Ifiva

Umkhuhlane kukunyuka kwethutyana kubushushu bomzimba ekuphenduleni isifo okanye ukugula.

Umntwana unefiva xa iqondo lobushushu likulu okanye ngaphezulu kwelinye lala manqanaba:

• I-100.4 ° F (38 ° C) ilinganiswe ezantsi (ngokuthe ngqo)
• I-99.5 ° F (37.5 ° C) ilinganiswe emlonyeni (ngomlomo)
• I-99 ° F (37.2 ° C) ilinganiswe phantsi kwengalo (i-axillary)

Umntu omdala kusenokwenzeka ukuba unefiva xa ubushushu bungaphezulu kwama-99 ° F ukuya kuma-99.5 ° F (37.2 ° C kuye kuma-37.5 ° C), ngokuxhomekeke kwixesha losuku.

Ubushushu obuqhelekileyo bomzimba bunokutshintsha ngalo naluphi na usuku. Ihlala iphezulu ngokuhlwa. Ezinye izinto ezinokuchaphazela iqondo lobushushu emzimbeni zezi:

• Umjikelo wesini sowesifazane. Kwinxalenye yesibini yalo mjikelo, iqondo lobushushu lakhe linokunyuka nge-1 degree okanye nangaphezulu.
• Umsebenzi womzimba, imvakalelo eyomeleleyo, ukutya, impahla enzima, amayeza, iqondo lobushushu kwigumbi eliphezulu, kunye nokufuma okuphezulu kunako konke ukwandisa ubushushu bomzimba.

Umkhuhlane yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yokuzikhusela komzimba kusulelo. Uninzi lweebhaktheriya kunye neentsholongwane ezibangela usulelo ebantwini zikhula kakuhle kwi-98.6 ° F (37 ° C). Uninzi lweentsana kunye nabantwana baba nefiva ephezulu enezifo zentsholongwane encinci. Nangona umkhuhlane ubonakalisa ukuba idabi linokuba liqhubeka emzimbeni, umkhuhlane ulwela, hayi umntu.

Umonakalo wobuchopho kumkhuhlane ngokubanzi awuzukwenzeka ngaphandle kokuba umkhuhlane ungaphezulu kwe-107.6 ° F (42 ° C). Imikhuhlane enganyangekiyo ebangelwe lusulelo ayisayi kudlula kwi-105 ° F (40.6 ° C) ngaphandle kokuba umntwana uxinene kakhulu okanye kwindawo eshushu.

Ukubanjwa kwe-Febrile kwenzeka kwabanye abantwana. Uninzi lokuxhuzula olungenamsebenzi luphelile ngokukhawuleza kwaye akuthethi ukuba umntwana wakho unesathuthwane. Oku kuhlutha akubangeli nakuphi na ukwenzakala okusisigxina.

Imikhuhlane engachazwanga eqhubeka kangangeentsuku okanye iiveki ibizwa ngokuba yimfiva yemvelaphi engachazwanga (FUO).

Phantse naluphi na usulelo kunokubangela umkhuhlane, kubandakanya:

• Usulelo lwe-Bone (i-osteomyelitis), i-appendicitis, usulelo lolusu okanye i-cellulitis, kunye ne-meningitis
• Izifo zokuphefumula ezinjengomkhuhlane okanye izifo ezinje ngomkhuhlane, umqala obuhlungu, usulelo lwendlebe, usulelo lwe-sinus, i-mononucleosis, i-bronchitis, inyumoniya kunye nesifo sephepha
• Usulelo lomjelo womchamo
• I-gastroenteritis yentsholongwane kunye ne-bacterial gastroenteritis

Abantwana banokubanomkhuhlane ophantsi kangangeentsuku ezi-1 okanye ezi-2 emva kogonyo.

Ukuxutywa kwamazinyo kunokubangela ukunyuka okuncinci kubushushu bomntwana, kodwa kungabi ngaphezulu kwe-100 ° F (37.8 ° C).

Ukuphazamiseka komzimba okuzenzekelayo okanye ukudumba kunokubangela nefiva. Eminye imizekelo yile:

• Isifo samathambo okanye izifo ezinxulumene nezicubu ezinje nge-rheumatoid arthritis kunye ne-systemic lupus erythematosus
• Ulcerative colitis kunye nesifo sikaCrohn
• I-Vasculitis okanye i-periarteritis nodosa

Iimpawu zokuqala zomhlaza zisenokuba ngumkhuhlane. Oku kuyinyani ngokukodwa kwisifo seHodgkin, i-non-Hodgkin lymphoma, kunye neleukemia.

