Ityhefu yeMethanol

I-Methanol luhlobo lokuselwa kotywala obungasetyenziselwa mveliso kunye neemoto. Eli nqaku lixoxa ngobuthi kwi-overdose ye-methanol.

Eli nqaku lelolwazi kuphela. Sukuyisebenzisa ukunyanga okanye ukulawula ukubonakaliswa kwetyhefu eyiyo. Ukuba wena okanye umntu onaye une-exposure, fowunela inombolo yakho yongxamiseko yendawo (enje nge-911), okanye iziko lakho lendawo yetyhefu linokufikelelwa ngokuthe ngqo ngokutsalela umnxeba kwinombolo yasimahla yoNcedo lweTyhefu (1-800-222-1222) naphi na eUnited States.

Methyl utywala

Imethanol ifumaneka kwi:

• Isinqandi esibandayo
• Imithombo yokufudumeza enkonkxiweyo
• Khuphela ulwelo lomatshini
• Ulwelo lokuhambisa icing
• Izongezo ze-Fuel (i-octane boosters)
• Isusa ipeyinti okanye sibhitya
• Shellac
• Ivanishi
• Ulwelo lwewindows olucinyiweyo

Qaphela: Olu luhlu alunakubandakanya konke.

Iimpawu zingabandakanya:

Indlela yomoya kunye nemiphunga:

• Ukuphefumla ubunzima
• Akukho kuphefumla

Amehlo:

• Ubumfama, obugqibeleleyo okanye obungenamkhethe, ngamanye amaxesha buchazwa njenge "blind blind"
• Umbono omfiliba
• Ukudityaniswa (ukwandiswa) kwabafundi

Intliziyo negazi:

• Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphantsi

Inkqubo yovalo:

• Ukuziphatha okungalawulekiyo
• Coma (ukungaphenduli)
• Ukudideka
• Kunzima ukuhamba
• Ukuba nesiyezi
• Intloko ebuhlungu
• Ukuxhuzula

Ulusu kunye neenzipho:

• Imilebe eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka kunye neenzipho

Isisu kunye namathumbu:

• Intlungu zesisu (ezinzima)
• Urhudo
• Iingxaki zesibindi, kubandakanya i-jaundice (isikhumba esimthubi) kunye nokopha
• Isicaphucaphu
• I-Pancreatitis (isicaphucaphu, ukugabha kunye nentlungu esiswini)
• Ukuphalaza, ngamanye amaxesha kunegazi

Okunye:

• Ukudinwa
• Iintlanzi zomlenze
• Ubuthathaka

Funa uncedo lwezonyango kwangoko. MUSA ukumenza umntu aphose ngaphandle kokuba axelelwe ukuba enze njalo nguLawulo lweTyhefu okanye ingcali yezempilo.

Olu lwazi lulandelayo luluncedo kuncedo olungxamisekileyo:

• Ubudala bomntu, ubunzima, kunye nemeko
• Igama lemveliso (izithako kunye namandla, ukuba kuyaziwa)
• Ixesha laliginyiwe
• Isixa siginyiwe

Nangona kunjalo, SUKULIBAZA ukucela uncedo ukuba olu lwazi alufumaneki ngokukhawuleza.

Iziko lakho lendawo yetyhefu linokufikelelwa ngokuthe ngqo ngokutsalela umnxeba wasimahla kwiNombolo yoNcedo (1-800-222-1222) naphi na eUnited States. Inombolo yomnxeba iya kukuvumela ukuba uthethe neengcali kwityhefu. Baza kukunika eminye imiyalelo.

Le yinkonzo yasimahla neyimfihlo. Onke amaziko olawulo lwetyhefu aseMelika asebenzisa le nombolo yesizwe. Kuya kufuneka ubize ukuba unemibuzo malunga netyhefu okanye ukuthintela ityhefu. Ungabiza iiyure ezingama-24 ngosuku, iintsuku ezisi-7 ngeveki.

Umboneleli wezempilo uya kulinganisa kwaye abeke esweni iimpawu ezibalulekileyo zomntu, kubandakanya iqondo lobushushu, ukubetha kwentliziyo, inqanaba lokuphefumla, kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi. Umntu angafumana:

• Amalahle avuselelweyo
• Inkxaso yomoya, kubandakanya ioksijini, ityhubhu yokuphefumla ngomlomo (intubation), kunye nomatshini wokuphefumla (i-ventilator)
• Uvavanyo lwegazi kunye nomchamo
• I-x-ray yesifuba
• I-CT (itomography yekhompyuter, okanye umfanekiso ophucukileyo)
• EKG (i-electrocardiogram, okanye ukulandelwa kwentliziyo)
• Ulwelo ngomthambo (efakwa ngaphakathi okanye IV)
• Amayeza okunyanga iimpawu, kubandakanya ii-antidotes ukubuyisa umva isiphumo setyhefu (fomepizole okanye ethanol)
• Tube ngeempumlo ukususa ityhefu eseleyo, ukuba umntu ubonwa kwisithuba semizuzu engama-60 emva kokuyiginya

Kuba ukususwa ngokukhawuleza kwe-methanol sisitshixo kwimpumelelo yonyango kunye nokusinda, umntu uya kufuna i-dialysis (umatshini wezintso).

I-Methanol inetyhefu kakhulu. Njengeepunipoyi ezimbini (i-30 milliliters) ezinokubulala umntwana. Malunga nee-ounces ezi-2 ukuya kwezi-8 (60 ukuya kuma-240 milliliters) zinokubulala umntu omdala. Ubumfama buqhelekile kwaye budla ngokusisigxina ngaphandle kononophelo lonyango. Ukungeniswa kwemethanol kuchaphazela amalungu amaninzi. Umonakalo womzimba unokuhlala ngokusisigxina. Ukusebenza kakuhle komntu kuxhomekeke ekubeni uginyinyiswe yityhefu engakanani nokuba unyango lufunyanwa msinyane kangakanani.

Ityhefu yotywala enkuni

IKostic MA. Ityhefu. Ku: Kliegman RM, Stanton BF, St Geme JW, Schor NF, ii-eds. Incwadi kaNelson yeNcwadi yePediatrics. Umhla we-20. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: isahluko 63.

UNelson ME. Iziselo ezinxilisayo. Ku: Iindonga RM, iHockberger RS, iGausche-Hill M, ii-eds. Unyango lukaRosen oluNgxamisekileyo: iikhonsepthi kunye nokuziqhelanisa neklinikhi. Umhla we-9. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; I-2018: isahluko 141.

UPincus MR, uBluth MH, uAbraham NZ. I-Toxicology kunye nokubeka iliso kunyango lweziyobisi. Ku: McPherson RA, Pincus MR, ii-eds. Ukuchongwa kweKlinikhi kaHenry kunye noLawulo ngeendlela zeLebhu. Umhla we-23. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; Ngo-2017: isahluko 23.