Iingxaki zolwimi

Iingxaki zolwimi zibandakanya iintlungu, ukudumba, okanye utshintsho kwindlela olujonga ngayo ulwimi.

Ulwimi ikakhulu lwenziwe yimisipha. Igqunywe inwebu yangaphakathi. Amaqhuma amancinci (ipapillae) agubungela umphezulu wenxalenye engasemva yolwimi.

• Phakathi kwepapillae kukho incasa yemidumba evumela ukuba ungcamle.
• Ulwimi luhambisa ukutya ukukunceda uhlafune kwaye uginye.
• Ulwimi lukwanceda ukuba wenze amagama.

Zininzi izizathu ezahlukeneyo zotshintsho ekusebenzeni kolwimi nakwimbonakalo.

INGXAKI UKUHAMBA NGOLWIMI

Iingxaki zokuhamba kolwimi zihlala zibangelwa ngumonakalo wemithambo-luvo. Rhoqo, iingxaki zokuhambisa ulwimi zisenokubangelwa sisifo apho ibhanti yethishu edibanisa ulwimi kumgangatho womlomo imfutshane kakhulu. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-ankyloglossia.

Iingxaki zokuhamba kolwimi zingakhokelela:

• Iingxaki zokuncancisa kwiintsana
• Kunzima ukuhambisa ukutya ngexesha lokuhlafuna nokuginya
• Iingxaki zentetho

KULUNGISA IINGXAKI

Iingxaki zokungcamla zinokubangelwa:

• Umonakalo kwiincasa zeencasa
• Iingxaki zemithambo-luvo
• Iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zamanye amayeza
• Usulelo, okanye enye imeko

Ulwimi ludla ngokuziva ubumnandi, ubutyiwa, ubumuncu, kunye nokukrakra. Olunye u "thando" ngokwenene ngumsebenzi wokuziva ivumba.

UKWANDISWA KOBUDALA BOLWIMI

Ukudumba kolwimi kwenzeka nge:

• Isiseko
• Amyloidosis
• Isifo esiphantsi
• Imyxedema
• IRhabdomyoma
• Umkhuhlane uWilli Syndrome

Ulwimi lusenokuya lubanzi kubantu abangenawo amazinyo kwaye abangawafaki amazinyo emboleko.

Ukudumba ngesiquphe kolwimi kunokwenzeka ngenxa yokungahambelani komzimba okanye iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga zamayeza.

UTSHINTSHO KWIMIBALA

Utshintsho lwemibala lunokwenzeka xa ulwimi ludumba (glossitis). Iipapillae (amaqhuma elulwimini) ayalahleka, ibangela ukuba ulwimi lubonakale luthambile. Ulwimi lweJografi luhlobo olunamaqhakuva lwe-glossitis apho indawo yokudumba kunye nokubonakala kolwimi kutshintsha imihla ngemihla.

ULWIMI LWEENWELE

Ulwimi lweenwele yimeko apho ulwimi lubonakala ngathi lunoboya okanye lunoboya. Ngamanye amaxesha inokunyangwa ngamayeza okubola.

ULWIMI OLUMNYAMA

Ngamanye amaxesha umphezulu wolwimi ujika ubemnyama okanye mdaka ngombala. Le meko ayibukeki kodwa ayiyongozi.

IINTLUNGU OLWIMI

Ubuhlungu bunokwenzeka nge-glossitis kunye nolwimi lwendawo. Intlungu yolwimi inokwenzeka kwakhona:

• Isifo seswekile
• Leukoplakia
• Izilonda zomlomo
• Umhlaza womlomo

Emva kokuyeka ukuya exesheni, abanye abantu basetyhini bavakalelwa ngesiquphe ukuba ulwimi lwabo lutshisiwe. Oku kubizwa ngokuba sisifo esivuthayo solwimi okanye i-idiopathic glossopyrosis. Akukho lonyango luthile lokutshisa ulwimi, kodwa i-capsaicin (isithako esenza i-pepper spicy) inokunika isiqabu kwabanye abantu.

Usulelo oluncinci okanye ukucaphuka zezona zinto zixhaphakileyo kulwimi. Ukwenzakala, njengokuluma ulwimi, kunokubangela izilonda ezibuhlungu. Ukutshaya kakhulu kunokulucaphukisa ulwimi kwaye kulwenze lube buhlungu.

Isilonda esibi kulwimi okanye kwenye indawo emlonyeni siqhelekile. Oku kubizwa ngokuba sisilonda somqala kwaye kunokuvela ngaphandle kwesizathu esaziwayo.

