I-Tracheostomy

I-tracheostomy yinkqubo yoqhaqho yokwenza ukuvula ngentamo kwi-trachea (i-windpipe). Ityhubhu ihlala ibekwa kulo vulo ukubonelela ngendlela yomoya kunye nokususa ukhuseleko kwimiphunga. Le tyhubhu ibizwa ngokuba yityhubhu yetracheostomy okanye ityhubhu yetraki.

I-anesthesia ngokubanzi iyasetyenziswa, ngaphandle kokuba imeko ibalulekile. Ukuba oko kuyenzeka, iyeza elibandayo libekwa kuloo ndawo ukukunceda uzive ungaphantsi kweentlungu ngexesha lenkqubo. Amanye amayeza anikwa ukonwaba nokuzola (ukuba likhona ixesha).

Intamo iyacocwa kwaye igqunywe. Ukucinywa kotyando kwenzelwa ukuveza amakhonkco e-cartilage enza udonga lwangaphandle lwetrachea. Ugqirha wenza indawo yokuvula kwi-trachea kwaye afake ityhubhu yetracheostomy.

I-tracheostomy inokwenziwa ukuba unayo:

• Into enkulu ethintela indlela yomoya
• Ukungakwazi ukuphefumla ngokwakho
• Ukungaqheleki okufunyanwa njengelarynx okanye itrachea
• Ukuphefumla ngezinto eziyingozi njengomsi, umphunga, okanye ezinye iigesi eziyityhefu ezithi zidumbe kwaye zivale indlela yomoya
• Umhlaza wentamo, onokuthi uchaphazele ukuphefumla ngokucinezela kwindlela yomoya
• Ukukhubazeka kwezihlunu ezichaphazela ukugwinya
• Ukulimala kakhulu entanyeni okanye emlonyeni
• Utyando olujikeleze ibhokisi yelizwi (ingqula) ethintela ukuphefumla okuqhelekileyo nokuginya

Umngcipheko wayo nayiphi na i-anesthesia yile:

• Iingxaki zokuphefumla
• Ukuphendula kumayeza, kubandakanya ukubetha kwentliziyo kunye nokubetha, okanye ukusabela okungafunekiyo (irhashalala, ukudumba, ubunzima bokuphefumla)

Umngcipheko walo naluphi na utyando zezi:

• Ukopha
• Usulelo
• Ukulimala kwamathambo, kubandakanya ukukhubazeka
• Ukuqhekeka

Eminye imingcipheko ibandakanya:

• Unxibelelwano olungaqhelekanga phakathi kwetrachea kunye nemithambo yegazi emikhulu
• Umonakalo kwidlala lengqula
• Ukhukuliseko lwetrachea (kunqabile)
• Ukuhluzwa kwemiphunga kunye nokuwa kwemiphunga
• Isikizi izicubu kwitrachea ebangela iintlungu okanye ingxaki yokuphefumla

Umntu unokuba noloyiko kwaye azive engakwazi ukuphefumla kwaye athethe xa evuka kuqala emva kwetracheostomy kunye nokubekwa kwetyhubhu yetracheostomy. Olu luvo luya kuncipha ngokuhamba kwexesha. Amayeza anokunikwa ukunceda ukunciphisa uxinzelelo lomguli.

Ukuba i-tracheostomy yeyokwexeshana, ekugqibeleni ityhubhu iya kususwa. Ukuphilisa kuya kwenzeka ngokukhawuleza, kushiye inxeba elincinci. Ngamanye amaxesha, inkqubo yotyando inokudingeka ukuvala indawo (stoma).

Ngamaxesha athile ukuqina, okanye ukuqiniswa kwetrachea kunokukhula, okunokuchaphazela ukuphefumla.

Ukuba ityhubhu yetracheostomy isigxina, umngxuma uhlala uvulekile.

Uninzi lwabantu ludinga iintsuku ezi-1 ukuya kwezi-3 ukuziqhelanisa nokuphefumla ngombhobho we-tracheostomy. Kuya kuthatha ixesha elithile ukuba ufunde ukunxibelelana nabanye. Ekuqaleni, kusenokwenzeka ukuba umntu angathetha okanye enze izandi.

Emva koqeqesho kunye nokuziqhelanisa, uninzi lwabantu lunokufunda ukuthetha ngombhobho we-tracheostomy. Abantu okanye amalungu osapho afunda ukukhathalela i-tracheostomy ngexesha lokuhlala esibhedlele. Inkonzo yokunyamekela ekhaya inokufumaneka.

Kuya kufuneka ubuyele kwindlela yakho yesiqhelo. Xa ungaphandle, unxiba isigqubuthelo esivulekileyo (isikhafu okanye olunye ukhuselo) ngaphezulu kwetromaostomy stoma (umngxunya). Sebenzisa amanyathelo okhuseleko xa uvezwa emanzini, iierosol, umgubo, okanye amasuntswana okutya.

• Tracheostomy - uthotho

IGreenwood JC, iWinters ME. Ukhathalelo lweTracheostomy. Ku: Roberts JR, Custalow CB, Thomsen TW, ii-eds. Iinkqubo zeKlinikhi zikaRoberts kunye neHedges kwiNyango kaXakeka kunye noKhathalelo oluQhelekileyo. Umhla wesi-7. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; I-2019: isahluko 7.

UKelly AM. Ezongxamiseko zokuphefumla. Ku: Cameron P, Jelinek G, Kelly AM, Brown A, Little M, ii-eds. Incwadi yezeMpilo yabantu abadala. Ngomhla we-4. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Churchill Livingstone; 2015: isahluko 6.