I-Toluene kunye ne-xylene yetyhefu

I-Toluene kunye ne-xylene yimixube eyomeleleyo esetyenziswa kwimveliso emininzi yekhaya nakwimizi-mveliso. I-Toluene kunye ne-xylene yetyhefu inokwenzeka xa umntu eginya ezi zinto, ephefumla imisi yazo, okanye xa ezi zinto zichukumisa ulusu.

Eli nqaku lelolwazi kuphela. SUKUYISETYENZISE ukunyanga okanye ukulawula ukubonakaliswa kwetyhefu uqobo. Ukuba wena okanye umntu onaye une-exposure, fowunela inombolo yakho yongxamiseko yendawo (enje nge-911), okanye iziko lakho lendawo yetyhefu linokufikelelwa ngokuthe ngqo ngokutsalela umnxeba kwinombolo yasimahla yoNcedo lweTyhefu (1-800-222-1222) naphi na eUnited States.

Izinto eziyingozi kwezi mveliso zezi:

• Toluene (methylbenzene, phenylmethane)
• Xylene (ortho-xylene, meta-xylene, para-xylene)

I-Toluene kunye ne-xylene zisetyenziswa kwi:

• Ipholishi yomnwe
• Iglu kunye nezinto zokuncamathelisa
• Iilacquers
• Ukunyusa i-octane kwipetroli
• Ipeyinti
• Ipeyinti encinci
• Iinkqubo zokuprinta kunye nezikhumba
• Irabha kunye nesamente yeplastiki
• Amabala eenkuni

Ezinye iimveliso zinokuqulatha i-toluene kunye ne-xylene.

Apha ngezantsi kukho iimpawu ze-toluene kunye ne-xylene yetyhefu kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zomzimba.

AMEHLO, IINDlebe, iimpumlo, nomqala

• Umbono omfiliba
• Intlungu evuthayo
• Ukuphulukana nokuva

ISisu kunye namathumbu

• Izitulo zegazi
• Intlungu zesisu (ezinzima)
• Ukuphelelwa ngumdla wokutya
• Isicaphucaphu
• Ukuhlanza (kunokuba ligazi)

IINTLIZIYO ZENTLIZIYO NEGAZI

• Ukubetha kwentliziyo ngokungaqhelekanga
• Uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphantsi (ukothuka)

IINTSHINTSHO

• Umonakalo wezintso

AMANDLA NEENDLELA

• Ukuphefumla ubunzima
• Iintlungu zesifuba
• Khohlela
• Ukukhawuleza, ukuphefumla nzulu

INKQUBO YENKONZO

• Ukuxhuzula (ukuxhuzula)
• Ukuba nesiyezi
• Ukozela
• Uvakalelo olugqithisileyo lwentlalo-ntle (imincili)
• Intloko ebuhlungu
• Ukuphulukana nenkumbulo
• Uvalo
• Iyothusa
• Iinyikima
• Ukungazi (ukungabikho kokuphendula)

ULusu

• Isikhumba esomileyo, esiqhekekileyo
• Ulusu oluthuthu

Fumana uncedo lwezonyango kwangoko. MUSA ukumenza umntu aphose ngaphandle kokuba ulawula ityhefu okanye umniki-nkonzo akuyalela. Ukuba into ikwisikhumba okanye emehlweni, gungxula ngamanzi ubuncinci imizuzu eli-15.

Ukuba umntu uginye into, mnike amanzi okanye ubisi kwangoko, ukuba umboneleli ukuxelela ukuba wenze njalo. SUKUNIKA nantoni na ukuba isele xa umntu eneempawu ezenza ukuba kube nzima ukuginya. Oku kubandakanya ukugabha, ukuxhuzula, okanye inqanaba lokuncipha lokuqaqamba. Ukuba umntu uphefumle umsi, mshukumisele kumoya omtsha ngoko nangoko.

