Iphaneli yomzimba yentsholongwane

Iphaneli yeantinuclear antibody luvavanyo lwegazi olujonga kwiintsholongwane zenyukliya (ANA).

I-ANA ngamachiza omzimba aveliswa ngamajoni omzimba abopha kwizicwili zomzimba. Uvavanyo lwe-antibody yenyukliya lujonga ii-antibodies ezibophelela kwinxalenye yeseli ebizwa ngokuba yi-nucleus. Uvavanyo lokuhlola luchonga ukuba ngaba ezo ntsholongwane zikhona na. Uvavanyo lukwalinganisa inqanaba, elibizwa ngokuba yititer, kunye nephethini, enokuba luncedo.Ukuba uvavanyo luchanekile, iphaneli yeemvavanyo inokwenziwa ukuchonga iithagethi ezithile ze-antigen. Le yiphaneli yomzimba ye-ANA.

Igazi litsalwa emthanjeni. Rhoqo, umthambo ngaphakathi kwengqiniba okanye ngasemva kwesandla uyasetyenziswa. Indawo icocwa ngamayeza okubulala iintsholongwane (i-antiseptic). Umboneleli wezempilo usonga ibhanti yelastic ejikeleze ingalo ephezulu ukufaka uxinzelelo kuloo ndawo kwaye enze umthambo udumbe ligazi.

Okulandelayo, umboneleli ufaka inaliti ngobunono emthanjeni. Igazi liqokelela kwi-vial engena moya okanye ityhubhu eqhotyoshelwe kule naliti. Ibhanti e-elastic isuswe engalweni yakho.

Nje ukuba igazi liqokelelwe, inaliti iyasuswa, kwaye indawo yokugquma iyagqunywa ukunqanda ukopha.

Kwiintsana okanye kubantwana abancinci, isixhobo esibukhali esibizwa ngokuba yi-lancet sinokusetyenziselwa ukugqobhoza ulusu kunye nokwenza igazi. Igazi liqokelelwa kwityhubhu yeglasi encinci ebizwa ngokuba yipipette, okanye kwisilayidi okanye kumtya wovavanyo. Ibhandeji inokufakwa ngaphezulu kwendawo ukuba kukho ukopha.

Kuxhomekeka kwilabhoratri, uvavanyo lunokwenziwa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo. Enye indlela ifuna ukuba uchwepheshe ajonge isampulu yegazi phantsi kwemicroscope esebenzisa ukukhanya kwe-ultraviolet. Enye isebenzisa isixhobo esizenzekelayo ukurekhoda iziphumo.

Akukho lungiselelo lukhethekileyo luyafuneka. Nangona kunjalo, amachiza athile, kubandakanya iipilisi zokuthintela inzala, i-procainamide, kunye ne-thiazide diuretics, zichaphazela ukuchaneka kolu vavanyo. Qinisekisa ukuba umboneleli wakho uyazi ngawo onke amayeza owathathayo.

Xa kufakwa inaliti ukutsala igazi, abanye abantu baziva iintlungu eziphakathi. Abanye banokuziva ngathi batyhafile okanye batyhafile. Emva koko, kunokubakho ukuthotywa okuthile.

Unokulufuna olu vavanyo ukuba uneempawu zesifo sokuzimela, ngakumbi inkqubo ye-lupus erythematosus. Olu vavanyo lunokwenziwa ukuba uneempawu ezingachazwanga ezinje ngesifo samathambo, irhashalala, okanye iintlungu esifubeni.

Abanye abantu abaqhelekileyo banenqanaba eliphantsi lee-ANA. Ke, ubukho bezinga eliphantsi lee-ANA abuhlali buqhelekile.

Ii-ANA zibikwa njenge- "titer". Izihloko eziphantsi zikuluhlu lwe-1: 40 ukuya ku-1: 60. Uvavanyo lwe-ANA oluchanekileyo lubaluleke ngakumbi ukuba unezinto ezichasayo ezichasene nefom enemigca emibini ye-DNA.

Ubukho be-ANA abukuqinisekisi ukuxilongwa kwenkqubo ye-lupus erythematosus (SLE). Nangona kunjalo, ukunqongophala kwe-ANA kwenza ukuba ukuxilongwa kunqabile.

Nangona ii-ANA zihlala zichongwa nge-SLE, uvavanyo oluqinisekileyo lwe-ANA lunokuba luphawu lwezinye izifo ezenzekelayo.

