Yintoni i-Allergic Reaction?

Umxholo

• Yintoni ebangela ukungavumi?
• Zeziphi iimpawu xa uxabane?
• Kufunyaniswa njani ukuba uxabisa njani?
• Iphathwa njani i-aleji?
• Ithini imbono yexesha elide?
• Unokuthintela njani ukungaphenduli?

Sibandakanya iimveliso esicinga ukuba ziluncedo kubafundi bethu. Ukuba uthenga amakhonkco kweli phepha, sinokufumana ikhomishini encinci. Nantsi inkqubo yethu.

Ushwankathelo

Amajoni akho omzimba anoxanduva lokukhusela umzimba kwiintsholongwane. Ngamanye amaxesha, amajoni akho omzimba aya kuzikhusela kwizinto ezingoyikisi umzimba womntu. Ezi zinto ziyaziwa njengezinto ezaliwa ngumzimba, kwaye xa umzimba wakho usabela kuzo, oko kubangela ukusabela komzimba.

Ungaphefumla, utye, kwaye uchukumise ii-allergen ezibangela impendulo. Oogqirha banokusebenzisa i-allergen ukuxilonga i-allergies kwaye banokuyifaka emzimbeni wakho njengonyango.

IAmerican Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology (AAAAI) inika ingxelo yokuba abantu abazizigidi ezingama-50 eUnited States banezifo ezithile.

Yintoni ebangela ukungavumi?

Oogqirha abazi ukuba kutheni abanye abantu befumana i-aleji. Ukunyanga komzimba kuyenzeka ukuba kusebenze kwiintsapho kwaye kungafunyanwa njengelifa. Ukuba unelungu losapho elisondeleyo elinobungozi, usengozini enkulu yokuphucula i-allergies.

Nangona izizathu zokuba i-aleji ikhula zingaziwa, kukho izinto ezithile ezibangela ukusabela komzimba. Abantu abanesifo sokungabikho komzimba kwi-allergies bahlala beyinto enye okanye nangaphezulu kwezi zilandelayo:

• dander isilwanyana
• Ukulunywa ziinyosi okanye ukulunywa zezinye izinambuzane
• ukutya okuthile, kubandakanya amandongomane okanye iqokobhe
• amayeza athile, njengepenicillin okanye iasprini
• izityalo ezithile
• umungu okanye ukungunda

Zeziphi iimpawu xa uxabane?

Iimpawu zokungabikho komzimba ziyahluka ukusuka kumnene ukuya kunzima. Ukuba uyavezwa okokuqala ngqa kwi-allergen, iimpawu zakho zinokuba mnene. Ezi mpawu zinokuba zibi ngakumbi ukuba uhlala udibana ne-allergen.

Iimpawu zokuphendula kancinci kunokubandakanya:

• imihlathi (amabala abomvu alumkileyo eluswini)
• ukurhawuzelela
• Ukudibana kwempumlo (eyaziwa ngokuba yi-rhinitis)
• irhashalala
• umqala okrwemrayo
• Amanzi okanye amehlo alumkileyo

Ukugula kakhulu xa kunokubangelwa zezi mpawu zilandelayo:

• ukuxinwa esiswini okanye iintlungu
• intlungu okanye ukuqina kwesifuba
• urhudo
• kunzima ukugwinya
• utywala (vertigo)
• uloyiko okanye ixhala
• ukugungxula ubuso
• isicaphucaphu okanye ukugabha
• ukubetha kwentliziyo
• ukudumba kobuso, amehlo, okanye ulwimi
• ubuthathaka
• ukuvutha
• ubunzima bokuphefumla
• ukungabikho zingqondweni

Impendulo ebukhali kunye nequbulisayo enokuvela inokukhula kwimizuzwana emva kokuvezwa kwe-allergen. Olu hlobo lokuphendula lwaziwa njenge-anaphylaxis kwaye lukhokelela kwiimpawu ezisongela ubomi, kubandakanya ukudumba komoya, ukungakwazi ukuphefumla, kunye nokwehla ngesiquphe nangokuqatha koxinzelelo lwegazi.

Ukuba ufumana olu hlobo lokungalungisi, funa uncedo olukhawulezileyo kwangoko. Ngaphandle konyango, le meko inokubangela ukufa kwisithuba semizuzu eli-15.

Kufunyaniswa njani ukuba uxabisa njani?

Ugqirha wakho unokuchonga ukungahambelani komzimba. Ukuba ufumana iimpawu zokungabikho komzimba, ugqirha uya kwenza uviwo aze akubuze ngembali yakho yempilo. Ukuba iimpendulo zakho zokungabikho komzimba ziyingozi, ugqirha unokucela ukuba ugcine iphepha elineenkcukacha zeempawu zakho kunye nezinto ezibonakala zibangelwa.

