Uvavanyo lwePap

Uvavanyo lwePap lujonga umhlaza womlomo wesibeleko. Iiseli ezikhutshiwe ekuvulekeni komlomo wesibeleko ziyavavanywa phantsi kwemicroscope. Umlomo wesibeleko yinxalenye engezantsi yesibeleko (isibeleko) evuleka phezulu kwilungu lobufazi.

Olu vavanyo ngamanye amaxesha lubizwa ngokuba yi-Pap smear.

Ulala phezu kwetafile kwaye ubeke iinyawo zakho xa ushukuma. Umboneleli wakho wezempilo ubeka ngobunono isixhobo esibizwa ngokuba yi-speculum kwilungu lobufazi ukuze usivule kancinci. Oku kuvumela umboneleli ukuba abone ngaphakathi kwilungu lobufazi kunye nomlomo wesibeleko.

Iiseli zikhutshwe ngobunono kwindawo yomlomo wesibeleko. Isampulu yeeseli zithunyelwa kwilebhu yoviwo.

Xelela umboneleli wakho ngawo onke amayeza owasebenzisayo. Ezinye iipilisi zokulawula ukuzalwa eziqukethe i-estrogen okanye iprogestin inokuchaphazela iziphumo zovavanyo.

Xelela umboneleli wakho ukuba:

• Ndenze uvavanyo lwePap ngokungaqhelekanga
• Unokukhulelwa

MUSA ukwenza oku kulandelayo kwiiyure ezingama-24 phambi kovavanyo:

• UDouche (douching akufuneki yenziwe)
• Yiba neentlobano zesini
• Sebenzisa iitampon

Zama ukungalucwangcisi uvavanyo lwakho lwePap ngelixa usexesheni (usexesheni). Igazi linokwenza iziphumo zovavanyo lwePap zichaneke kancinci. Ukuba wopha ngokungalindelekanga, sukulurhoxisa uviwo lwakho. Umboneleli wakho uya kugqiba ukuba ngaba uvavanyo lwePap lusenokwenziwa.

Khuphela isinyi sakho ngaphambi kovavanyo.

Uvavanyo lwePap lubangela ukungonwabi kwabasetyhini abaninzi. Ingabangela ukungonwabi okuthile, okufana neempawu zokuya exesheni. Unokuziva uxinzelelo ngexesha loviwo.

Usopha kancinci emva kovavanyo.

Uvavanyo lwePap luvavanyo lokuvavanywa komhlaza womlomo wesibeleko. Uninzi lomhlaza womlomo wesibeleko unokufunyanwa kwangethuba ukuba umntu wasetyhini uneemvavanyo eziqhelekileyo zePap.

Uvavanyo kufuneka luqale kubudala be-21.

Emva kovavanyo lokuqala:

• Kuya kufuneka wenze uvavanyo lwePap rhoqo kwiminyaka emithathu ukukhangela umhlaza womlomo wesibeleko.
• Ukuba ungaphezulu kweminyaka engama-30 kwaye une-HPV eyenziwe, kwaye zombini uvavanyo lwePap kunye novavanyo lwe-HPV ziqhelekile, unokuvavanywa rhoqo kwiminyaka emi-5. I-HPV (papillomavirus yabantu) yintsholongwane ebangela iintsumpa kumalungu esini kunye nomhlaza womlomo wesibeleko.
• Uninzi lwabasetyhini banokuyeka kuvavanyo lwePap emva kweminyaka yobudala engama-65 ukuya kuma-70 okoko beye baneemvavanyo ezi-3 ezimbi kwiminyaka eli-10 edlulileyo.

Akunakufuneka ube novavanyo lwePap ukuba ngaba une-hysterectomy iyonke (isibeleko kunye nomlomo wesibeleko ususwe) kwaye khange ufumane uvavanyo lwePap olungaqhelekanga, umhlaza womlomo wesibeleko, okanye omnye umhlaza wesibeleko. Xoxa oku nomboneleli wakho.

Iziphumo eziqhelekileyo zithetha ukuba azikho iiseli ezingaqhelekanga ezikhoyo. Uvavanyo lwePap aluchanekanga nge-100%. Umhlaza womlomo wesibeleko unokuphoswa kwinani elincinci lamatyala. Uninzi lwexesha, umhlaza womlomo wesibeleko ukhula kancinci, kwaye ukulandelela iimvavanyo zePap kufuneka zifumane naluphi na utshintsho ngexesha lonyango.

Iziphumo ezingaqhelekanga zihlelwe ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

I-ASCUS okanye i-AGUS:

• Esi siphumo sithetha ukuba kukho iiseli ze-atypical, kodwa akuqinisekanga okanye akucaci ukuba olu tshintsho luthetha ntoni.
• Utshintsho lunokubangelwa yi-HPV.
• Banokubangelwa kukudumba kwesizathu esingaziwayo.
• Banokubangelwa kukusilela kwe-estrogen njengoko kusenzeka exesheni.
  
• Banokuthetha ukuba kukho utshintsho olunokukhokelela kumhlaza.
• Ezi iiseli zinokuchaphazeleka kwaye zinokuvela ngaphandle komlomo wesibeleko okanye ngaphakathi kwesibeleko.

IDYSPLASIA (IBAKALA ELIPHantsi) OKANYE IDYSPLASIA EPHAKAMILEYO (HSIL):

• Oku kuthetha utshintsho olunokukhokelela kumhlaza okhoyo.
• Umngcipheko wokuqhubela phambili komhlaza womlomo wesibeleko mkhulu nge-HSIL.

