza kusilayida isixhobo kwaye abone umntu ukuba uyidlala kwikhompyuter.Kuqhelekile ngexesha loviwo ukuba ugqirha abuze ukuba lixesha lokuqala evavanywa okanye ukuba lukhona utshintsho olwenziweyo kwiimviwo ezidlulileyo, ukuze athelekise iziphumo. Jonga iimpawu ezinokubonisa umhlaza wedlala lengqula.

5. Iiplvic ultrasound

Olu vavanyo lubonakalisiwe ukujonga izakhiwo ezinje ngesibeleko, ii-ovari kunye nemithambo yegazi kulo mmandla, kwaye kunokuba yimfuneko ukuxilonga i-endometriosis, umzekelo. Inokwenziwa ngokubeka i-transducer kwinxalenye ephezulu yesisu okanye ngaphakathi kwilungu lobufazi, kwimeko yokugqibela ibizwa ngokuba yi-transvaginal ultrasound. Funda iinkcukacha ze-transvaginal ultrasound.

Emadodeni, i-pelvic ultrasound iboniswa ukuze kuvavanywe iprotrate kunye nesinyi.

6. I-ultrasound yesisu

Isisu esiswini sisetyenziselwa ukuphanda iintlungu esiswini, ukuba kukho izinto ezingamanzi kulo mmandla, okanye ukuvavanya amalungu anje ngesibindi, izintso, ubukho babantu kwaye kwimeko yengozi okanye ukubetha, kwingingqi yesisu. Ukongeza ekubeni luncedo kwimeko yokuvavanywa kwezintso kunye nomchamo, umzekelo.

Kwenziwa njani: Ugqirha uya kubonisa ukuba kunyanzelekile ukuba enze uhlobo oluthile lokulungiselela ngaphambili, kodwa kwimeko yokuvavanywa kwezintso, umchamo kunye nesinyi uqobo, phambi kovavanyo, kuyacetyiswa ukuzila iiyure ezi-6, kwaye uviwo kufuneka Yenziwe ngesinyi esipheleleyo. Ke ngoko, abantwana abaneminyaka emi-3 ukuya kweli-10 kufuneka basele iiglasi ezi-2 ukuya kwezi-4 zamanzi, ulutsha kunye nabantu abadala kufuneka basele iiglasi ezi-5 ukuya kwezili-10 zamanzi ukuya kuthi ga kwiyure eli-1 phambi koviwo, bengakwazi ukuchama phambi koviwo.