Iswekile esezantsi yegazi- usana olusanda kuzalwa

Inqanaba leswekile esezantsi kwiintsana ezisandul 'ukuzalwa zikwabizwa ngokuba yi-neonatal hypoglycemia. Ibhekisa kwiswekile esezantsi yegazi (iswekile) kwiintsuku zokuqala emva kokuzalwa.

Iintsana zifuna iswekile yegazi (iswekile) yamandla. Uninzi lwaloo glucose lusetyenziswa yingqondo.

Usana lufumana iswekile kunina ngeplasenta ngaphambi kokuzalwa. Emva kokuzalwa, umntwana ufumana iswekile kunina ngobisi, okanye kubisi olungumgubo. Usana lunokuvelisa iswekile ethile esibindini.

Inqanaba leglucose linokuhla xa:

• Ininzi i-insulin egazini. I-insulin yihomoni etsala iswekile egazini.
• Umntwana akakwazi ukuvelisa iswekile eyaneleyo.
• Umzimba womntwana usebenzisa i-glucose engaphezulu kunokuba iveliswa.
• Usana alunako ukuthatha iswekile eyaneleyo ngokondla.

I-hypoglycemia ye-Neonatal yenzeka xa inqanaba le-glucose yosana olusandul 'ukuzalwa lubangela iimpawu okanye lingaphantsi koluhlu oluthathwa ngokuba lukhuselekile kubudala bomntwana. Kwenzeka malunga no-1 ukuya ku-3 kwabali-1000 abazalwayo.

Inqanaba leswekile esezantsi kwegazi kunokwenzeka ngakumbi kwiintsana enye okanye nangaphezulu kwezi zinto zinomngcipheko:

• Ukuzalwa kwangoko, unesifo esosulelayo, okanye ioksijini efunekayo kanye emva kokubeleka
• Umama unesifo seswekile (ezi ntsana zihlala zikhulu kunesiqhelo)
• Ukukhula kancinci kunokulindelweyo esibelekweni ngexesha lokukhulelwa
• Incinci okanye inkulu ngobukhulu kunokuba bekulindelwe kwiminyaka yabo yokukhulelwa

Iintsana ezineswekile esezantsi yegazi zisenokungabi nazimpawu. Ukuba umntwana wakho unomnye umngcipheko weswekile esezantsi yegazi, abongikazi esibhedlele baya kujonga iswekile yegazi lomntwana wakho, nokuba akukho zimpawu.

Inqanaba leswekile yegazi ihlala ihlolwa kwiintsana ezinezi mpawu:

• Umbala oluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka okanye okhanyayo
• Iingxaki zokuphefumla, ezinjengokuphefumla (ukuphefumla), ukuphefumla ngokukhawuleza, okanye isandi esikrokrayo
• Ukucaphuka okanye ukungabinalo uluhlu
• Ukukhululeka okanye izihlunu zefloppy
• Ukungondli kakuhle okanye ukugabha
• Iingxaki zokugcina umzimba ushushu
• Iinyikima, ukugungqa, ukubila, okanye ukuxhuzula

Iintsana ezisemngciphekweni we-hypoglycemia kufuneka zibe novavanyo lwegazi ukulinganisa inqanaba leswekile yegazi rhoqo emva kokuzalwa. Oku kuyakwenziwa kusetyenziswa isithende sesithende. Umboneleli wezempilo kufuneka aqhubeke nokuthatha uvavanyo lwegazi de inqanaba lomntwana leswekile lihlale liqhelekile malunga neeyure ezili-12 ukuya kwezingama-24.

Olunye uvavanyo olunokubakho lubandakanya ukuvavanywa kosana olusanda kuzalwa lokuphazamiseka emzimbeni, njengokuvavanywa kwegazi nomchamo.

Iintsana ezineswekile esezantsi yegazi kuya kufuneka zifumane ukutya okongeziweyo ngobisi lukamama okanye ifomula. Iintsana ezincancisayo zisenokufuna ukufumana ubisi olongezelelekileyo xa umama engakwazi ukuvelisa ubisi olwaneleyo. (Ukuthetha ngesandla nokuthambisa kunokunceda oomama baveze ubisi oluninzi.) Ngamanye amaxesha ijeli yeswekile inokunikwa ngomlomo okwexeshana ukuba alukho ubisi olwaneleyo.

Usana lunokufuna isisombululo seswekile esinikezwe ngemithambo (ngaphakathi) xa singakwazi ukutya ngomlomo, okanye ukuba iswekile esezantsi yegazi iphantsi kakhulu.

Unyango luya kuqhubekeka ade umntwana akwazi ukugcina inqanaba leswekile egazini. Oku kungathatha iiyure okanye iintsuku. Iintsana ezizalwe kwangoko, zinesifo, okanye zizalwe zinobunzima obuphantsi zinokufuna ukunyangwa ixesha elide.

Ukuba iswekile esezantsi yegazi iyaqhubeka, kwiimeko ezinqabileyo, umntwana unokufumana iyeza lokunyusa inqanaba leswekile yegazi. Kwiimeko ezinqabileyo kakhulu, abantwana abasandul 'ukuzalwa abane-hypoglycemia enzima kakhulu abangaphuculiyo kunyango banokufuna utyando ukususa inwebu yepancreas (ukunciphisa imveliso ye-insulin)

Imbonakalo ilungile kwiintsana ezingenazimpawu, okanye eziphendula kakuhle kunyango. Nangona kunjalo, iswekile esezantsi yegazi inokubuyela kwinani elincinci leentsana emva konyango.

Imeko inokuthi ibuye xa iintsana zithathwa kulwelo olunikezwe ngomthambo ngaphambi kokuba zikulungele ukutya ngomlomo.

Iintsana ezineempawu ezibi kakhulu kunokwenzeka ukuba ziphuhlise iingxaki zokufunda. Oku kuhlala kuyinyani kwiintsana ezinobunzima obungaphantsi komndilili okanye oomama abanesifo seswekile.

Iswekile esezantsi egazini okanye eqhubekayo inokuchaphazela ukusebenza kwengqondo yosana. Kwiimeko ezinqabileyo, ukusilela kwentliziyo okanye ukubanjwa kungenzeka. Nangona kunjalo, ezi ngxaki zinokubangelwa sisizathu seswekile esezantsi yegazi, endaweni yesiphumo seswekile esezantsi yegazi uqobo.

Ukuba unesifo seswekile ngexesha lokukhulelwa, sebenza nomboneleli wakho ukulawula inqanaba leswekile yegazi. Qiniseka ukuba inqanaba leswekile esegazini lakho elisandul 'ukuzalwa lijongwa emva kokuzalwa.

Unyango lwe-neonatal hypoglycemia

UDavis SN, uLamos EM, u-Younk LM. Hypoglycemia kunye ne-hypoglycemic syndromes. Ku: Jameson JL, De Groot LJ, de Kretser DM, et al, ii-eds. Endocrinology: Abantu abadala kunye nabantwana. Umhla wesi-7. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: isahluko 47.

UGarg M, uDevaskar SU. Ukuphazamiseka kwetrabhydrate metabolism kwi-neonate. Ku: UMartin RM, uFanaroff AA, uWalsh MC, ii-eds. UFanaroff kunye noMartin's Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine. Ngomhla we-11. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2020: isahluko 86.

Ukutsala MA. Hypoglycemia. Ku: Kliegman RM, St Geme JW, Blum NJ, Shah SS, Tasker RC, Wilson KM, ii-eds. Incwadi kaNelson yeNcwadi yePediatrics. Umhla wama-21. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020: isahl. 111.