Ugqirha wakho unokufuna uku-odola iimvavanyo ukumisela ukuba yintoni ebangela ukungabikho komzimba.Ezona ntlobo zixhaphakileyo zovavanyo lokungabikho komzimba zezi:

• iimvavanyo zolusu
• Umceli mngeni (uhlobo lokususa) iimvavanyo
• iimvavanyo zegazi

Uvavanyo lolusu lubandakanya ukufaka isixa esincinci sokurhanelwa okukrokrela ulusu kunye nokujonga impendulo. Isiyobisi sinokufakwa eluswini (uvavanyo lwepatch), sisetyenziswe ngokuhlaba kancinci esikhumbeni (kuvavanyo lwesikhumba), okanye ngeniswe nje phantsi kolusu (uvavanyo lwe-intradermal).

Uvavanyo lolusu lubaluleke kakhulu ekuchongeni:

• Ukutya kokutya (njenge-shellfish okanye amandongomane)
• isikhunta, umungu, kunye nonyango lwezilwanyana
• penicillin komzimba
• isifo sotyhefu (njengokulunywa yingcongconi okanye inyosi)
• Ukuqhagamshelana nodermatitis (ukukhawuleza okufumanayo ekuthinteni into)

Ukuvavanywa komceli mngeni kuluncedo ekuchongeni i-allergies zokutya. Kubandakanya ukususa ukutya ekutyeni kwakho kangangeeveki ezininzi kunye nokujonga iimpawu xa uphinda utya oko kutya.

Uvavanyo lwegazi lokungabikho komzimba lujonga igazi lakho kwii-antibodies ngokuchasene ne-allergen. Isilwi-buhlungu yiprotein eveliswa ngumzimba wakho ukulwa nezinto ezinobungozi. Uvavanyo lwegazi lukhetho xa uvavanyo lolusu luncedo okanye lunokwenzeka.

Iphathwa njani i-aleji?

Ukuba ufumana uguquko kwaye awazi ukuba yintoni ebangela oko, kuya kufuneka ukuba ubone ugqirha wakho ukufumanisa ukuba siyintoni na isizathu sokwaliwa kwakho. Ukuba uneempawu zokwaliwa komzimba kunye namava, kusenokungafuneki ukuba ufune unyango ukuba iimpawu zakho zithambile.

Kwiimeko ezininzi, ii-antihistamines ezingaphezu kwe-counter, ezifana ne-diphenhydramine (iBenadryl), inokusebenza ekulawuleni ukuphendulwa komzimba.

Ukuba wena okanye umntu omaziyo ufumana uluvo olunamandla, kufuneka ufune unyango olungxamisekileyo. Jonga ukuba uyaphefumla na, fowunela i-911, kwaye unikezele nge-CPR ukuba iyafuneka.

Abantu abaneempawu zokwaliwa komzimba bahlala benamayeza kaxakeka, anje nge-epinephrine auto-injor (EpiPen). I-Epinephrine "sisiyobisi sokuhlangula" kuba ivula iindlela zomoya kwaye inyuse uxinzelelo lwegazi. Umntu angaludinga uncedo lwakho lokuhambisa amayeza. Ukuba umntu akakho zingqondweni, kufuneka:

• Babeke emqolo emqolo.
• Nyusa imilenze yabo.
• Zigqume ngengubo.

Oku kuya kunceda ukuthintela ukothuka.

Ivenkile anti-anti-anti-anti-anti-anti-anti-anti-anti.

Ithini imbono yexesha elide?

Ukuba une-allergies eyaziwayo, ukuthintela ukusabela okungafunekiyo kuya kuyiphucula imbonakalo yakho. Unokuzikhusela ezi mpendulo ngokuphepha izinto ezingakuthinteli emzimbeni. Ukuba uneempendulo ezibi kakhulu, kuya kufuneka uphathe i-EpiPen kwaye uzijoje xa kukho iimpawu.

Imbonakalo yakho iya kuxhomekeka kubukrakra bokwaliwa komzimba wakho. Ukuba unokungaphenduli kwaye ufune unyango, uya kuba nethuba elihle lokufumana kwakhona. Nangona kunjalo, iimpawu zingabuya xa uthe wadibana ne-allergen kwakhona.

Ukuba unesifo esibi kakhulu, umbono wakho uya kuxhomekeka ekufumaneni unyango olukhawulezileyo. I-Anaphylaxis inokubangela ukufa. Unyango olukhawulezayo luyimfuneko ukuphucula iziphumo zakho.

Unokuthintela njani ukungaphenduli?

Nje ukuba uchonge ukungabikho komzimba, unga:

• Gwema ukubonakaliswa kwi-allergen.
• Funa ukhathalelo lwezonyango ukuba ngaba uve kwi-allergen.
• Thatha amayeza ukunyanga i-anaphylaxis.

Awungekhe ukwazi ukunqanda ukusabela okungafunekiyo ngokupheleleyo, kodwa la manyathelo anokukunceda ekuthinteleni iimpendulo zexesha elizayo.