Isifo sentliziyo

Isifo sentliziyo iCoronary kukucuthwa kwemithambo yegazi encinci ebonelela ngegazi kunye neoksijini entliziyweni. Isifo sentliziyo (Coronary disease) (CHD) sikwabizwa ngokuba sisifo semithambo.

I-CHD ngoyena nobangela uphambili wokusweleka e-United States yamadoda nabasetyhini.

I-CHD ibangelwa kukwakhiwa kweplati kwimithambo yentliziyo yakho. Oku kunokubizwa ngokuba lukhuni kwemithambo.

• Izinto ezinamafutha kunye nezinye izinto zenza i-plaque eyakhiweyo kwiindonga zemithambo yakho yemithambo. Imithambo yegazi izisa igazi neoksijini entliziyweni yakho.
• Olu lwakhiwo lubangela ukuba imithambo inciphe.
• Ngenxa yoko, ukuhamba kwegazi entliziyweni kuya kuncipha okanye kume.

Umngcipheko wesifo sentliziyo yinto eyonyusa amathuba okuba usifumane. Awunakho ukutshintsha umngcipheko wesifo sentliziyo, kodwa ungazitshintsha ezinye.

Ngamanye amaxesha, iimpawu zinokubonakala kakhulu. Kodwa, unokuba nesi sifo kwaye ungabinazimpawu. Oku kuhlala kuyinyani kwinqanaba lokuqala lesifo sentliziyo.

Intlungu yesifuba okanye ukungonwabi (i-angina) lolona phawu luqhelekileyo. Uziva le ntlungu xa intliziyo ingafumani gazi laneleyo okanye ioksijini. Intlungu inokuziva yahlukile kumntu kumntu.

• Unokuziva unzima okanye ngathi umntu ucinezela intliziyo yakho. Unokuziva ungaphantsi kwethambo lakho lebele (sternum). Unokuziva usentanyeni, ezingalweni, esiswini, okanye ngasemva.
• Iintlungu zihlala zenzeka ngomsebenzi okanye ngokweemvakalelo. Imka ngokuphumla okanye iyeza elibizwa ngokuba yi-nitroglycerin.
• Ezinye iimpawu zibandakanya ukuphefumla kancinci kunye nokudinwa ngomsebenzi (amandla).

Abanye abantu baneempawu ngaphandle kweentlungu zesifuba, ezinje:

• Ukudinwa
• Ukuqhawukelwa ngumphefumlo
• Ubuthathaka ngokubanzi

Umboneleli wakho wezempilo uyakukuvavanya. Uya kuhlala ufuna uvavanyo olungaphezulu kwesinye ngaphambi kokuba ufumane isifo.

Uvavanyo lokuvavanya i-CHD lunokubandakanya:

• I-Coronary angiography -Uvavanyo olungenayo oluvavanya imithambo yentliziyo phantsi kwe-x-ray.
• Uvavanyo loxinzelelo lwe-Echocardiogram.
• I-Electrocardiogram (ECG).
• I-Electron-beam ikhomputha ye-tomography (i-EBCT) ukujonga i-calcium kwimbombo yemithambo. I-calcium eninzi, iphakamisa ithuba lakho le-CHD.
• Zilolonge uvavanyo loxinzelelo.
• Ukuskena kwentliziyo kwe-CT.
• Uvavanyo loxinzelelo lwenyukliya.

Unokucelwa ukuba uthathe iyeza elinye okanye nangaphezulu ukunyanga uxinzelelo lwegazi, isifo seswekile, okanye amanqanaba aphezulu e-cholesterol. Landela izikhokelo zomboneleli wakho ngokukhawuleza ukunceda ukuthintela i-CHD ekubeni mandundu.

Iinjongo zokunyanga le miba kubantu abane-CHD:

• Eyona nto kujongwa kuyo uxinzelelo lwegazi kubantu abanesifo sentliziyo ingaphantsi kwe-130/80, kodwa umboneleli wakho unokucebisa ngokujolisa koxinzelelo lwegazi olwahlukileyo.
• Ukuba unesifo seswekile, amanqanaba akho e-HbA1c aya kujongwa kwaye wehliswe kwinqanaba lokubonelelwa ngumboneleli wakho.
• Inqanaba lakho le-LDL le-cholesterol liya kuthotywa ngamachiza e-statin.

Unyango luxhomekeke kwiimpawu zakho nokuba isifo siqatha kangakanani. Kuya kufuneka uyazi malunga:

• Amanye amayeza asetyenziselwa ukunyanga i-angina.
• Kufuneka wenze ntoni xa unentlungu esifubeni.
• Ukusebenza xa unesifo senhliziyo.
• Ukutya ukutya okunesifo sentliziyo.

Ungaze uyeke ukuthatha amayeza akho ngaphandle kokuqala uthethe nomboneleli wakho. Ukuyeka amayeza entliziyo ngequbuliso kunokwenza ukuba i-angina yakho ibe mandundu okanye kubangele isifo sentliziyo.

Unokudluliselwa kwinkqubo yokuvuselela intliziyo ukunceda ukuphucula ukufaneleka kwentliziyo yakho.

