Ityhefu yokususa itar

Ukususa itar kusetyenziselwa ukulahla itar, izinto ezinamafutha amnyama. Eli nqaku lixoxa ngeengxaki zempilo ezinokuthi zenzeke ukuba uphefumla okanye uchukumise ukususa itha.

Eli nqaku lelolwazi kuphela. SUKUYISETYENZISE ukunyanga okanye ukulawula ukubonakaliswa kwetyhefu uqobo. Ukuba wena okanye umntu onaye une-exposure, fowunela inombolo yakho yongxamiseko yendawo (enje nge-911), okanye iziko lakho lendawo yetyhefu linokufikelelwa ngokuthe ngqo ngokutsalela umnxeba kwinombolo yasimahla yoNcedo lweTyhefu (1-800-222-1222) naphi na eUnited States.

Isusa itar inezinto ezibizwa ngokuba ziihydrocarbon. Oku kubandakanya:

• Benzene
• IDichloromethane
• I-naphtha ekhanyayo
• Imethane chloride
• Toluene
• Xylene

Iimveliso ezahlukeneyo zokususa itela zinazo ezi zinto.

Apha ngezantsi kukho iimpawu zetyhefu yokususa itha kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zomzimba.

IINDLELA NEEMPANGO

• Ukuphefumla ubunzima
• Ukudumba komqala, okungakhokelela kubunzima bokuphefumla

AMEHLO, IINDlebe, iimpumlo, nomqala

• Intlungu ebukhali okanye ukutshisa emqaleni, empumlweni, emehlweni, ezindlebeni, emilebeni, okanye elulwimini
• Ukulahleka kombono

INTLIZIYO NEGAZI

• Ukuwa
• Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphantsi (ukothuka)

ISisu kunye namathumbu

• Intlungu yesisu - eqatha
• Igazi kwizitulo
• Ukutsha komqala (umbhobho wokutya)
• Isicaphucaphu
• Ukuhlanza (kunokuba ligazi)

INKQUBO YENKONZO

• Uxinzelelo
• Ukuba nesiyezi
• Ukozela
• Ukuziva unxilile (euphoria)
• Intloko ebuhlungu
• Ukuphulukana nokulumka (ukungabikho zingqondweni)
• Ukuxhuzula
• Iyothusa
• Ubuthathaka

ULusu

• Ukutsha
• Ukucaphuka
• Imingxunya kulusu okanye kwizicwili phantsi kolusu

Funa uncedo lwezonyango kwangoko. MUSA ukumenza umntu aphose ngaphandle kokuba ulawula ityhefu okanye umniki-nkonzo akuyalela. Ukuba umntu uginye isusa itela, mnike amanzi okanye ubisi kwangoko, ukuba umboneleli ukuxelela ukuba wenze njalo. SUKUNIKA nantoni na ukuba isele xa umntu eneempawu ezenza ukuba kube nzima ukuginya. Oku kubandakanya ukugabha, ukuxhuzula, okanye inqanaba lokuncipha lokuqaphela.

Ukuba umntu uphefumle umsi, mshukumisele kumoya omtsha ngoko nangoko.

Ngaba olu lwazi lukulungele:

• Ubudala bomntu, ubunzima, kunye nemeko
• Igama lemveliso (kunye nezithako, ukuba ziyaziwa)
• Ixesha lokuginywa
• Isixa siginyiwe

Iziko lakho lokulawula ityhefu lingafikelelwa ngokuthe ngqo ngokutsalela umnxeba wenombolo yasimahla yasimahla kuTyhefu (1-800-222-1222) naphi na e-United States. Inombolo yomnxeba kazwelonke iya kukuvumela ukuba uthethe neengcali kwiityhefu. Baza kukunika eminye imiyalelo.

Le yinkonzo yasimahla neyimfihlo. Onke amaziko olawulo lwetyhefu aseMelika asebenzisa le nombolo yesizwe. Kuya kufuneka ubize ukuba unemibuzo malunga netyhefu okanye ukuthintela ityhefu. AKUFUNI ukuba ibe yingxakeko. Ungatsalela umnxeba nangasiphi na isizathu, iiyure ezingama-24 ngosuku, iintsuku ezisi-7 ngeveki.

Thatha isikhongozeli uhambe naso esibhedlele, ukuba kunokwenzeka.

Umboneleli uya kulinganisa kwaye abeke esweni iimpawu ezibalulekileyo zomntu, kubandakanya iqondo lobushushu, ukubetha kwentliziyo, inqanaba lokuphefumla, kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi.

Uvavanyo olunokwenziwa lunokubandakanya:

• I-Bronchoscopy-ikhamera ezantsi komqala ukujonga ukutsha kwi-airways nasemiphungeni
• I-x-ray yesifuba
• I-ECG (i-electrocardiogram, okanye ukulandelwa kwentliziyo)
• Ikhamera ye-Endoscopy ezantsi emqaleni ukujonga ukutsha kwi-esophagus nakwisisu

Unyango lunokubandakanya:

• Ulwelo ngomthambo (IV)
• Ukuhlamba ulusu (ukunkcenkceshela), mhlawumbi rhoqo kwiiyure ezimbalwa kwiintsuku ezininzi
• Tube ngomlomo ungene esiswini ukuze uhlambe isisu (ukuhlamba isisu)
• Utyando lokususa isikhumba esitshisiweyo
• Ukuxhasa ukuphefumla, kubandakanya ityhubhu ngomlomo ukuya emiphungeni kwaye uqhagamshele kumatshini wokuphefumla (i-ventilator)

Ukusebenza kakuhle komntu kuxhomekeke kubungakanani bokususwa kwetela kunye nokufumana unyango ngokukhawuleza. Uncedo olukhawulezileyo lwezonyango lunikwa, ngcono ithuba lokuchacha.

Ukuginya ezo tyhefu kunokuba neziphumo ezibi kumalungu amaninzi omzimba. Ukutshiswa kwindlela yomoya okanye kwithumbu kunokukhokelela kwi-necrosis yethishu, kukhokelela kusulelo, ukothuka kunye nokufa, kwaneenyanga ezininzi emva kwesiganeko sokuqala sokuginya. Amabala anokuvela kwezi zihlunu zikhokelela kubunzima bexesha elide ngokuphefumla, ukugwinya kunye nokwetyisa.

Ukuba i-kerosene ingena kwimiphunga (i-aspiration), inkulu kwaye, mhlawumbi umonakalo osisigxina wemiphunga unokwenzeka.

UAronons JK. Izinyibilikisi eziphilayo. Ku: Aronson JK, ed. Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zikaMeyler zeziyobisi. Ngomhla we-16. I-Waltham, MA: Elsevier; Ngo-2016: 385-389.

U-Wang GS, uBuchanan JA. IiHydrocarbon. Ku: Iindonga RM, iHockberger RS, iGausche-Hill M, ii-eds. Unyango lukaRosen oluNgxamisekileyo: iikhonsepthi kunye nokuziqhelanisa neklinikhi. Umhla we-9. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; I-2018: isahluko 152.