Ityhefu yesepha yokuhlamba izitya ngokuzenzekelayo

Isepha yokuhlamba isepha ngokuzenzekelayo ibhekisa kukugula okwenzeka xa uginya isepha esetyenziswe kwizitshizi ezizenzekelayo okanye xa isepha inxibelelana nobuso.

Eli nqaku lelolwazi kuphela. SUKUYISETYENZISE ukunyanga okanye ukulawula ukubonakaliswa kwetyhefu uqobo. Ukuba wena okanye umntu onaye une-exposure, fowunela inombolo yakho yongxamiseko yendawo (enje nge-911), okanye iziko lakho lendawo yetyhefu linokufikelelwa ngokuthe ngqo ngokutsalela umnxeba kwinombolo yasimahla yoNcedo lweTyhefu (1-800-222-1222) naphi na eUnited States.

Iimveliso ezizodwa zineesepha ezahlukeneyo. I-potassium carbonate kunye ne-sodium carbonate zezona zixhaphakileyo.

Amanzi amdaka asetyenziswayo asemgangathweni kunye neesepha kunqabile ukuba zibangele ukonzakala okukhulu xa kuginywe ngengozi. Nangona kunjalo, ukusetyenziswa kweempahla ezingasetyenziswanga kunye neepakethi zokucoca i-dishwasher, okanye "iipods" zijoliswe ngakumbi. Ke ngoko, kunokwenzeka ukuba bonakalise umqala.

Izithako ezinetyhefu zifumaneka kwiisepha zokuhlamba izitya ezizenzekelayo.

Iimpawu zetyuwa yesepha yokuhlamba izitya ngokuzenzekelayo inokuchaphazela amalungu amaninzi omzimba.

AMEHLO, IINDlebe, iimpumlo, nomqala

• Intlungu ebuhlungu emqaleni
• Intlungu ebukhali okanye ukutshisa empumlweni, amehlo, iindlebe, imilebe, okanye ulwimi
• Ukuphulukana nombono
• Ukudumba komqala (oko kunokubangela nengxaki yokuphefumla)

UKUJIKELELWA KWENTLIZIYO KWAWEYO NEGAZI

• Uxinzelelo lwegazi olusezantsi-lukhula ngokukhawuleza
• Ukuwa
• Utshintsho olukhulu kumanqanaba e-asidi yegazi, anokukhokelela ekonakaleni komzimba

Amaphaphu

• Ukuphefumla ubunzima (ngokuphefumla ityhefu)

ULusu

• Ukucaphuka
• Ukutsha
• I-Necrosis (ukufa kweethishu) kulusu okanye kwizicwili ezingaphantsi

ISisu kunye namathumbu

• Iintlungu ezinzima zesisu
• Ukuhlanza, kunokuba ligazi
• Ukutsha komqala (umbhobho wokutya)
• Igazi esitulweni

Funa uncedo olukhawulezileyo lwezonyango. MUSA ukumenza umntu alahle.

Ukuba isepha isemehlweni, coca amanzi amaninzi ubuncinci imizuzu eyi-15.

Ukuba isepha iginyiwe, cela loo mntu ukuba asele amanzi okanye ubisi kwangoko.

Chonga olu lwazi lulandelayo:

• Ubudala bomntu, ubunzima, kunye nemeko
• Igama lemveliso (izithako kunye namandla, ukuba kuyaziwa)
• Ixesha lokuginywa
• Isixa siginyiwe

Iziko lakho lendawo yetyhefu linokufikelelwa ngokuthe ngqo ngokutsalela umnxeba wasimahla kwiNombolo yoNcedo (1-800-222-1222) naphi na eUnited States. Inombolo yomnxeba kazwelonke iya kukuvumela ukuba uthethe neengcali kwiityhefu. Baza kukunika eminye imiyalelo.