Izizathu ezinokubangela iintlungu zolwimi zibandakanya:

• Ukunqongophala kwegazi
• Umhlaza
• Amazinyo okufakelwa aphazamisa ulwimi
• I-herpes yomlomo (izilonda)
• Neuralgia
• Ubuhlungu obuvela emazinyweni nasezintsinini
• Intlungu esuka entliziyweni

Izizathu ezinokubangelwa kukungcangcazela kolwimi:

• Ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo
• Ukugqithisa kwe-thyroid

Unobangela onokubakho wolwimi olumhlophe:

• Ukucaphuka kwendawo
• Ukutshaya kunye nokusetyenziswa kotywala

Unobangela wolwimi olugudileyo:

• Ukunqongophala kwegazi
• Ukusilela kweVitamin B12

Unobangela onokubangela obomvu (ukusukela kupinki ukuya kubomvu-bumfusa) ulwimi:

• I-Folic acid kunye ne-vitamin B12
• IPellagra
• I-anemia enobunzima
• Isifo sePlummer-Vinson
• Sprue

Izizathu ezinokubangela ukudumba kolwimi:

• Isiseko
• Ukunyangeka kokutya okanye amayeza
• Amyloidosis
• I-Angioedema
• Isifo se-Beckwith
• Umhlaza wolwimi
• I-micrognathia yokuzalwa
• Isifo esiphantsi
• IHypothyroidism
• Usulelo
• Ileukemia
• Lymphangioma
• Neurofibromatosis
• IPellagra
• I-anemia enobunzima
• Usulelo lwe-Strep
• Ukudumba kwencindi yebhinqa

Unobangela wolwimi olunoboya:

• UGawulayo
• Unyango lwe-Antibiotic
• Ukusela ikofu
• Idayi kwiziyobisi nakukutya
• Iimeko zonyango ezingapheliyo
• Ukusetyenziswa gwenxa kweendawo zokuhlamba umlomo ezinemixube ye-oxidizing okanye ye-astringent
• Imitha yentloko nentamo
• Ukusetyenziswa kwecuba

Ukuziqhelanisa nokuzikhathalela ngomlomo kunokunceda ulwimi olunoboya kunye nolwimi olumnyama. Qiniseka ukuba utya ukutya okunezondlo.

Izilonda zenqanawa ziya kuziphilisa ngokwazo.

Jonga ugqirha wakho wamazinyo ukuba unengxaki yolwimi ebangelwe ngamazinyo okufakelwa.

Ii-antihistamines zinokunceda ekuthomalaliseni ulwimi oludumbileyo olubangelwa kukungabikho komzimba. Kuphephe ukutya okanye iziyobisi ezibangela ukudumba kolwimi. Funa unyango ngokukhawuleza ukuba ukudumba kuyaqala ukwenza ukuphefumla kubenzima.

Fowunela umboneleli wakho wezempilo ukuba ingxaki yakho yolwimi iyaqhubeka.

Umboneleli uya kwenza uvavanyo lomzimba, ukujonga ngokusondeleyo kulwimi. Unokubuzwa imibuzo efana nale:

• Uyiqaphele nini okokuqala ingxaki?
• Ngaba ukhe wanempawu ezifanayo ngaphambili?
• Ngaba uneentlungu, ukudumba, iingxaki zokuphefumla, okanye ubunzima bokuginya? Ngaba kukho iingxaki ngokuthetha okanye ukuhambisa ulwimi?
• Uluqaphele utshintsho kwincasa?
• Unalo ulwimi ukungcangcazela?
• Yintoni ebangela ingxaki ngakumbi? Uzamile ntoni okuncedayo?
• Ngaba unxiba amazinyo emboleko?
• Ngaba kukho iingxaki ngamazinyo, iintsini, imilebe, okanye umqala? Ngaba ulwimi luphuma igazi?
• Ngaba unerhashalala okanye umkhuhlane? Ngaba unayo i-aleji?
• Ngawaphi amayeza owasebenzisayo?
• Ngaba usebenzisa iimveliso zecuba okanye usele utywala?

Unokufuna uvavanyo lwegazi okanye i-biopsy ukujonga ezinye iimeko.

Unyango luxhomekeke kwisizathu sengxaki yolwimi. Unyango olunokubakho lubandakanya:

• Ukuba umonakalo wentsholongwane ubangele ingxaki yokuhamba kolwimi, imeko kufuneka inyangwe. Unyango lunokufuneka ukuphucula intetho kunye nokuginya.
• I-Ankyloglossia isenokungafuneki ukuba inyangwe, ngaphandle kokuba unengxaki yokuthetha okanye yokuginya. Utyando lokukhupha ulwimi lunokuyiphelisa ingxaki.
• Iyeza linokumiselwa kwizilonda zomlomo, i-leukoplakia, umhlaza womlomo kunye nezinye izilonda zomlomo.
• Amayeza alwa nokudumba anokumiselwa kwi-glossititis kunye nolwimi lwendawo.

Ulwimi olumnyama; Ulwimi oluvuthayo-iimpawu

• Ulwimi olunenwele emnyama
• Ulwimi olunenwele emnyama

UDaniels TE, iJordani RC. Izifo zomlomo kunye neengqungquthela. Ku: IGoldman L, iSchafer AI, ii-eds. Amayeza eGoldman-Cecil. Umhla wama-25. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; Ngo-2016: isahluko 425.

UMirowski GW, uLeblanc J, uMark LA. Isifo somlomo kunye nokubonakaliswa komlomo kwesifo sesisu kunye nesifo sesibindi. Ku: UFeldman M, uFriedman LS, uBrandt LJ, ii-eds. Sleisenger kunye neFordtran's Gastrointestinal and Liver Disease. Ngomhla we-10. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: isahluko 24.

Turner MD. Ukubonakaliswa ngomlomo kwezifo zenkqubo. Ku: Flint PW, Haughey BH, Lund V, et al, ii-eds. I-Cummings Otolaryngology: Utyando lweNtloko kunye neNtamo. Umhla wesi-6. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2015: isahluko 14.