Iinkqubo kunye notyando olusetyenziselwa ukunyanga i-CHD lubandakanya:

• I-angioplasty kunye nokubekwa okuqinileyo, okubizwa ngokuba yi-percutaneous coronary interventions (PCIs)
• Umthambo weCoronary ugqitha ngotyando
• Ukuhlinzwa kancinci kwentliziyo

Wonke umntu uchacha ngendlela eyahlukileyo. Abanye abantu banokuhlala besempilweni ngokutshintsha indlela abatya ngayo, ukuyeka ukutshaya, kunye nokuthatha amayeza abo njengoko kumiselwe. Abanye banokufuna iinkqubo zonyango ezinje nge-angioplasty okanye utyando.

Ngokubanzi, ukufumanisa kwangoko i-CHD ngokubanzi kukhokelela kwisiphumo esingcono.

Ukuba unayo nayiphi na imingcipheko ye-CHD, thetha nomboneleli wakho malunga nothintelo kunye namanyathelo onyango enokwenzeka.

Tsalela umnikezeli wakho umnxeba, fowunela inombolo yongxamiseko yendawo (enje nge-911), okanye uye kwigumbi likaxakeka ngoko nangoko ukuba unayo:

• I-Angina okanye iintlungu zesifuba
• Ukuqhawukelwa ngumphefumlo
• Iimpawu zesifo sentliziyo

Thatha la manyathelo ukunceda ukuthintela isifo sentliziyo.

• Ukuba uyatshaya, yeka. Zininzi izibonelelo ezikhoyo zokukunceda uyeke ukutshaya.
• Funda indlela yokutya ukutya okusempilweni ngokwenza izinto ezilula endaweni yazo. Umzekelo, khetha amafutha asempilweni ngentliziyo ngaphezulu kwebhotela kunye namanye amafutha.
• Yenza umthambo rhoqo, ubuncinci ubuncinci imizuzu engama-30 ubuninzi beentsuku. Ukuba unesifo sentliziyo, thetha nomboneleli wakho malunga nokuqala indlela yokwenza umthambo.
• Gcina ubunzima bomzimba obusempilweni.
• Ukunciphisa i-cholesterol ephezulu kunye neenguqu zokuphila, kwaye ukuba kuyimfuneko, amayeza e-statin.
• Nciphisa uxinzelelo lwegazi usebenzisa ukutya kunye namayeza
• Thetha nomboneleli wakho malunga nonyango lweasprini.
• Ukuba unesifo seswekile, gcina usilawulwa kakuhle ukunceda ukuthintela ukubetha kwentliziyo kunye nokubetha.

Nokuba sele unesifo sentliziyo, ukuthatha la manyathelo kuya kukunceda ukhusele intliziyo yakho kunye nokuthintela umonakalo ongaphezulu.

Isifo sentliziyo, isifo sentliziyo, iCoronary artery disease; Isifo sentliziyo iAteriosclerotic; CHD; CAD

• Emva kotyando lokwehla kobunzima-yintoni oza kuyibuza ugqirha wakho
• Iziyobisi Antiplatelet - P2Y12 inhibitors
• I-Aspirin kunye nesifo sentliziyo
• Phambi kotyando lokwehla kobunzima-yintoni oza kuyibuza ugqirha wakho
• Cholesterol - unyango lweziyobisi
• Ukulawula uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu
• Kuchazwe amafutha ezempilo
• Iingcebiso zokutya okukhawulezayo
• Utyando lokudlula kwisisu-ukukhupha
• Utyando lokudlula kwentliziyo-ukukhutshwa
• Utyando lokudlula kwentliziyo-ukukhutshwa kancinci okungafunekiyo
• Isifo sentliziyo - umngcipheko
• Ukungaphumeleli kwentliziyo - ukukhutshwa
• Ukungaphumeleli kwentliziyo - ulwelo kunye ne-diuretics
• Ukungaphumeleli kwentliziyo-ukubeka iliso ekhaya
• Intliziyo pacemaker - ukubhobhoza
• Ufunda njani iilebheli zokutya
• Isixhobo se-Cardioverter defibrillator esinokufakwa
• I-Laparoscopic gastric banding - ukukhutshwa
• Ukutya okunetyuwa encinci
• Ukutya kweMeditera

• Icandelo lentliziyo phakathi embindini
• Intliziyo - umbono wangaphambili
• Imithambo yentliziyo engaphambili
• Imithambo yentliziyo engasemva
• MI efanelekileyo
• Abavelisi beCholesterol

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UMorrow DA, de Lemos JA. Isifo sentliziyo esomeleleyo. Ku: Zipes DP, Libby P, Bonow RO, Mann DL, Tomaselli GF, Braunwald E, ii-eds. Isifo sentliziyo seBraunwald: Incwadi yesifundo seMpilo yeNtliziyo. Ngomhla we-11. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; I-2019: isahluko 61.

UWhelton PK, uCarey RM, uAronow WS, et al. I-2017 ACC / AHA / AAPA / ABC / ACPM / AGS / APhA / ASH / ASPC / NMA / Isikhokelo sePCNA soThintelo, ukuKhangela, ukuVavanya, kunye nokuLawula uxinzelelo lwegazi oluphezulu kubantu abadala: Ingxelo yeAmerican College of Cardiology / American UMbutho weNtliziyo weQela loMsebenzi kwiZikhokelo zeNkqubo yokuziQhelanisa neKlinikhi. [Ulungiso olupapashiweyo lubonakala kuJ Am Coll Cardiol. 2018; 71 (19): 2275-2279]. J NdinguColl Cardiol. 2018; 71 (19): e127-e248. IINKCUKACHA: 29146535 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29146535/.