I-MRI yentliziyo

Ukucingelwa kwentliziyo yemagneti yendlela yokucinga esebenzisa iimagnethi ezinamandla kunye namaza erediyo ukwenza imifanekiso yentliziyo. Ayisebenzisi i-radiation (x-ray).

Imifanekiso eyodwa yemagneti yokujonga umfanekiso (i-MRI) ibizwa ngokuba izilayi. Imifanekiso inokugcinwa kwikhompyuter okanye iprintwe kwifilimu. Olunye uvavanyo luvelisa uninzi okanye ngamanye amaxesha amakhulu emifanekiso.

Uvavanyo lunokwenziwa njengenxalenye yesifuba se-MRI.

Unokucelwa ukuba unxibe ilokhwe yasesibhedlele okanye impahla ngaphandle kwezinto zokuqinisa zentsimbi (ezinje ngezikipa kunye nesikipa). Ezinye iintlobo zentsimbi zinokubangela imifanekiso engacacanga okanye zitsaleleke kumazibuthe onamandla.

Uya kulala etafileni emxinwa, ethi ityibilike ityhubhu enkulu efana netonela.

Ezinye iimviwo zifuna idayi ekhethekileyo (umahluko). Idayi ihlala inikwa ngaphambi kovavanyo ngokusebenzisa umthambo (IV) esandleni sakho okanye kwingalo yakho. Idayi inceda i-radiologist ibone iindawo ezithile ngokucacileyo. Oku kwahlukile kwidayi esetyenziselwa ukuskena i-CT.

Ngexesha le-MRI, umntu osebenza kumatshini uya kukujonga ukwelinye igumbi. Uvavanyo luhlala luhlala kwimizuzu engama-30 ukuya kwengama-60 kodwa lungathatha ixesha elide.

Unokucelwa ukuba ungatyi okanye usele nantoni na iiyure ezi-4 ukuya kwezi-6 ngaphambi kokuskena.

Xelela umboneleli wakho wezempilo ukuba woyika iindawo ezikufutshane (une-claustrophobia). Unokunikwa iyeza lokukunceda uzive ulele kwaye ungakhathazeki kangako, okanye umboneleli wakho angacebisa iMRI "evulekileyo", apho umatshini ungekho kufutshane nomzimba.

Ngaphambi kovavanyo, xelela umboneleli wakho ukuba unayo:

• Iiklip ze-aneurysm zengqondo
• Iindidi ezithile zezivalo zentliziyo ezingezizo
• Intliziyo defibrillator okanye ipacemaker
• Ukufakwa kwendlebe ngaphakathi (cochlear)
• Isifo sezintso okanye i-dialysis (ngekhe ukwazi ukufumana umahluko)
• Kutshanje kubekwe amalungu anganyanisekanga
• Iindidi ezithile ze-vascular stents
• Ukusebenza ngesinyithi kwiphepha elidlulileyo (unokufuna iimvavanyo ukujonga iziqwenga zentsimbi emehlweni akho)

Ngenxa yokuba i-MRI iqulethe iimagnethi ezinamandla, izinto zesinyithi azivumelekanga kwigumbi elinesikena se-MRI:

• Iipeni, iipokotho, kunye neiglasi zamehlo zingabhabha ngaphaya kwegumbi.
• Izinto ezinje ngezacholo, iiwotshi, amakhadi etyala kunye nezinto zokuva zinokonakaliswa.
• Izikhonkwane, izikhonkwane zeenwele, iiziphu zentsimbi, kunye nezinto ezifanayo zesinyithi zinokuyigqwetha imifanekiso.
• Umsebenzi osuswayo wamazinyo kufuneka ukhutshwe ngaphambi nje kokuskena.

Uvavanyo lwe-MRI lwentliziyo alubangeli zintlungu. Abanye abantu banokuba nexhala xa bengaphakathi kwiskena. Ukuba kunzima ukulala ungazolanga okanye uxhalabile, usenokunikwa amayeza okuphumla. Ukuhamba kakhulu kunokuphazamisa imifanekiso ye-MRI kwaye kubangele iimpazamo.

Itafile inokuba nzima okanye ibanda, kodwa ungacela ingubo okanye umqamelo. Umatshini uvelisa ingxolo enkulu kunye nengxolo xa kuvuliwe. Unokunikwa iiplagi zendlebe ukunceda ukunciphisa ingxolo.

I-intercom kwisikena ikuvumela ukuba uthethe nomntu owenza uvavanyo nanini na. Ezinye ii-MRI scanner zinee-TV kunye nee-headphone ezikhethekileyo zokunceda ukuhambisa ixesha.

