Khohlela

Ukukhohlela yindlela ebalulekileyo yokugcina umqala wakho kunye neendlela zomoya zicacile. Kodwa ukukhwehlela kakhulu kunokuthetha ukuba unesifo okanye uphazamiseko.

Ezinye izikhohlela zomile. Ezinye zinemveliso. Ukukhohlela okuvelisayo yinto ezisa i-mucus. I-Mucus ikwabizwa ngokuba yiphlegm okanye isikhohlela.

Ukukhwehlela kunokuba nzima okanye kungapheliyo:

• Ukukhwehlela okuqhelekileyo kuhlala kuqala ngokukhawuleza kwaye kuhlala kubangelwa kukusuleleka ngumkhuhlane, umkhuhlane okanye isifo sesono. Bahlala bemka emva kweeveki ezintathu.
• Ukukhwehlela okukhoyo kudlulileyo kwiiveki ezi-3 ukuya kwezi-8.
• Ukukhohlela okungapheliyo kuhlala ixesha elingaphezu kweeveki ezisi-8.

Izizathu eziqhelekileyo zokukhwehlela zi:

• Izinto ezithile ezibandakanya impumlo okanye iisinus
• I-asthma kunye ne-COPD (i-emphysema okanye i-bronchitis engapheliyo)
• Umkhuhlane kunye nomkhuhlane
• Izifo ezinjenge-pneumonia okanye i-bronchitis
• Sinusitis kunye postnasal drip

Ezinye izizathu zibandakanya:

• I-ACE inhibitors (amayeza asetyenziselwa ukunyanga uxinzelelo lwegazi, ukusilela kwentliziyo, okanye izifo zezintso)
• Ukutshaya icuba okanye ukubhencwa kukutshaya
• Isifo se-reflux sesifo se-Gastroesophageal (GERD)
• Umhlaza wemiphunga
• Isifo semiphunga esinjenge-bronchiectasis okanye isifo sangaphakathi semiphunga

Ukuba une-asthma okanye esinye isifo esingapheliyo semiphunga, qiniseka ukuba uthatha amayeza amiselweyo ngumboneleli wakho wezempilo.

Nazi ezinye iingcebiso zokunceda ukukhohlela ukhohlokhohlo:

• Ukuba unomqala owomileyo, okhawulezayo, zama amathontsi okhohlela okanye iilekese ezilukhuni. Ungaze uzinike umntwana ongaphantsi kweminyaka emi-3, kuba zinokubangela ukukrwitshwa.
• Sebenzisa i-vaporizer okanye uthathe ishawa yomphunga ukuze unyuse ukufuma emoyeni kwaye uncede uthomalalise umqala owomileyo.
• Sela amanzi amaninzi. Ulwelo lunceda ukuncipha umqala emqaleni wakho ukuze kube lula ukuwukhohlela.
• Ungatshayi, kwaye hlala kude nomsi wecuba.

Amayeza onokuzithenga ngawo aquka:

• I-Guaifenesin inceda ukuqhekeza i-mucus. Landela imiyalelo yephakheji malunga nokuba ungathatha malini. Sukuthatha ngaphezulu kwesixa esinconywayo. Sela amanzi amaninzi ukuba uthatha eli yeza.
• Ama-Decongestants anceda ukucoca impumlo egudileyo kunye nokuthintela ukubhobhoza kwasemva kokubeleka. Khangela umboneleli wakho ngaphambi kokuba uthathe ama-decongestants ukuba unoxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu.
• Thetha nomboneleli womntwana wakho ngaphambi kokuba unike abantwana abaneminyaka emi-6 nangaphantsi iyeza elingaphaya kwamayeza, nokuba libhalwe abantwana. La mayeza kusenokwenzeka ukuba awasebenzi kubantwana, kwaye anokuba neziphumo ebezingalindelekanga ezibi.

Ukuba unamaxesha okwaliwa ngamaxesha athile, anje ngehay fever:

• Hlala ngaphakathi ngaphakathi ngeentsuku okanye ngamaxesha omhla (ngesiqhelo kusasa) xa i-allergen ezihanjiswa ngumoya ziphezulu.
• Gcina iifestile zivaliwe kwaye usebenzise isixhobo somoya.
• Sukusebenzisa iifeni ezitsala umoya ngaphandle.
• Hlamba kwaye utshintshe iimpahla zakho emva kokuba ungaphandle.

Ukuba une-aleji unyaka wonke, gubungela imiqamelo kunye noomatrasi ngezimbozo zothuli, sebenzisa isicoci somoya, kwaye uphephe izilwanyana zasekhaya ezinoboya kunye nezinye izinto ezibangela uloyiko.

Tsalela umnxeba ku-911 ukuba unayo:

• Ukuphefumla kancinci okanye ukuphefumla nzima
• Imihlathi okanye ubuso budumbile okanye umqala kunzima ukuginya

Shayela umniki-nkonzo wakho ngokukhawuleza ukuba umntu okhohlela unakho oku kulandelayo:

• Isifo sentliziyo, ukudumba emilenzeni, okanye ukukhohlela kuya kusiba mandundu xa ulele (kunokuba yimiqondiso yokusilela kwentliziyo)
• Uye wadibana nomntu onesifo sephepha
• Ukuphulukana nobunzima ngokungenanjongo okanye ukubila ebusuku (inokuba sisifo sephepha)
• Usana olungaphantsi kweenyanga ezintathu ubudala lukhohlela
• Ukukhwehlela kuhlala ngaphezulu kweentsuku ezili-10 ukuya kwezi-14
• Isikhohlela esivelisa igazi
• Umkhuhlane (unokuba luphawu losulelo lwebhaktiriya olufuna i-antibiotics)
• Isandi esiphakamileyo (esibizwa ngokuba yi-stridor) xa uphefumla
• I-phlegm eqinileyo, enukayo, eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka (inokuba sisifo sentsholongwane)
• Ukukhwehlela okukhohlakeleyo okuqala ngokukhawuleza

Umboneleli uya kwenza uvavanyo lomzimba. Uya kubuzwa malunga nokukhohlela kwakho. Imibuzo inokubandakanya:

• Xa ukukhohlela kwaqala
• Kuvakala njani
• Ukuba kukho ipatheni kuyo
• Yintoni eyenza ibe ngcono okanye ibe mbi
• Ukuba unezinye iimpawu, ezinje ngomkhuhlane

Umboneleli uya kuvavanya iindlebe zakho, impumlo, umqala, nesifuba.

Uvavanyo olunokwenziwa lunokubandakanya:

• I-x-ray yesifuba okanye i-CT scan
• Uvavanyo lomsebenzi wemiphunga
• Uvavanyo lwegazi
• Uvavanyo lokujonga intliziyo, njenge-echocardiogram

Unyango luxhomekeke kwisizathu sokukhohlela.

• Umkhuhlane kunye nomkhuhlane - yintoni oza kuyibuza ugqirha wakho - umntu omdala
• Umkhuhlane kunye nomkhuhlane-yintoni oza kuyibuza ugqirha-umntwana wakho
• Xa usana lwakho okanye usana lwakho lunomkhuhlane

• Amaphaphu

IChung KF, iMazone SB. Khohlela. Ku: Broaddus VC, Mason RJ, Ernst JD, et al, ii-eds. Incwadi kaMurray kunye neNadel yeyeza lokuphefumla. Umhla wesi-6. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: isahluko 30.

UKraft M. Indlela eya kwisigulana esinezifo zokuphefumla. Ku: IGoldman L, iSchafer AI, ii-eds. Amayeza eGoldman-Cecil. Umhla wama-25. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; I-2016: isahluko 83.