Uvavanyo lwe potassium

Olu vavanyo lilinganisela inani le-potassium kwisahlulo se-fluid (serum) segazi. I-Potassium (K +) inceda imithambo-luvo kunye nezihlunu zinxibelelane. Inceda ukuhambisa izakha mzimba kwiiseli kunye nemveliso yenkunkuma ngaphandle kweeseli.

Amanqanaba ePotassium emzimbeni alawulwa ikakhulu yihormone aldosterone.

Isampulu yegazi iyafuneka. Uninzi lwexesha igazi litsalwa kumthambo ngaphakathi kwengqiniba okanye ngasemva kwesandla.

Amayeza amaninzi anokuphazamisa iziphumo zovavanyo lwegazi.

• Umboneleli wakho wokhathalelo lwempilo uya kukuxelela ukuba ngaba ufuna ukuyeka ukuthatha nawaphi na amayeza phambi kokuba wenze olu vavanyo.
• SUKUYEKE okanye utshintshe amayeza akho ungakhange uthethe nomboneleli wakho kuqala.

Unokuziva iintlungu okanye ulwamvila xa kufakwa inaliti. Unokuziva ubethwa sisiza emva kokuba kuthathwe igazi.

Olu vavanyo luyinxalenye yesiqhelo yepaneli esisiseko okanye ebanzi ye-metabolic.

Unokufumana olu vavanyo lokufumanisa okanye ukujonga isifo sezintso. Unobangela oqhelekileyo wenqanaba eliphezulu le-potassium yegazi sisifo sezintso.

I-Potassium ibalulekile ekusebenzeni kwentliziyo.

• Umboneleli wakho unokuyalela olu vavanyo ukuba uneempawu zoxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu okanye iingxaki zentliziyo.
• Utshintsho oluncinci kumanqanaba e-potassium lunokuba nefuthe elikhulu kwimisebenzi yeemithambo kunye nezihlunu, ngakumbi intliziyo.
• Amanqanaba asezantsi e-potassium anokukhokelela ekubetheni kwentliziyo ngokungaqhelekanga okanye okunye ukungasebenzi kakuhle kombane kwentliziyo.
• Amanqanaba aphezulu abangela ukwehla kwentliziyo yemisipha.
• Nokuba yeyiphi imeko inokukhokelela kwiingxaki zentliziyo ezisongela ubomi.

Inokwenziwa kwakhona ukuba umboneleli wakho ukrokrela i-metabolic acidosis (umzekelo, ebangelwa sisifo seswekile esingalawulwayo) okanye i-alkalosis (umzekelo, ebangelwa kukugabha okungaphezulu).

Ngamanye amaxesha, uvavanyo lwe potassium lunokwenziwa kubantu abahlaselwa kukukhubazeka.

Uluhlu oluqhelekileyo luyi-3.7 ukuya kwi-5.2 yeemililitha ngokulinganayo ilitha nganye (mEq / L) 3.70 ukuya kwi-5.20 millimoles ilitha nganye (millimol / L).

Amaxabiso esiqhelo ahluka kancinci phakathi kweelebhu ezahlukeneyo. Thetha nomboneleli wakho malunga nentsingiselo yeziphumo zakho zovavanyo.

Imizekelo engentla ibonisa imilinganiselo eqhelekileyo yeziphumo zolu vavanyo. Ezinye iilabhoratri zisebenzisa imilinganiselo eyahlukeneyo okanye zinokuvavanya iisampulu ezahlukeneyo.

Amanqanaba aphezulu e-potassium (hyperkalemia) anokubangelwa:

• Isifo iAddison (sinqabile)
• Utofelo-gazi
• Amayeza athile kubandakanya i-angiotensin eguqula i-enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, ii-angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), kunye ne-potassium-sparing diuretics spironolactone, amiloride kunye ne-triamterene
• Ukulimala kwezicubu
• Ukukhubazeka kwamaxesha ngamaxesha
• Hypoaldosteronism (kunqabile kakhulu)
• Ukungabikho kwezintso okanye ukungaphumeleli
• I-Metabolic okanye i-acidosis yokuphefumla
• Ukutshatyalaliswa kweseli ebomvu
• I-potassium eninzi ekudleni kwakho

Amanqanaba asezantsi e-potassium (hypokalemia) anokubangelwa:

• Urhudo Acute okanye ezingapheliyo
• Cushing syndrome (inqabile)
• I-diuretics efana ne-hydrochlorothiazide, i-furosemide kunye ne-indapamide
• Hyperaldosteronism
• Ukukhubazeka kwamaxesha ngamaxesha
• Ayonelanga i-potassium ekudleni
• Umthambo we-renal stenosis
• I-renal tubular acidosis (inqabile)
• Ukuhlanza

Ukuba kunzima ukufumana inaliti emthanjeni ukuze uthathe isampulu yegazi, ukwenzakala kwiiseli ezibomvu zegazi kunokubangela ukuba kukhutshwe i-potassium. Oku kunokubangela iziphumo eziphezulu zobuxoki.

Uvavanyo lwehypokalemia; K +

• Uvavanyo lwegazi

Intaba DB. Ukuphazamiseka kwemali eseleyo ye potassium. Ku: Skorecki K, Chertow GM, Marsden PA, Taal MW, Yu ASL, ii-eds. Brenner kunye noMphathi weZintso. Ngomhla we-10. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016: isahl 18.

UPatney V, Whaley-Connell A. Hypokalemia kunye ne-hyperkalemia. Ku: Lerma EV, Sparks MA, Topf JM, ii-eds. Iimfihlo zeNephrology. Ngomhla we-4. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2019: isahl. 74.

Seifter JR. Iingxaki zePotassium. Ku: IGoldman L, iSchafer AI, ii-eds. Amayeza eGoldman-Cecil. Umhla wama-25. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: isahluko 117.