Isifo sentliziyo kunye nabafazi

Abantu bahlala bengaqwalaseli isifo sentliziyo isifo sowasetyhini. Ukanti isifo sentliziyo sisifo esingumbulali ophambili kwabasetyhini abangaphezulu kweminyaka yobudala engama-25. Sibulala phantse inani eliphindwe kabini labasetyhini e-United States kuzo zonke iintlobo zomhlaza.

Amadoda anomngcipheko omkhulu wesifo sentliziyo kwangoko ebomini kunabafazi. Umngcipheko wabasetyhini uyanda emva kokuyeka ukuya exesheni.

IZIMPAWU ZESIFO SEZINTLOKO

Abasetyhini banokuba neempawu zokulumkisa ezingabonakali kwiiveki okanye kwiminyaka ngaphambi kokuhlaselwa kwentliziyo.

• Amadoda ahlala eneempawu "zeklasikhi" zokuhlaselwa kwentliziyo: ukuqina esifubeni, iintlungu zengalo, kunye nokuphefumla okufutshane.
• Iimpawu zabasetyhini zinokufana nezo zamadoda.
• Abasetyhini banokukhalaza nangezinye iimpawu, ezinje ngokuba nesicaphucaphu, ukudinwa, ukungaginyi, ukuxhalaba kunye nesiyezi.

YENZA NGEXESHA

Ukuqonda nokunyanga isifo sentliziyo kwangoko kuphucula ithuba lakho lokusinda. Ngokomndilili, umntu ohlaselwa sisifo sentliziyo uya kulinda iiyure ezi-2 ngaphambi kokubiza uncedo.

Yazi imiqondiso yesilumkiso kwaye uhlale ubiza u-911 okanye inombolo yendawo yongxamiseko yendawo ngaphakathi kwemizuzu emi-5 ukuqala kwempawu. Ngokusebenza ngokukhawuleza, unokunciphisa umda kwintliziyo yakho.

Lawula izinto zakho zobungozi

Umngcipheko yinto eyonyusa amathuba akho okufumana isifo okanye imeko ethile yempilo. Ungawutshintsha umngcipheko wesifo sentliziyo. Eminye imingcipheko onokungayitshintshi.

Abasetyhini kufuneka basebenze nomboneleli wabo wezempilo ukulungisa imingcipheko abanokuthi bayitshintshe.

• Sebenzisa indlela yokuphila ukugcina amanqanaba akho e-cholesterol egazini kwindawo efanelekileyo. Iithagethi zamanqanaba e-cholesterol ziyahluka, kuxhomekeke kubungozi bakho. Buza umboneleli wakho ukuba zeziphi iithagethi ezilungileyo kuwe.
• Gcina uxinzelelo lwegazi kwindawo efanelekileyo. Inqanaba lakho elifanelekileyo loxinzelelo lwegazi liya kuxhomekeka kubungozi bakho. Xoxa ngokujoliswe kuko kwegazi kunye nomboneleli wakho.

I-Estrogen ayisasetyenziswanga ukuthintela isifo sentliziyo kubafazi bayo nayiphi na iminyaka. I-Estrogen inokunyusa umngcipheko wesifo sentliziyo kubafazi abadala. Nangona kunjalo, isenokusetyenziselwa abanye abantu basetyhini ukunyanga ubushushu okanye ezinye iingxaki zonyango.

• Ukusetyenziswa kwe-Estrogen mhlawumbi kukhuselekile kubafazi abangaphantsi kweminyaka engama-60.
• Kufuneka isetyenziselwe elona xesha lifutshane linokubakho.
• Kuphela ngabafazi abanomngcipheko ophantsi wokubetha, isifo sentliziyo, amahlwili egazi, okanye umhlaza webele ekufuneka bethathe i-estrogen.

Abanye abantu basetyhini (ngakumbi abo banesifo sentliziyo) banokuthatha i-aspirin yedosi ephantsi mihla le ukunceda ukuthintela uhlaselo lwentliziyo. Abanye abantu basetyhini bayacetyiswa ukuba bathathe i-aspirin yedosi ephantsi ukunqanda ukubetha. I-Aspirin inokunyusa umngcipheko wokopha, ke jonga kumboneleli wakho ngaphambi kokuqala unyango lweasprini lwemihla ngemihla.

PHILA INDLELA YOKUPHILA EPHILILEYO

Eminye yemingcipheko yesifo sentliziyo onokuthi uyitshintshe zezi:

• SUKUTSHAYA okanye usebenzise icuba.
• Fumana umthambo omninzi. Abasetyhini abafuna ukunciphisa umzimba okanye ukugcina ubunzima babo kufuneka bafumane ubuncinci imizuzu engama-60 ukuya kwengama-90 yokuzivocavoca ngamandla kwiintsuku ezininzi. Ukugcina impilo yakho, fumana ubuncinci imizuzu engama-30 yokuzilolonga ngosuku, ubuncinci ubuncinci iintsuku ezintlanu ngeveki.
• Gcina ubunzima obusempilweni. Abasetyhini kufuneka balwele isalathiso sobunzima bomzimba (BMI) esiphakathi kwe-18.5 ukuya kuma-24.9 kunye nesinqe esincinci kune-intshi ezingama-35 (90 cm).
• Jonga kwaye unyangwe uxinzelelo, ukuba kukho imfuneko.
• Abasetyhini abane-cholesterol ephezulu okanye amanqanaba e-triglyceride banokuzuza kwi-omega-3 fatty acid supplements.

