Amanqanaba okhokelo - igazi

Inqanaba lokukhokelela kwegazi luvavanyo olulinganisa inani lokukhokelela egazini.

Isampulu yegazi iyafuneka. Uninzi lwexesha igazi litsalwa kumthambo ngaphakathi kwengqiniba okanye ngasemva kwesandla.

Kwiintsana okanye abantwana abancinci, isixhobo esibukhali esibizwa ngokuba yi-lancet sinokusetyenziselwa ukugqobhoza ulusu.

• Igazi liqokelela kwityhubhu yeglasi encinci ebizwa ngokuba yipipette, okanye kwisilayidi okanye kumtya wovavanyo.
• Ibhandeji ibekwa phezu kwendawo ukunqanda ukopha.

Akukho lungiselelo lukhethekileyo luyafuneka.

Kubantwana, kunokuba luncedo ukucacisa ukuba uvavanyo luza kuvakalelwa njani kwaye kutheni lwenziwa. Oku kunokwenza ukuba umntwana azive enexhala.

Unokuziva iintlungu okanye ulwamvila xa kufakwa inaliti. Unokuziva ubethwa sisiza emva kokuba kuthathwe igazi.

Olu vavanyo lusetyenziselwa ukuvavanya abantu abasemngciphekweni wetyhefu yelothe. Oku kunokubandakanya abasebenzi bemizi-mveliso kunye nabantwana abahlala ezidolophini. Uvavanyo lukwasetyenziselwa ukuxilonga ityhefu ekhokelayo xa umntu eneempawu zale meko. Kukwasetyenziselwa ukulinganisa ukuba lusebenza kakuhle kangakanani unyango lwetyhefu yelothe. Ilothe ixhaphakile kwindalo esingqongileyo, ngenxa yoko ihlala ifumaneka emzimbeni kumanqanaba asezantsi.

Inani elincinci lokukhokela kubantu abadala alicingelwa ukuba liyingozi. Nangona kunjalo, amanqanaba aphantsi elothe angayingozi kwiintsana nakubantwana. Inokubangela ityhefu ekhokelekileyo ekhokelela kwiingxaki kuphuhliso lwengqondo.

Abantu abadala:

• Ngaphantsi kwe-10 micrograms nge-deciliter nganye (µg / dL) okanye kwi-0.48 micromoles ilitha nganye (µmol / L) yelothe egazini

Bantwana:

• Ngaphantsi kwe-5 µg / dL okanye i-0.24 µmol / L yokukhokela egazini

Amaxabiso esiqhelo ahluka kancinci phakathi kweelebhu ezahlukeneyo. Thetha nomboneleli wakho wezempilo malunga nentsingiselo yeziphumo zakho zovavanyo.

Kubantu abadala, inqanaba elikhokelela kwigazi le-5 µg / dL okanye i-0.24 µmol / L okanye ngaphezulu ithathwa njengephakamileyo. Unyango lunokucetyiswa ukuba:

• Inqanaba lakho lokukhokelela kwigazi likhulu kune-80 µg / dL okanye i-3.86 µmol / L.
• Unempawu zetyhefu yelothe kwaye inqanaba lakho lokukhokelela kwigazi likhulu kune-40 µg / dL okanye i-1.93 µmol / L.

Kubantwana:

• Inqanaba lokukhokelela kwegazi le-5 µg / dL okanye i-0.24 µmol / L okanye enkulu ifuna uvavanyo ngakumbi kunye nokubeka iliso.
• Umthombo welothe kufuneka ufunyanwe ususwe.
• Inqanaba lokukhokela elingaphezulu kwe-45 µg / dL okanye i-2.17 µmol / L egazini lomntwana lihlala libonisa isidingo sonyango.
• Unyango lunokuqwalaselwa kwinqanaba eliphantsi njenge-20 µg / dL okanye i-0.97 µmol / L.

Amanqanaba okukhokelela egazini

• Uvavanyo lwegazi

Amaziko oLawulo lweNtsholongwane kunye noThintelo lwewebhusayithi. Lead: yintoni ekufuneka bayazi abazali ukukhusela abantwana babo? www.cdc.gov/nceh/lead/acclpp/igazi_lead_levels.htm. Ukuhlaziywa ngoMeyi 17, 2017. Kufikeleleke ngo-Epreli 30, 2019.

Kao LW, Rusyniak DE. Ityhefu engapheliyo: ukulandelela isinyithi kunye nabanye. Ku: IGoldman L, iSchafer AI, ii-eds. Amayeza eGoldman-Cecil. Umhla wama-25. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; I-2016: isahluko 22.

UMarkowitz M. Ityhefu yelothe. Ku: Kliegman RM, St Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, ii-eds. Incwadi kaNelson yeNcwadi yePediatrics. Umhla wama-21. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahl 739.

UPincus MR, uBluth MH, uAbraham NZ. I-Toxicology kunye nokubeka iliso kunyango lweziyobisi. Ku: McPherson RA, Pincus MR, ii-eds. Ukuchongwa kweKlinikhi kaHenry kunye noLawulo ngeendlela zeLebhu. Umhla we-23. ISt Louis, MO: Elsevier; Ngo-2017: isahluko 23.

ISchnur J, uJohn RM. Ubuntwana obukhokelela kwityhefu kunye namaziko amatsha oLawulo lweZifo kunye nezikhokelo zokuthintela ukuvezwa kwesikhokelo. J NdinguMongikazi osebenzayo. Ngo-2014; 26 (5): 238-247. IINKCUKACHA: 24616453 www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24616453.