Ngaba olu lwazi lukulungele:

• Ubudala bomntu, ubunzima, kunye nemeko
• Igama lemveliso (kunye nezithako, ukuba ziyaziwa)
• Ixesha laliginyiwe
• Isixa siginyiwe

Iziko lakho lokulawula ityhefu lingafikelelwa ngokuthe ngqo ngokutsalela umnxeba wenombolo yasimahla yasimahla ku-1-800-222-1222) naphi na e-United States. Inombolo yomnxeba yesizwe iya kukuvumela ukuba uthethe neengcali zetyhefu. Baza kukunika eminye imiyalelo.

Le yinkonzo yasimahla neyimfihlo. Onke amaziko olawulo lwetyhefu aseMelika asebenzisa le nombolo yesizwe. Kuya kufuneka ubize ukuba unemibuzo malunga netyhefu okanye ukuthintela ityhefu. AKUFUNI ukuba ibe yingxakeko. Ungatsalela umnxeba nangasiphi na isizathu, iiyure ezingama-24 ngosuku, iintsuku ezisi-7 ngeveki.

Thatha ikhonteyina leyo uyise esibhedlele, ukuba kunokwenzeka.

Umboneleli uya kulinganisa kwaye abeke esweni iimpawu ezibalulekileyo zomntu, kubandakanya iqondo lobushushu, ukubetha kwentliziyo, inqanaba lokuphefumla, kunye noxinzelelo lwegazi.

Uvavanyo olunokwenziwa lunokubandakanya:

• Uvavanyo lwegazi kunye nomchamo
• I-Bronchoscopy-ikhamera ezantsi komqala ukujonga ukutsha kwi-airways nasemiphungeni
• I-x-ray yesifuba
• I-ECG (i-electrocardiogram okanye ukulandelwa kwentliziyo)
• Ikhamera ye-Endoscopy ezantsi emqaleni ukujonga ukutsha kwi-esophagus nakwisisu

Unyango lunokubandakanya:

• Ulwelo ngomthambo (ngo-IV)
• Ukuhlamba ulusu (ukunkcenkceshela), mhlawumbi rhoqo kwiiyure ezimbalwa kwiintsuku ezininzi
• Tube ngomlomo ungene esiswini ukuze uhlambe isisu (ukuhlamba isisu)
• Utyando lokususa isikhumba esitshisiweyo
• Ukuxhasa ukuphefumla, kubandakanya ityhubhu ngomlomo ukuya emiphungeni kunye nomatshini wokuphefumla (i-ventilator)

Ukusebenza kakuhle komntu kuxhomekeke ekubeni ityhefu kangakanani na kwaye unyango lufumaneka ngokukhawuleza kangakanani. Uncedo olukhawulezileyo lwezonyango lunikwa, ngcono ithuba lokuchacha.

Ukungena ngaphakathi kwezi zinto ixesha elide kunokubangela ukonakala kwengqondo okungapheliyo. Olu hlobo lomonakalo lubonakala ebantwini abafutha ezi zinto ngenjongo yokufumana phezulu.

Ukuginya ezo tyhefu kunokuba neziphumo ezibi kumalungu amaninzi omzimba. Ukutshiswa kwindlela yomoya okanye kwithumbu kunokukhokelela kwi-necrosis yethishu, okukhokelela kusulelo, ukothuka kunye nokufa, kwaneenyanga ezininzi emva kokuba into iginyiwe okokuqala. Amabala anokuvela kwezi zihlunu zikhokelela kubunzima bexesha elide ngokuphefumla, ukugwinya kunye nokwetyisa.

Ityhefu yeXylene

UAronons JK. Izinyibilikisi eziphilayo. Ku: Aronson JK, ed. Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zikaMeyler zeziyobisi. Ngomhla we-16. I-Waltham, MA: Elsevier; Ngo-2016: 385-389.

U-Wang GS, uBuchanan JA. IiHydrocarbon. Ku: Iindonga RM, iHockberger RS, iGausche-Hill M, ii-eds. Unyango lukaRosen oluNgxamisekileyo: iikhonsepthi kunye nokuziqhelanisa neklinikhi. Umhla we-9. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; I-2018: isahluko 152.