Intshukumo-ayilungelelaniswanga

Ukuhamba okungalungelelaniswanga kungenxa yengxaki yokulawula izihlunu ebangela ukungakwazi ukulungelelanisa iintshukumo. Kukhokelela ekunyakazeni oku-jerky, okungazinzanga, ukuya-noku-kuhamba komzimba (isiqu) kunye nokungahlali (isitayile sokuhamba). Inokuchaphazela namalungu.

Igama lonyango lale meko yi-ataxia.

Ukuhamba okumnandi kufuna ulungelelwaniso phakathi kwamaqela emisipha ahlukeneyo. Inxalenye yengqondo ebizwa ngokuba yi-cerebellum ilawula le bhalansi.

I-Ataxia inokuchaphazela kakubi imisebenzi yokuphila yemihla ngemihla.

Izifo ezonakalisa i-cerebellum, umnqonqo, okanye imithambo-luvo inokuphazamisa ukuhamba kwesihlunu okuqhelekileyo. Isiphumo sikhulu, sinyikima, asinakulungelelaniswa.

Ukulimala kwengqondo okanye izifo ezinokubangela ukunyakaza okungahambelaniyo kubandakanya:

• Ukulimala kwengqondo okanye ukwenzakala entloko
• I-chickenpox okanye ezinye izifo zengqondo (encephalitis)
• Iimeko ezidluliswa kwiintsapho (ezinje ngokuzalwa kwe-cerebellar ataxia, iFriedreich ataxia, ataxia - telangiectasia, okanye isifo seWilson)
• Multiple sclerosis (MS)
• Stroke okanye uhlaselo lwexeshana lwe-ischemic (TIA)

Ityhefu okanye iziphumo ezinetyhefu ezibangelwa:

• Utywala
• Amayeza athile
• Izinyithi ezinzima ezifana ne-mercury, i-thallium kunye ne-lead
• Izinto zokunyibilikisa ezifana ne-toluene okanye i-carbon tetrachloride
• Iziyobisi ezingekho mthethweni

Ezinye izizathu zibandakanya:

• Eminye imihlaza, apho iimpawu zokuhamba ezingahambelaniyo zinokubonakala iinyanga okanye iminyaka ngaphambi kokuba kufunyaniswe umhlaza (obizwa ngokuba yi-paraneoplastic syndrome)
• Iingxaki zemithambo-luvo emilenzeni (i-neuropathy)
• Ukulimala komqolo okanye isifo esibangela ukonakala kwintambo yomqolo (njengokuqhekeka komqolo)

Uvavanyo lokhuselo lwasekhaya ngonyango lomzimba lunokuba luncedo.

Thatha amanyathelo okwenza kube lula kwaye kukhuseleke ukuhamba ekhaya. Umzekelo, lahla ukungqubana, shiya iindlela zokuhamba ezibanzi, kwaye ususe iitrayi zokuphosa okanye ezinye izinto ezinokubangela ukutyibilika okanye ukuwa.

Abantu abakule meko kufuneka bakhuthazwe ukuba bathathe inxaxheba kwimisebenzi yesiqhelo. Amalungu osapho kufuneka abe nomonde kumntu ongalungelelananga kakuhle. Thatha ixesha ubonise umntu iindlela zokwenza imisebenzi ngokulula. Wasebenzise amandla omntu ngelixa uphepha ubuthathaka babo.

Buza umboneleli wezempilo ukuba ngaba izinto zokuhamba, ezinje ngenduku okanye i-walker, ziya kuba luncedo.

Abantu abane-ataxia bathambekele ekuweni. Thetha nomboneleli malunga namanyathelo okuthintela ukuwa.

Fowunela umnikezeli wakho ukuba:

• Umntu uneengxaki zokuchaza ngokulungelelanisa
• Ukungabikho kolungelelwaniso kuhlala ixesha elide kunemizuzu embalwa

Ngexesha likaxakeka, uya kuqala uzinze ukuze iimpawu zingabi mandundu.

Umboneleli uya kwenza uvavanyo lomzimba, olunokubandakanya:

• Uvavanyo olunzulu lwenkqubo yemithambo-luvo kunye nezihlunu, ukujonga ngononophelo ukuhamba, ukulinganisa, kunye nokulungelelanisa ukwalatha ngeminwe neenzwane.
• Ukucela ukuba uphakame kunye neenyawo zakho kunye kwaye amehlo avaliwe. Oku kubizwa ngokuba luvavanyo lweRomberg. Ukuba ulahlekelwe ngumlinganiso wakho, lo luphawu lokuba imeko yakho yokuma ilahlekile. Kule meko, uvavanyo luthathwa ngokuba luhle.

Imibuzo yembali yezonyango inokubandakanya:

• Ziqale nini iimpawu?
• Ngaba intshukumo engalungelelaniswanga yenzeka ngalo lonke ixesha okanye iyafika idlule?
• Ngaba kuya kusiba kubi?
• Ngawaphi amayeza owasebenzisayo?
• Uyasela utywala?
• Ngaba uyazisebenzisa iziyobisi zokuzonwabisa?
• Ngaba ukhe wavezwa kwinto enokubangela ityhefu?
• Zeziphi ezinye iimpawu onazo? Umzekelo: ubuthathaka okanye ukukhubazeka, ukuba ndindisholo, ukurhawuzelela, okanye ukuphulukana nemvakalelo, ukudideka okanye ukudideka, ukuxhuzula.

Uvavanyo olunoku-odolwa lubandakanya:

• Uvavanyo lwe-Antibody ukukhangela i-paraneoplastic syndromes
• Uvavanyo lwegazi (njenge-CBC okanye umahluko wegazi)
• Ukuvavanywa kwentloko kwe-CT
• Uvavanyo lwemfuzo
• I-MRI yentloko

Kuya kufuneka uthunyelwe kwingcali ukuze ufumane isifo. Ukuba ingxaki ethile ibangela i-ataxia, ingxaki iya kunyangwa. Umzekelo, ukuba iyeza libangela iingxaki zokulungelelanisa, iyeza linokutshintshwa okanye limiswe. Abanye oonobangela abanakunyangeka. Umboneleli unokukuxelela ngakumbi.

Ukungabikho kolungelelaniso; Ukuphulukana nolungelelwaniso; Ukulungelelaniswa kokulungelelaniswa; Ataxia; Ukuqaqadeka; Intshukumo engahambelaniyo

• I-atrophy yezihlunu

Umlenze AE. Ezinye iingxaki zokuhamba. Ku: IGoldman L, iSchafer AI, ii-eds. Amayeza eGoldman-Cecil. Umhla wama-25. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; I-2016: isahluko 410.

I-Subramony SH, i-Xia G. Ukuphazamiseka kwe-cerebellum, kubandakanya ne-ataxias eguqukayo. Ku: Daroff RB, Jankovic J, Mazziotta JC, Pomeroy SL, ii-eds. I-Neurology kaBradley kwiKlinikhi yokuziqhelanisa. Umhla wesi-7. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; Ngo-2016: isahluko 97.