Ukunyuka kwentloko

Ukwanda kwesangqa sentloko kuxa umgama olinganisiweyo ujikeleze eyona ndawo ibanzi yekhakhayi inkulu kunokuba bekulindelwe ubudala nemvelaphi yomntwana.

Intloko yomntwana osandula ukuzalwa ihlala malunga ne-2 cm enkulu kunesayizi esifubeni. Phakathi kweenyanga ezi-6 kunye neminyaka emi-2, yomibini imilinganiselo iphantse yalingana. Emva kweminyaka emi-2, ubungakanani besifuba buba bukhulu kunentloko.

Imilinganiselo yokuhamba kwexesha ebonisa ukwanda kwenqanaba lokukhula kwentloko ihlala inikezela ngolwazi olubaluleke ngakumbi kunemilinganiselo enye emikhulu kunokuba bekulindelwe.

Ukonyusa uxinzelelo ngaphakathi kwentloko (ukonyuka koxinzelelo lwangaphakathi) kuhlala kwenzeka ngokujikeleza kwentloko. Iimpawu zale meko zibandakanya:

• Amehlo asezantsi
• Ukucaphuka
• Ukuhlanza

Ukunyusa ubungakanani beentloko kunokuba kunakho oku kulandelayo:

• I-macrocephaly yosapho losapho (utyekelo losapho kubukhulu bentloko enkulu)
• Isifo seCanavan (imeko echaphazela indlela umzimba ophuka ngayo kwaye isebenzise iproteni ebizwa ngokuba yi-aspartic acid)
• IHydrocephalus (ulwakhiwo lwamanzi ngaphakathi kolukakayi olukhokelela kukudumba kwengqondo)
• Ukopha ngaphakathi kukhakhayi
• Isifo apho umzimba ungakwaziyo ukophula amatyathanga amade eemolekyuli zeswekile (iHurler okanye iMorquio syndrome)

Umboneleli wezempilo uhlala efumana ubungakanani bentloko eyandisiweyo kusana ngexesha lovavanyo oluqhelekileyo lomntwana.

Kuya kwenziwa uvavanyo ngononophelo lomzimba. Kuya kujongwa amanye amabakala okukhula kunye nophuhliso.

Ngamanye amaxesha, umlinganiso omnye wanele ukuqinisekisa ukuba kukho ukonyuka kobungakanani ekufuneka kuvavanywe ngakumbi. Rhoqo, imilinganiselo ephindaphindwayo yokujikeleza kwentloko ngokuhamba kwexesha iyafuneka ukuqinisekisa ukuba isangqa sentloko siyonyuka kwaye ingxaki iya isiba mandundu.

Uvavanyo lokuchonga olunoku-odolwa lubandakanya:

• Ukuskena iNtloko ye-CT
• I-MRI yentloko

Unyango luxhomekeke kwisizathu sokonyuka kobukhulu bentloko. Umzekelo, kwihydrocephalus, utyando lunokufuneka ukukhupha ulwakhiwo ngaphakathi kolukakayi.

Macrocephaly

• Ukhakhayi losana olusandul 'ukuzalwa

IBamba V, Kelly A. Uvavanyo lokukhula. Ku: Kliegman RM, St Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, ii-eds. Incwadi kaNelson yeNcwadi yePediatrics. Umhla wama-21. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 27.

URobinson S, uCohen AR. Ukuphazamiseka kwimo yentloko kunye nobukhulu. Ku: UMartin RJ, uFanaroff AA, uWalsh MC, ii-eds. UFanaroff kunye noMartin's Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine. Ngomhla we-10. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2015: isahluko 64.