Ezinye izinto ezinokubangela umkhuhlane zibandakanya:

• Amahlwili egazi okanye i-thrombophlebitis
• Amayeza, anje ngamayeza okubulala iintsholongwane, ii-antihistamines, kunye nokuthimba amayeza

Usuleleko olulula okanye olunye usulelo lwentsholongwane ngamanye amaxesha kunokubangela umkhuhlane omkhulu (102 ° F ukuya kwi-104 ° F okanye i-38.9 ° C ukuya kuma-40 ° C). Oku akuthethi ukuba wena okanye umntwana wakho unengxaki enkulu. Ezinye izifo ezinzulu azibangeli umkhuhlane okanye zingabangela ukushisa komzimba, kakhulu kwiintsana.

Ukuba umkhuhlane uthambile kwaye awunazo ezinye iingxaki, awudingi nyango. Sela amanzi kunye nokuphumla.

Isigulo mhlawumbi asibi kakhulu ukuba umntwana wakho:

• Usenomdla wokudlala
• Ngaba utya kwaye usele kakuhle
• Ulumkile kwaye uyamomotheka kuwe
• Unombala oqhelekileyo wolusu
• Ijongeka kakuhle xa ubushushu babo busehla

Thatha amanyathelo okwehlisa umkhuhlane ukuba wena okanye umntwana wakho awonwabanga, uyagabha, womile (uphelelwe ngamanzi emzimbeni) okanye awulali kakuhle. Khumbula, injongo kukuthoba, hayi ukuphelisa, umkhuhlane.

Xa uzama ukunciphisa umkhuhlane:

• MUSA ukubopha umntu opholileyo.
• Susa iimpahla ezigqithileyo okanye iingubo. Igumbi kufuneka lihlale kamnandi, lingatshisi kakhulu okanye lipholile. Zama umaleko omnye weempahla ezilula, kunye nengubo enye engasindi xa ulele. Ukuba igumbi lishushu okanye lixinekile, ifeni inokunceda.
• Ukuhlamba okufudumeleyo okanye isponji kunokunceda ukupholisa umntu onomkhuhlane. Oku kuyasebenza emva kokuba unikiwe iyeza- kungenjalo iqondo lobushushu linokubuya kwakhona.
• MUSA ukusebenzisa iibhafu ezibandayo, umkhenkce okanye utywala. Oku kuyapholisa ulusu, kodwa kuhlala kuyenza mandundu imeko ngokubangela ukungcangcazela, okunyusa ubushushu bomzimba obusisiseko.

Nazi izikhokelo zokuthatha amayeza ukunciphisa umkhuhlane:

• I-Acetaminophen (iTylenol) kunye ne-ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin) inceda ukunciphisa umkhuhlane kubantwana nakubantu abadala. Ngamanye amaxesha ababoneleli ngempilo bayakucebisa ukuba usebenzise zombini ezi ndlela zonyango.
• Thatha i-acetaminophen qho kwiiyure ezi-4 ukuya kwezi-6. Isebenza ngokuguqula i-thermostat yengqondo.
• Thatha ibuprofen qho kwiiyure ezi-6 ukuya kwezi-8. MUSA ukusebenzisa ibuprofen ebantwaneni kwiinyanga ezi-6 okanye ngaphantsi.
• I-Aspirin isebenza kakhulu ekunyangeni umkhuhlane kubantu abadala. UNGANIKI i-aspirin emntwaneni ngaphandle kokuba umboneleli womntwana wakho akuxelele njalo.
• Yazi ukuba ubunzima bakho okanye bomntwana wakho bungakanani. Emva koko jonga imiyalelo kwiphakheji ukufumana idosi echanekileyo.
• Kubantwana iinyanga ezintathu okanye ngaphantsi, biza umnikezeli womntwana wakho kuqala ngaphambi kokuba unike amayeza.

Ukutya nokusela:

• Wonke umntu, ngakumbi abantwana, kufuneka basele iziselo ezininzi. Amanzi, iipopu zomkhenkce, isuphu kunye nejelatin zonke zizinto ezilungileyo onokukhetha kuzo.
• Kubantwana abancinci musa ukunika incindi yeziqhamo okanye i-apile, kwaye unganiki iziselo zemidlalo.
• Nangona ukutya kulungile, musa ukunyanzela ukutya.

Shayela umnikezeli ngokukhawuleza ukuba umntwana wakho:

