Uvavanyo lokuphefumla utywala

Uvavanyo lokuphefumla utywala luchaza ukuba bungakanani utywala egazini lakho. Uvavanyo lulinganisa inani lotywala emoyeni ophefumlela ngaphandle (ekhupha).

Zininzi iintlobo zovavanyo lokuphefumla kotywala. Ngamnye usebenzisa indlela eyahlukileyo yokuvavanya inqanaba lotywala emphefumlweni. Umatshini unokuba ngumbane okanye i-manual.

Umvavanyi oqhelekileyo luhlobo lwebhaluni. Uvuthela ibhaluni ngomphefumlo omnye de ube ugcwele. Emva koko ukhulula umoya ube yityhubhu yeglasi. Umbhobho ugcwele ngamabhanti eekristal etyheli. Iibhanti ezikwityhubhu zitshintsha imibala (ukusuka kumbala omthubi ukuya kuluhlaza), kuxhomekeke kumxholo wotywala. Funda ngononophelo imiyalelo ngaphambi kokusebenzisa uvavanyo ukuze uqiniseke ukuba ufumana iziphumo ezichanekileyo.

Ukuba kusetyenziswa imitha yotywala yombane, landela imiyalelo eza nesilinganisi-manzi.

Linda imizuzu eli-15 emva kokuba usele isiselo esinxilisayo kunye nomzuzu omnye emva kokutshaya ngaphambi kokuqala uvavanyo.

Akukho buhlungu.

Xa usela utywala, ubungakanani botywala egazini lakho buyenyuka. Oku kubizwa ngokuba ligazi lakho lotywala.

Xa inani lotywala egazini lifikelela kwi-0.02% ukuya kwi-0.03%, unokuziva uphumle "phezulu."

Xa loo pesenti ifikelela kwi-0.05% ukuya kwi-0.10%, une:

• Ukunciphisa ukulungelelaniswa kwemisipha
• Ixesha elide lokuphendula
• Umgwebo ongalunganga kunye neempendulo

Ukuqhuba nokusebenza koomatshini xa "uphezulu" okanye unxilile (utywala) kuyingozi. Umntu onenqanaba lotywala le-0.08% nangaphezulu uthathwa njengotywe ngokusemthethweni kumazwe amaninzi. (Amanye amazwe anamanqanaba asezantsi kunamanye.)

Umxholo wotywala womoya ophefumlelweyo ubonakalisa ngokuchanekileyo umxholo wotywala wegazi.

Ngokwesiqhelo kuxa inqanaba lotywala egazini linguziro.

Ngendlela yebhaluni:

• 1 band eluhlaza kuthetha ukuba inqanaba lotywala egazini yi-0.05% okanye iphantsi
• Iibhanti ezi-2 eziluhlaza zithetha inqanaba eliphakathi kwe-0.05% kunye ne-0.10%
• Iibhanti ezi-3 eziluhlaza zithetha inqanaba eliphakathi kwe-0.10% kunye ne-0.15%

Akukho bungozi ngovavanyo lokuphefumla utywala.

Uvavanyo alulinganisi ubuchule bokuqhuba bomntu. Amandla okuqhuba ahluka phakathi kwabantu abakwinqanaba elifanayo lotywala egazini. Abanye abantu abanenqanaba elingaphantsi kwe-0.05% abanakho ukuqhuba ngokukhuselekileyo. Kubantu abasela ngamanye amaxesha, iingxaki zomgwebo zenzeka kwinqanaba le-0.02% kuphela.

Uvavanyo lokuphefumla utywala luyakunceda ukuba wazi ukuba kungakanani na utywala obuthathayo ukunyusa inqanaba lotywala egazini ukuya kwinqanaba eliyingozi. Impendulo yomntu ngamnye etywaleni iyahluka. Uvavanyo lunokukunceda wenze izigqibo ezingcono ngokuqhuba emva kokusela.

Uvavanyo lotywala -ukuphefumla

• Uvavanyo lokuphuza utywala

UFinnell JT. Izifo ezinxulumene notywala. Ku: Iindonga RM, iHockberger RS, iGausche-Hill M, ii-eds. Unyango lukaRosen oluNgxamisekileyo: iikhonsepthi kunye nokuziqhelanisa neklinikhi. Umhla we-9. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; I-2018: isahluko 142.

O'Connor PG. Ukuphazamiseka ekusebenziseni utywala. Ku: IGoldman L, iSchafer AI, ii-eds. Amayeza eGoldman-Cecil. Ngomhla wama-26. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 30.