Le yinkonzo yasimahla neyimfihlo. Onke amaziko olawulo lwetyhefu aseMelika asebenzisa le nombolo yesizwe. Kuya kufuneka ubize ukuba unemibuzo malunga netyhefu okanye ukuthintela ityhefu. AKUFUNI ukuba ibe yingxakeko. Ungatsalela umnxeba nangasiphi na isizathu, iiyure ezingama-24 ngosuku, iintsuku ezisi-7 ngeveki.

Thatha isikhongozeli uhambe naso esibhedlele, ukuba kunokwenzeka.

Umboneleli wezempilo uya kulinganisa kwaye abeke esweni iimpawu ezibalulekileyo zomntu, kubandakanya iqondo lobushushu, ukubetha kwentliziyo, inqanaba lokuphefumla, kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi. Kuya kwenziwa uvavanyo lwegazi kunye nomchamo. Iimpawu ziya kunyangwa xa kufuneka njalo. Umntu angafumana:

• Amalahle asebenzayo ukunceda ukuthintela ityhefu eseleyo ukuba ingangeni esiswini nakwindlela yokugaya.
• Indlela yomoya kunye nenkxaso yokuphefumla, kubandakanya neoksijini. Kwiimeko ezigabadeleyo, ityhubhu inokudluliselwa ngomlomo iye emiphungeni ukuthintela umnqweno. Umbhobho wokuphefumla (umoya wokuphefumla) uya kufuneka emva koko.
• Utofelo-gazi ukuba ulahleko olukhulu lwegazi lwenzekile.
• I-x-ray yesifuba.
• I-ECG (i-electrocardiogram, okanye ukulandelwa kwentliziyo).
• Ulwelo ngomthambo (IV).
• I-Endoscopy - ikhamera ezantsi emqaleni ukuze ibone ukutsha kwi-esophagus nakwisisu.
• Amayeza (laxatives) okuhambisa ityhefu ngokukhawuleza emzimbeni.
• Tube ngomlomo ungene esiswini ukuze uhlambe isisu (isisu esishushu). Oku kunqabile.
• Amayeza okunyanga iimpawu, ezinje nge-nausea kunye nokugabha, okanye ezo zeempendulo, ezifana nokudumba kobuso okanye umlomo okanye ukuvutha (diphenhydramine, epinephrine, okanye steroids).

Ukusebenza kakuhle komntu kuxhomekeke kubungakanani betyhefu eginyileyo kunye nokuba unyango lufunyenwe ngokukhawuleza kangakanani. Ngokukhawuleza umntu efumana uncedo lwezonyango, ngcono ithuba lokufumana kwakhona.

Ukuginya ityhefu kunokuba neziphumo ezibi kumalungu amaninzi omzimba. Umonakalo unokuqhubeka ukwenzeka kumqala kunye nesisu kangangeeveki ezininzi emva kokuba imveliso iginyiwe. Ukufa kunokwenzeka kwinyanga enye emva kwetyhefu.

Nangona kunjalo, uninzi lweziganeko zokuginya isepha yokuhlamba izitya ayinabungozi. Iimveliso zekhaya ezithengiswayo zenziwe ukuba zikhuseleke ebantwini nakwimeko yokusingqongileyo.

UDavis MG, uCasavant MJ, u-Spiller HA, uChounthirath T, uSmith GA. Ukuvezwa kwabantwana kwindawo yokuhlamba iimpahla kunye nezicoci zokuhlamba iimpahla eUnited States: 2013-2014. IPediatrics. 2016;137(5).

Meehan TJ. Indlela yesigulana esinetyhefu. Ku: Iindonga RM, iHockberger RS, iGausche-Hill M, ii-eds. Unyango lukaRosen oluNgxamisekileyo: iikhonsepthi kunye nokuziqhelanisa neklinikhi. Umhla we-9. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; Ngo-2018: isahluko 139.

UVale JA, uBradberry SM.Ityhefu. Ku: Kumar P, Clark M, ii-eds. Kumar kunye noClarke's Clinical Medicine. Umhla we-9. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; Ngo-2017: isahluko 6.