I-renogram ye-renal

I-venogram ye-renal luvavanyo lokujonga imithambo kwizintso. Isebenzisa ii-ray-ray kunye nedayi ekhethekileyo (ebizwa ngokuba ngumahluko).

IX-reyi luhlobo lombane wombane njengokukhanya, kodwa ngamandla aphezulu, ukuze bakwazi ukuhamba emzimbeni benze umfanekiso. Izakhiwo ezixineneyo (ezinje ngethambo) ziya kubonakala zimhlophe kwaye umoya uya kuba mnyama. Olunye ulwakhiwo luya kuba yimibala engwevu.

Imithambo ayiqhelekanga kubonwa kwiX-reyi. Kungenxa yoko le nto kufuneka idayi ekhethekileyo. Idayi ibalaselisa imithambo ukuze zibonakale ngcono kwi-x-reyi.

Olu vavanyo lwenziwa kwiziko lokhathalelo lwempilo elinezixhobo ezizodwa. Uya kulala etafileni ye-x-ray. I-anesthetic yendawo isetyenziselwa ukunciphisa indawo apho idayi ifakwe khona. Unokucela iyeza lokuthomalalisa (ukuba uthomalalisile) ukuba unexhala ngovavanyo.

Umboneleli wezempilo ubeka inaliti emthanjeni, amaxesha amaninzi kwindawo yokugcoba, kodwa ngamanye amaxesha entanyeni. Okulandelayo, ityhubhu eguqukayo, ebizwa ngokuba yi-catheter (nobubanzi bencam yosiba), ifakwa kwi-groin kwaye ihanjiswe emthanjeni ide ifike emthanjeni wezintso. Isampulu yegazi ingathathwa kwizintso nganye. Idayi eyahlukileyo ihamba kule tyhubhu. X-reyi zithathwa njengokuba idayi ihamba kwimithambo yezintso.

Le nkqubo ibekwe esweni yifluoroscopy, uhlobo lwe-x-ray olwenza imifanekiso kwiscreen seTV.

Nje ukuba kuthathwe imifanekiso, i-catheter iyasuswa kwaye ibanda ibekwe phezu kwenxeba.

Uya kuxelelwa ukuba uphephe ukutya neziselo malunga neeyure ezisi-8 phambi kovavanyo. Umboneleli wakho angakuxelela ukuba uyeke ukuthatha iiasprini okanye ezinye izinto ezicoca igazi ngaphambi kovavanyo. SUKUYEKE ukuthatha nawaphi na amayeza ngaphandle kokuqala uthethe nomboneleli wakho.

Uya kucelwa ukuba unxibe iimpahla zasesibhedlele kwaye utyikitye ifom yemvume yenkqubo. Kuya kufuneka ususe nabuphi na ubucwebe kuloo ndawo ifundwayo.

Xelela umboneleli ukuba:

• Ukhulelwe
• Unomdla wokunyanga nakweyiphi na iyeza, idayi eyahlukileyo, okanye iodine
• Unembali yeengxaki zokopha

Uya kulala phantsi kwitafile ye-x-ray. Kuhlala kukho umqamelo, kodwa awukho mnandi njengebhedi. Unokuziva uhlaba xa kunikwa iyeza lokubulala iintlungu. Awuyi kuziva idayi. Unokuziva uxinzelelo kunye nokuphazamiseka njengoko i-catheter ibekwe. Unokuziva unempawu, njengokugungxula, xa idayi ifakiwe.

Kunokubakho ukuthamba okungafunekiyo kunye nokugruzuka kwindawo ebekwe kuyo i-catheter.

Olu vavanyo alwenziwa rhoqo. Kutshintshwe ubukhulu becala yiCT scan kunye neMRI. Kwixesha elidlulileyo, uvavanyo lwalusetyenziselwa ukulinganisa amanqanaba eehomoni zezintso.

Rhoqo, uvavanyo lunokusetyenziselwa ukufumanisa amahlwili egazi, izicubu kunye neengxaki zemithambo. Ukusetyenziswa kwayo okuxhaphakileyo namhlanje kuyinxalenye yovavanyo lokunyanga imithambo ye-varicose yamatyhalarha okanye amaqanda.

Akufuneki kubekho amachaphaza okanye amathumba emithanjeni yezintso. Idayi kufuneka ihambe ngokukhawuleza nge-vein kwaye ingabuyeli kuma-testes okanye kuma-ovari.

Iziphumo ezingaqhelekanga zinokubangelwa:

• Igazi elijiyileyo ethintela ngokuyinxenye okanye ngokupheleleyo iibhloko umthambo
• Ithumba lezintso
• Ingxaki yemithambo

Iingozi ezivela kolu vavanyo zinokubandakanya:

• Ukusabela okungahambelaniyo nedayi eyahlukileyo
• Ukopha
• Amahlwili egazi
• Ukwenzakala umthambo

Kukho ukuvezwa kwemitha kwinqanaba elisezantsi. Nangona kunjalo, uninzi lweengcali zivakalelwa kukuba umngcipheko wezininzi ii-ray-ray zincinci kunezinye iingozi esizithatha mihla le. Abafazi abakhulelweyo kunye nabantwana banomdla ngakumbi kumngcipheko we-x-ray.

Venogram - sezintso; UbuGcisa bendawo; IVenogram - izintso; I-vein vein thrombosis-venogram

• I-anatomy yezintso
• Imithambo yegazi

UPerico N, Remuzzi A, Remuzzi G.Patophysiology weproteinuria. Ku: Yu ASL, Chertow GM, Luyckx VA, Marsden PA, Skorecki K, Taal MW, ii-eds. Brenner kunye noMphathi weZintso. Ngomhla we-11. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 30.

I-Pin RH, i-Ayad MT, i-Gillespie D. iVenography. Ku: Sidawy AN, Perler BA, ii-eds. Rutherford Uqhaqho lweMithambo kunye noNyango lwe-Endovascular. Umhla we-9. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; I-2019: isahluko 26.

IWymer DTG, iWymer DC. Ukucinga. Ku: Feehally J, Floege J, Tonelli M, Johnson RJ, ii-eds. I-Clinical Nephrology epheleleyo. Umhla wesi-6. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; I-2019: isahluko 5.