ICARCINOMA KWISITU (CIS):

• Esi siphumo sihlala sithetha ukuba utshintsho olungaqhelekanga lunokubangela umhlaza womlomo wesibeleko ukuba alunyangwa

IISELI EZILIQHELEKILEYO (ASC):

• Utshintsho olungaqhelekanga lufunyenwe kwaye lunokuba yi-HSIL

IISELI ZENDLELA YOKUHLOLA (AGC):

• Utshintsho lweseli olunokukhokelela kumhlaza lubonwa kwindawo ephezulu yomlomo wesibeleko okanye ngaphakathi kwesibeleko.

Xa uvavanyo lwePap lubonisa utshintsho olungaqhelekanga, ukuvavanywa ngakumbi okanye ukulandelelwa kuyafuneka. Inyathelo elilandelayo lixhomekeke kwiziphumo zovavanyo lwePap, imbali yakho yangaphambili yovavanyo lwePap, kunye nemingcipheko onokuba nayo kumhlaza womlomo wesibeleko.

Utshintsho oluncinci lweeseli, ababoneleli baya kuncoma olunye uvavanyo lwePap okanye baphinde uvavanyo lwe-HPV kwiinyanga ezi-6 ukuya kwezi-12.

Uvavanyo olulandelayo okanye unyango lunokubandakanya:

• IColposcopy ejolise ngqo kwi-biopsy- iColposcopy yinkqubo apho umlomo wesibeleko uphakanyiswa nge-binocular njengesixhobo esibizwa ngokuba yi-colposcope. Ii-biopsies ezincinci zihlala zifunyanwa ngexesha lale nkqubo ukumisela ubungakanani bengxaki.
• Uvavanyo lwe-HPV lokujonga ubukho beentlobo zentsholongwane ye-HPV ezinokubangela umhlaza.
• Umlomo wesibeleko.
• Biopsy yento.

Uvavanyo lwePapanicolaou; Ipap smear; Ukuvavanywa komhlaza womlomo wesibeleko-uvavanyo lwePap; Isibeleko se-intraepithelial neoplasia - iPap; I-CIN-iPap; Utshintsho olwenziwe kwangaphambili lomlomo wesibeleko-Pap; Umhlaza womlomo wesibeleko - iPap; I-squamous intraepithelial lesion - iPap; I-LSIL-Pap; HSIL - Pap; IPap ekumgangatho ophantsi; I-Pap ephezulu; ICarcinoma in situ-Pap; I-CIS-Pap; I-ASCUS-Pap; Iiseli glandular atypical - Pap; I-AGUS-Pap; Iiseli squamous atypical - Pap; I-HPV - iPap; Intsholongwane yepapilloma yomntu - umlomo wesibeleko sePap - iPap; IColposcopy-Pap

• I-anatomy yokuzala yabasetyhini
• Ipap smear
• Isibeleko
• Ukhukuliseko lomlomo wesibeleko

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Ikholeji yaseMelika yoNyango kunye neeGynecologists. Ziqhelanise nebhulethini hayi. 157: ukuhlolwa komhlaza womlomo wesibeleko kunye nokuthintela. IGynecol ebambekayo. Ngo-2016; 127 (1): e1-e20. IINKCUKACHA: 26695583 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26695583/.

Ikholeji yaseMelika yezithintelo kunye newebhusayithi yamaGynecologists. Ukuziqhelanisa neengcebiso: ukuhlolwa komhlaza womlomo wesibeleko (uhlaziyo). Nge-9 ka-Agasti ka-2018. Ipapashwe ngo-Agasti 29, 2018. Iqinisekisiwe ngoNovemba 8, 2019. Ifikeleleke nge-Matshi 17, 2020.

INewkirk GR. I-Pap smear kunye neendlela ezinxulumene nokuvavanywa komhlaza womlomo wesibeleko. Ku: Fowler GC, ed. Iinkqubo zikaPfenninger kunye neFowler zoKhathalelo oluSisiseko. Ngomhla we-4. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahluko 120.

Ilungu lePalamente, iBaker ES, iSchmeler KM. I-neoplasia ye-Intraepithelial neoplasia yendlela esezantsi yesibeleko (umlomo wesibeleko, ubufazi, ubufazi): i-etiology, ukuhlolwa, ukuxilongwa, kunye nolawulo. Ku: Lobo RA, Gershenson DM, Lentz GM, Valea FA, ii-eds. Gynecology egqibeleleyo. Umhla wesi-7. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; Ngo-2017: isahluko 28.

I-Saslow D, uSolomon D, uLawson HW, et al. Umbutho waseMelika woMhlaza, uMbutho waseMelika weColposcopy kunye neCathology Pathology, kunye noMbutho waseMelika kwizikhokelo zovavanyo lwezonyango kuthintelo kunye nokufunyanwa komhlaza womlomo wesibeleko kwangoko. Umhlaza kwi-CA. Ngo-2012; 62 (3): 147-172. IINKCUKACHA: 22422631 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22422631.

Iinkonzo zoThintelo lweeNkonzo zoMsebenzi wase-US. Isiteyitimenti sokugqibela sengcebiso. Umhlaza womlomo wesibeleko: ukuhlolwa. www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/uspstf/recommendation/cervical-cancer-screening. Ukuhlaziywa kuka-Agasti 21, 2018. Ifikeleleke ngoJanuwari 22, 2020.