Amaxabiso esiqhelo ahluka kancinci phakathi kweelebhu ezahlukeneyo. Thetha nomboneleli wakho malunga nentsingiselo yeziphumo zakho zovavanyo.

Imizekelo engentla ibonisa imilinganiselo eqhelekileyo yeziphumo zolu vavanyo. Ezinye iilabhoratri zisebenzisa imilinganiselo eyahlukeneyo okanye zinokuvavanya iisampulu ezahlukeneyo.

Olunye uvavanyo lunokuqhutywa ngegazi kunye novavanyo oluqinisekileyo lwe-ANA ukufumana ulwazi ngakumbi.

Ukwenza uxilongo lwe-SLE, iimpawu ezithile zeklinikhi kunye nee-ANA kufuneka zibekhona. Ukongeza, ii-antibodies ezithile ze-ANA zinceda ekuqinisekiseni isifo.

Ubukho be-ANA egazini bunokubangelwa zezinye iingxaki ezininzi ngaphandle kwe-SLE. Oku kubandakanya:

IZIFO EZIZENZEKELAYO

• Isifo esixubileyo sesifo
• I-lupus erythematosus ebangelwa ziziyobisi
• I-Myositis (isifo semisipha esivuthayo)
• Irheumatoid Arthritis
• Isifo seSjögren
• Inkqubo ye-sclerosis (scleroderma)
• Isifo se-thyroid
• Ngokuzimela hepatitis
• KwiiLymphomas

AMAGALELO

• Intsholongwane ye-EB
• IHepatitis C
• Intsholongwane kaGawulayo
• IParvovirus

Imithambo kunye nemithambo iyahluka ngobukhulu ukusuka komnye umntu ukuya komnye, kwaye ukusuka kwelinye icala lomzimba ukuya kwelinye. Ukufumana igazi kwabanye abantu kunokuba nzima ngakumbi kunabanye.

Eminye imingcipheko enxulumene nokutsalwa kwegazi incinci, kodwa inokubandakanya:

• Ukopha kakhulu
• Ukufa isiqaqa okanye ukuziva ungenantloko
• I-Hematoma (igazi eliqokelela phantsi kwesikhumba)
• Usulelo (umngcipheko omncinci nangaliphi na ixesha ulusu lwaphukile)

Umboneleli wakho uya kusebenzisa iziphumo zephaneli ye-ANA ukunceda ukwenza isifo. Phantse bonke abantu abane-SLE esebenzayo bane-ANA elungileyo. Nangona kunjalo, i-ANA elungileyo ngokwayo ayonelanga ukuba ichonge i-SLE okanye nasiphi na esinye isifo sokuzimela. Uvavanyo lwe-ANA kufuneka lusetyenziswe kunye nembali yakho yezonyango, uvavanyo lomzimba kunye nezinye iimvavanyo zaselebhu.

I-ANA inokuba nethemba kwizalamane zabantu abane-SLE abangenayo i-SLE ngokwabo.

Kukho ithuba eliphantsi kakhulu lokuphuhlisa i-SLE ngaxa lithile ebomini ukuba ekuphela kwento efumanekayo sisihloko esiphantsi se-ANA.

ANA; Iphaneli yee-ANA; Iphaneli yokutshintsha ye-ANA; SLE - ANA; Inkqubo ye-lupus erythematosus-ANA

• Uvavanyo lwegazi

UAlberto von Mühlen C, uFritzler MJ, uKhan EKL. Uvavanyo lweklinikhi kunye nolabhoratri lwezifo ze-rheumatic systemic. Ku: McPherson RA, Pincus MR, ii-eds. Ukuchongwa kweKlinikhi kaHenry kunye noLawulo ngeendlela zeLebhu. Umhla we-23. ISt Louis, MO: Elsevier; Ngo-2017: isahluko 52.

Ikholeji yaseMelika yeRheumatology iwebhusayithi. Iintsholongwane zenyukliya (ANA). www.rheumatology.org/I-Am-A/Patient-Caregiver/Diseases-Conditions/Antinuclear-Antibodies-ANA. Ukuhlaziywa kwe-Matshi 2017. Ifikeleleke ngo-Epreli 04, 2019.

Ukubuyisa WH, Zhuang H, Han S. Autoantibodies kwinkqubo ye lupus erythematosus. Ku: Hochberg MC, Gravallese EM, Silman AJ, Smolen JS, Weinblatt ME, Weisman MH, ii-eds. Rheumatology. Umhla wesi-7. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; I-2019: isahluko 139.