Ukuba usela utywala, zilinganisele kwisiselo esingaphezulu kwesinye ngosuku. Musa ukusela ngenjongo yokukhusela intliziyo yakho.

Ukutya okunesondlo kubalulekile kwimpilo yentliziyo yakho, kwaye kuya kunceda ukulawula ezinye zezifo zesifo sentliziyo.

• Yitya ukutya okunotyebileyo kwiziqhamo, imifuno, kunye neenkozo ezipheleleyo.
• Khetha iiproteni ezinqinileyo, njengenkukhu, intlanzi, iimbotyi kunye nemidumba.
• Yitya iimveliso zobisi ezinamafutha asezantsi, ezinje ngobisi olunamafutha kunye neyoghur ephantsi.
• Gwema isodium (ityuwa) kunye namafutha afunyanwa kukutya okuthosiweyo, ukutya okwenziweyo kunye nezinto ezibhakiweyo
• Yitya iimveliso zezilwanyana ezimbalwa eziqukethe itshizi, cream okanye amaqanda.
• Funda iilebhile, kwaye uhlale kude "namanqatha agcweleyo" nayo nayiphi na into enamafutha "ngokuyinxenye-hydrogenated" okanye "hydrogenated" amafutha. Ezi mveliso zihlala ziphezulu kumanqatha angenampilo.

CAD - abasetyhini; Isifo semithambo yegazi - abasetyhini

• Icandelo lentliziyo phakathi embindini
• Intliziyo - umbono wangaphambili
• MI efanelekileyo
• Ukutya okusempilweni

UFihn SD, uBlankenship JC, uAlexander KP, et al. Ngo-2014 i-ACC / AHA / AATS / i-PCNA / i-SCAI / i-STS igxile ekuhlaziyweni kwesikhokelo sokuchongwa kunye nolawulo lwezigulana ezinesifo sentliziyo esisigxina: ingxelo yeAmerican College of Cardiology / American Heart Association Task Force kwiZikhokelo zokuSebenza, kunye Umbutho waseMelika woNyango lwe-Thoracic, uMbutho wabahlengikazi abaThintelayo be-Cardiovascular, uMbutho we-Cardiovascular Angiography kunye nongenelelo, kunye noMbutho woNyango lweTroacic. Ukujikeleza. Ngo-2014; 130 (19): 1749-1767. IINKCUKACHA: 25070666 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25070666/.

UGulati M, uBairey Merz CN. Isifo sentliziyo kwabasetyhini. Ku: Zipes DP, Libby P, Bonow RO, Mann DL, Tomaselli GF, Braunwald E, ii-eds. Isifo sentliziyo seBraunwald: Incwadi yesifundo seMpilo yeNtliziyo. Ngomhla we-11. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; I-2019: isahluko 89.

IHodis HN, iMack WJ, iHenderson VW, et al; IQela loPhando le-ELITE. Iziphumo zeVascular zonyango lwakwangoko xa kuthelekiswa nonyango lwasemva kwexesha kunye ne-estradiol. N Engl J Med. Ngo-2016; 374 (13): 1221-1231. IINKCUKACHA: 27028912 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27028912/.

UMeschia JF, uBushnell C, uBoden-Albala B, et al; I-American Heart Association Stroke Council; IBhunga kwi-Cardiovascular and Stroke Nursing; IBhunga leCardiology Cardiology; IBhunga le-genomics esebenzayo kunye ne-Biology ye-Translational; IBhunga loxinzelelo lwegazi. Izikhokelo zothintelo lokuqala lwe-stroke: ingxelo yabasebenzi bezempilo kwi-American Heart Association / American Association. Ukubetha. Ngo-2014; 45 (12): 3754-3832. IINKCUKACHA: 25355838 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25355838/.

UMosca L, uBenjamin EJ, uBerra K, et al. Izikhokelo ezisebenza ngokukuko kuthintelo lwesifo sentliziyo kubafazi-uhlaziyo luka-2011: Isikhokelo esivela kwiAmerican Heart Association. Ukujikeleza. Ngo-2011; 123 (11): 1243-1262. IINKCUKACHA: 21325087 pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21325087/.

Ridker PM, Libby P, Buring JE. Iimpawu zomngcipheko kunye nothintelo lokuqala lwezifo zentliziyo. Ku: Zipes DP, Libby P, Bonow RO, Mann DL, Tomaselli GF, Braunwald E, ii-eds. Isifo sentliziyo seBraunwald: Incwadi yesifundo seMpilo yeNtliziyo. Ngomhla we-11. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; I-2019: isahluko 45.

USmith SC Jr, uBenjamin EJ, uBonow RO, et al. I-AHA / ACCF yothintelo lwesibini kunye nonyango lokunciphisa umngcipheko kwizigulana ezinesifo se-coronary kunye nezinye izifo ze-atherosclerotic vascular: Uhlaziyo luka-2011: isikhokelo esivela kwi-American Heart Association kunye ne-American College of Cardiology Foundation evunywe yi-World Heart Federation kunye noMbutho Wabahlengikazi Wokhuseleko Lweentliziyo. J NdinguColl Cardiol. Ngo-2011; 58 (23): 2432-2446. Isishwankathelo. PMID: 22055990.

Iphaneli yeNgcebiso ngeNdawo yokuNyanga iHormone yoNyango lweHormone. Ingxelo yonyango lwehomoni yonyango luka-2017 loMbutho waseNyakatho Melika wokuNqamuka kwexesha Ukuyeka ukuya exesheni. Ngo-2017; 24 (7): 728-753. IINKCUKACHA: 28650869.