Akukho xesha lokubuyisela, ngaphandle kokuba i-sedation iyimfuneko. (Uya kudinga umntu oza kukuqhuba agoduke ukuba unikwe i-sedation.) Emva kokuvavanywa kweMRI, ungaqala kwakhona ukutya okuqhelekileyo, umsebenzi kunye namayeza, ngaphandle kokuba umboneleli wakho ukuxelele ngenye indlela.

I-MRI ibonelela ngemifanekiso eneenkcukacha zentliziyo kunye nemithambo yegazi kwiimbono ezininzi. Rhoqo, isetyenziswa xa kufuneka ulwazi oluninzi emva kokuba une-echocardiogram okanye iskena sentliziyo se-CT. I-MRI ichaneke ngakumbi kune-CT scan okanye olunye uvavanyo lweemeko ezithile, kodwa ichanekile kancinci kwabanye.

Intliziyo ye-MRI ingasetyenziselwa ukuvavanya okanye ukufumanisa isifo:

• Umonakalo wentliziyo emva kokuhlaselwa yintliziyo
• Iziphene zokuzalwa kwentliziyo
• Izidumbu zentliziyo kunye nokukhula
• Ukunciphisa okanye ezinye iingxaki ngeentliziyo zomzimba
• Iimpawu zokusilela kwentliziyo

Iziphumo ezingaqhelekanga zinokubangelwa zizinto ezininzi, kubandakanya:

• Iingxaki zentliziyo yevalvu
• Ulwelo kwisingxobo esifana nesogquma esijikeleze intliziyo (ukungasebenzi komzimba)
• Ithumba lemithambo yegazi okanye ejikeleze intliziyo
• I-atrial myxoma okanye olunye ukukhula okanye ithumba entliziyweni
• Isifo sentliziyo esibelekweni (ingxaki yentliziyo ozelwe nayo)
• Ukulimala okanye ukufa kwintliziyo, ibonwa emva kokuhlaselwa kwentliziyo
• Ukudumba kwezihlunu zentliziyo
• Ukungena kwizihlunu zentliziyo ngezinto ezingaqhelekanga
• Ukwenza buthathaka kwemisipha yentliziyo, enokubangelwa yi-sarcoidosis okanye i-amyloidosis

Akukho radiation ichaphazeleka kwiMRI. Imagnethi yomhlaba kunye namaza erediyo asetyenzisiweyo ngexesha lokuskena aziboniswanga ukuba zibangele naziphi na iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga.

Ukungaphenduli komzimba kwidayi esetyenziswe ngexesha loviwo kunqabile. Uhlobo oluqhelekileyo lokuchasana (idayi) elisetyenzisiweyo yi-gadolinium. Kukhuselekile kakhulu. Umntu osebenza kumatshini uya kujonga ukubetha kwentliziyo yakho kunye nokuphefumla njengoko kufuneka. Iingxaki ezinqabileyo zinokwenzeka kubantu abaneengxaki zezintso ezinzima.

Abantu baye benzakala koomatshini be-MRI xa bengazisusanga izinto zesinyithi ezingubeni zabo okanye xa izinto zesinyithi zishiywe egumbini ngabanye.

I-MRI ihlala ingacetyiswa kukonzakala okubuhlungu. Ukutsalwa kunye nezixhobo zokuxhasa ubomi azinakungena ngokukhuselekileyo kwindawo yesikena.

Ii-MRIs zinokuba yindleko, zithathe ixesha elide ukuzenza, kwaye zinobuntununtunu ekuhambeni.

Ukubonwa kwemagnetic resonance - intliziyo; Imagnetic resonance imaging-intliziyo; Isandi senyukliya - intliziyo; I-NMR - intliziyo; MRI yentliziyo; Isifo sentliziyo - iMRI; Ukungaphumeleli kwentliziyo - iMRI; Isifo sentliziyo esibelekwe-iMRI

• Icandelo lentliziyo phakathi embindini
• Intliziyo - umbono wangaphambili
• Ukuskena iMRI

IKramer CM, iBeller GA, iHagspiel KD. Ukucinga ngentliziyo okungafunekiyo. Ku: IGoldman L, iSchafer AI, ii-eds. Amayeza eGoldman-Cecil. Ngomhla wama-26. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 50.

Kwong RY. Imifanekiso ye-Cardioovascular imaging resonance. Ku: Zipes DP, Libby P, Bonow RO, Mann DL, Tomaselli GF, Braunwald E, ii-eds. Isifo sentliziyo seBraunwald: Incwadi yesifundo seMpilo yeNtliziyo. Ngomhla we-11. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; I-2019: isahluko 17.