Uvavanyo lokujonga umchamo

Uvavanyo lokuchama lokuchama lilinganisa ukubanakho kwezintso ukonga okanye ukukhupha amanzi.

Kolu vavanyo, umxhuzulane othile womchamo, ii-electrolyte zomchamo, kunye / okanye umchamo osmolality ulinganiswa ngaphambi nasemva kwesinye okanye ezingaphezulu kwezi zilandelayo:

• Ukulayisha amanzi. Ukusela isixa esikhulu samanzi okanye ukufumana ulwelo ngomthambo.
• Ukuphulukana namanzi. Ukungaseli manzi ixesha elithile.
• Ulawulo lwe-ADH. Ukufumana i-antidiuretic hormone (ADH), enokuthi ibangele ukuba umchamo ugxile.

Emva kokuba unikeze isampuli yomchamo, ivavanywa kwangoko. Ngomchamo othile womchamo, umboneleli wezempilo usebenzisa idipiki eyenziweyo ngephedi enovakalelo lombala. Umbala wedipstick utshintsha kwaye uxelele umboneleli womxhuzulane othile womchamo wakho. Uvavanyo lwe-dipstick lunika kuphela iziphumo ezibi. Ukufumana iziphumo ezichanekileyo ezichanekileyo okanye umlinganiselo wee-electrolyte zomchamo okanye i-osmolality, umboneleli wakho uya kuthumela isampuli yakho yomchamo kwilebhu.

Ukuba kuyimfuneko, umboneleli wakho uya kukucela ukuba uqokelele umchamo wakho ekhaya ngaphezulu kweeyure ezingama-24. Umboneleli wakho uya kukuxelela ukuba ungayenza njani le nto. Landela imiyalelo ngokuchanekileyo.

Yitya ukutya okuqhelekileyo, okunesondlo kwiintsuku ezininzi ngaphambi kovavanyo. Umboneleli wakho uya kukunika imiyalelo yokulayisha amanzi okanye yokuncitshiswa kwamanzi.

Umboneleli wakho uya kukucela ukuba unqumame okwethutyana nawaphi na amayeza anokuchaphazela iziphumo zovavanyo. Qiniseka ukuba uxelela umboneleli wakho ngawo onke amayeza owathathayo, kubandakanya i-dextran kunye ne-sucrose. SUKUYEKE ukuthatha nawaphi na amayeza ngaphambi kokuba uthethe nomboneleli wakho.

Xelela umboneleli wakho ukuba usandula ukufumana idayi efakwa ngaphakathi (umahluko ophakathi) kuvavanyo lokucinga njenge-CT okanye iMRI scan. Idayi inokuchaphazela neziphumo zovavanyo.

Uvavanyo lubandakanya kuphela ukuchama okuqhelekileyo. Akukho buhlungu.

Olu vavanyo luhlala lwenziwa ukuba ugqirha wakho ukrokrela ukuba unesifo seswekile esiphakathi. Uvavanyo lunokunceda ukuxelela eso sifo kwi-nephrogenic diabetes insipidus.

Olu vavanyo lunokwenziwa kwakhona ukuba unempawu zesifo se-ADH engafanelekanga (SIADH).

Ngokubanzi, amaxabiso aqhelekileyo omxhuzulane othile zezi zilandelayo:

• 1.005 ukuya 1.030 (womxhuzulane ethile eqhelekileyo)
• 1.001 emva kokusela amanzi kakhulu
• Ngaphezulu kwe-1.030 emva kokuphepha ulwelo
• Kugxilwe emva kokufumana i-ADH

Amaxabiso esiqhelo ahluka kancinci phakathi kweelebhu ezahlukeneyo. Ezinye iilebhu zisebenzisa imilinganiselo eyahlukeneyo okanye ukuvavanya iisampulu ezahlukeneyo. Thetha nomboneleli wakho malunga nentsingiselo yeziphumo zakho zovavanyo.

Ukonyuka koxinzelelo lomchamo kunokuba ngenxa yeemeko ezahlukeneyo, ezinje:

• Ukumelwa yintliziyo
• Ukuphulukana nolwelo lomzimba (ukomisa) emzimbeni kurhudo okanye ukubila okugqithisileyo
• Ukunciphisa i-artery yezintso (i-renal arterial stenosis)
• Iswekile, okanye iswekile, kumchamo
• Isifo se-secretion esingalunganga se-antidiuretic hormone (SIADH)
• Ukuhlanza

Ukuncipha komchamo kungabonisa:

• Isifo seswekile
• Ukusela ulwelo oluninzi
• Ukungaphumeleli kwezintso (ukulahleka kwamandla okubuyisela amanzi kwakhona)
• Usulelo olunzima lwezintso (pyelonephritis)

Akukho bungozi kolu vavanyo.

Uvavanyo lokulayisha amanzi; Uvavanyo lokuncitshiswa kwamanzi

• Uvavanyo lokujonga umchamo
• Iphecana lomchamo labasetyhini
• Indoda yokuchama

I-Fogazzi GB, Garigali G. Urinalysis. Ku: Feehally J, Floege J, Tonelli M, Johnson RJ, ii-eds. I-Clinical Nephrology epheleleyo. Umhla wesi-6. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; I-2019: isahluko 4.

URiley RS, uMcPherson RA. Uvavanyo olusisiseko lomchamo. Ku: McPherson RA, Pincus MR, ii-eds. Ukuchongwa kweKlinikhi kaHenry kunye noLawulo ngeendlela zeLebhu. Umhla we-23. ISt Louis, MO: Elsevier; Ngo-2017: isahluko 28.