• Ngaba iinyanga ezi-3 okanye ngaphantsi kwaye ineqondo lobushushu elingu-100.4 ° F (38 ° C) okanye ngaphezulu
• Ngaba unenyanga ezi-3 ukuya kwezi-12 ubudala kwaye unefiva eyi-102.2 ° F (39 ° C) okanye ngaphezulu
• Ngaba uneminyaka emi-2 okanye ngaphantsi kwaye unefiva ehlala ixesha elingaphezulu kweeyure ezingama-24 ukuya kuma-48
• Ukhulile kwaye unefiva ngaphezulu kweeyure ezingama-48 ukuya kwezingama-72
• Unomkhuhlane we-105 ° F (40.5 ° C) okanye ngaphezulu, ngaphandle kokuba wehla ngokulula ngonyango kwaye umntu ukhululekile
• Ngaba zinezinye iimpawu ezibonisa ukuba isigulo sinokufuna ukunyangwa, njengomqala obuhlungu, intloko ebuhlungu, okanye ukukhohlela
• Ngaba kuye kwafika ifiva kwaye iqhubeke ukuya kuthi ga kwiveki okanye nangaphezulu, nokuba ezi ziphakamileyo aziphezulu kakhulu
• Unesifo esibi kwezonyango, esifana nengxaki yentliziyo, irhengqa leasemia, isifo seswekile, okanye icystic fibrosis
• Kutshanje kugonyiwe
• Unerhashalala okanye imivumbo emitsha
• Unentlungu xa uchama
• Unamajoni omzimba abuthathaka (ngenxa yonyango lwexesha elide [olunganyangekiyo] lwe-steroid, umongo wethambo okanye ukufakelwa kwamalungu, ukususwa kwencindi, iHIV / AIDS, okanye unyango lomhlaza)
• Kutshanje uye kwelinye ilizwe

Fowunela umboneleli wakho kwangoko ukuba umdala kwaye wena:

• Unomkhuhlane we-105 ° F (40.5 ° C) okanye ngaphezulu, ngaphandle kokuba yehle ngokulula kunyango kwaye ukhululekile
• Unomkhuhlane ohleli okanye oqhubeka unyuka ngaphezulu kwe-103 ° F (39.4 ° C)
• Unomkhuhlane ixesha elingaphezulu kweeyure ezingama-48 ukuya kwezingama-72
• Ngaba imikhuhlane iye yaza yaya kufikelela kwiveki okanye nangaphezulu, nokuba ayiphezulu kakhulu
• Unesifo esibi sezonyango, njengengxaki yentliziyo, iarhente yesifo segazi, isifo seswekile, icystic fibrosis, iCOPD, okanye ezinye iingxaki zemiphunga zexesha elide (ezingapheliyo)
• Yiba nerhashalala okanye imivumbo
• Yiba neentlungu xa uchama
• Unamajoni omzimba abuthathaka (ukusuka kunyango olunganyangekiyo lwe-steroid, umongo wethambo okanye ukufakelwa komzimba, ukususwa kwespen, i-HIV / AIDS, okanye unyango lomhlaza)
• Kutshanje ndiye kwelinye ilizwe

Tsalela u-911 okanye inombolo yongxamiseko yendawo ukuba wena okanye umntwana wakho unefiva kwaye:

• Uyakhala kwaye akanako ukuzola (abantwana)
• Ayikwazi ukuvuswa ngokulula okanye konke konke
• Kubonakala kudidekile
• Asikwazi kuhamba
• Unobunzima bokuphefumla, nasemva kokuba kucinyiwe impumlo
• Unemilebe eluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, ulwimi, okanye iinzipho
• Unentloko ebuhlungu kakhulu
• Unentamo elukhuni
• Uyala ukuhambisa ingalo okanye umlenze (abantwana)
• Uxhuzula

Umboneleli wakho uya kwenza uvavanyo lomzimba. Oku kunokubandakanya uvavanyo olucokisekileyo lolusu, amehlo, iindlebe, impumlo, umqala, intamo, isifuba kunye nesisu ukukhangela unobangela womkhuhlane.

Unyango luxhomekeke kubude bexesha kunye nesizathu sefiva, kunye nezinye iimpawu.

Olu vavanyo lulandelayo lunokwenziwa:

• Uvavanyo lwegazi, olunjenge-CBC okanye umahluko wegazi
• Uhlalutyo lomchamo
• X-ray esifubeni

Ukuphakama kobushushu; Hyperthermia; IPyrexia; Ulwabiwo

• Umkhuhlane kunye nomkhuhlane - yintoni oza kuyibuza ugqirha wakho - umntu omdala
• Umkhuhlane kunye nomkhuhlane-yintoni oza kuyibuza ugqirha-umntwana wakho
• Ukuxhuzula ngoFebruwari-yintoni ekufuneka uyibuze kugqirha wakho
• Xa usana lwakho okanye usana lwakho lunomkhuhlane

• Ubushushu beqondo lobushushu
• Umlinganiselo wobushushu

Umlenze JE. Indlela yokufumana umkhuhlane okanye ukosuleleka kukosuleleka kwindawo eqhelekileyo. Ku: IGoldman L, iSchafer AI, ii-eds. Amayeza eGoldman-Cecil. Ngomhla wama-26. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 264.

I-Nield LS, uKamat D. Umkhuhlane. Ku: Kliegman RM, St Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, ii-eds. Incwadi kaNelson yeNcwadi yePediatrics. Umhla wama-21. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahl. 201.