Laryngectomy

I-Laryngectomy yotyando lokususa yonke into okanye inxenye yelarynx (ibhokisi yelizwi).

I-Laryngectomy lutyando olukhulu olwenziwa esibhedlele. Ngaphambi kotyando uya kufumana i-anesthesia ngokubanzi. Uya kuba ulele kwaye ungenazintlungu.

Ilaryngectomy iyonke isusa yonke ingqumbo. Inxalenye yepharynx yakho inokuthi ikhutshwe nayo. I-pharynx yakho yipaseji yangaphakathi ene-mucous embindini weempumlo zakho kunye nomqala.

• Ugqirha uya kusika entanyeni yakho ukuvula loo ndawo. Unonophelo luyathathwa ukugcina imithambo yegazi emikhulu kunye nezinye izinto ezibalulekileyo.
• Umqala kunye nezicubu ezijikelezileyo ziya kususwa. Ii-lymph node nazo zinokususwa.
• Ugqirha uya kwenza ukuvula kwi-trachea yakho kunye nomngxuma phambi kwentamo yakho. I-trachea yakho iya kudityaniswa kulo mngxunya. Umngxunya kuthiwa yi-stoma. Emva kotyando uya kuphefumla nge-stoma yakho. Ayisoze isuswe.
• Isisu sakho, izihlunu, kunye nolusu luya kuvalwa ngemithungo okanye iziqwengana. Unokuba nemibhobho evela kwilonda lakho okwethutyana emva kotyando.

Ugqirha unokwenza kwakhona i-tracheoesophageal puncture (TEP).

• I-TEP ngumngxunya omncinci kwi-windpipe yakho (i-trachea) kunye netyhubhu ehambisa ukutya ukusuka kumqala wakho uye esiswini sakho (esophagus).
• Ugqirha wakho oya kubeka indawo encinci eyenziwe ngumntu (i-prosthesis) kule ndawo. Iprosthesis iya kukuvumela ukuba uthethe emva kokuba ibhokisi yakho yelizwi isusiwe.

Kukho utyando oluninzi olunqabileyo lokususa inxenye yengqula.

• Amagama ezinye zezi nkqubo zi-endoscopic (okanye i-resection transction), i-laryngectomy ethe nkqo, i-laryngectomy ethe tyaba okanye i-supraglottic, kunye ne-laryngectomy ekhethekileyo.
• Ezi nkqubo zinokusebenzela abanye abantu. Utyando onalo luxhomekeke ekubeni umhlaza wakho usasazeke kangakanani kwaye unjani uhlobo lomhlaza onawo.

Olu tyando lunokuthatha iiyure ezi-5 ukuya kwezi-9.

Rhoqo, i-laryngectomy yenziwa ukunyanga umhlaza wengqula. Kwakhona kwenziwa ukunyanga:

• Umvandedwa omkhulu, onjengokudutyulwa ngompu okanye omnye umonzakalo.
• Umonakalo omkhulu kwingqula kunyango lwemitha. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-radiation necrosis.

Iingozi zalo naluphi na utyando zezi:

• Ukunyanga kwamayeza kunyango
• Iingxaki zokuphefumla
• Iingxaki zentliziyo
• Ukopha
• Usulelo

Iingozi zolu tyando zezi:

• I-Hematoma (inqwaba yegazi ngaphandle kwemithambo yegazi)
• Usulelo lwenxeba
• Iifistula (unxibelelwano lwethishu olwenza phakathi kwe-pharynx kunye nolusu olungaqhelekanga apho)
• Ukuvulwa kwe-stoma kunokuba kuncinci kakhulu okanye kuxineke. Oku kubizwa ngokuba yi-stomosis stenosis.
• Ukuvuza ujikeleze i-tracheoesophageal puncture (TEP) kunye neprosthesis
• Umonakalo kwezinye iindawo zomqala okanye itrachea
• Iingxaki zokuginya nokutya
• Iingxaki zokuthetha

Uya kuba notyelelo lwezonyango kunye novavanyo ngaphambi kokuba wenze utyando. Ezinye zazo zezi:

• Uvavanyo olupheleleyo lomzimba kunye novavanyo lwegazi. Izifundo zokulinganisa zinokwenziwa.
• Ukutyelela ugqirha othethayo kunye nokugwinya okwenyukayo ukulungiselela utshintsho emva kotyando.
• Iingcebiso ngezondlo.
• Yeka ukutshaya - ingcebiso. Ukuba uyatshaya kwaye awukayeki.

Soloko uxelela umboneleli wakho wezempilo:

• Ukuba ukhulelwe okanye unokukhulelwa
• Ngawaphi amayeza owasebenzisayo, nditsho neziyobisi, izongezo, okanye amayeza owathengileyo ngaphandle kommiselo
• Ukuba ubusele utywala obuninzi, ngaphezu kwesiselo esinye okanye ezi-2 ngosuku

Ngexesha leentsuku ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa kwakho:

• Unokucelwa ukuba uyeke ukuthatha i-aspirin, ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin), naproxen (Aleve, Naprosyn), clopidogrel (Plavix), warfarin (Coumadin), kunye nezinye iziyobisi ezenza ukuba kube nzima kwigazi lakho ukuba lijiye.
• Buza ukuba zeziphi iziyobisi ekufuneka uzithathile ngosuku lotyando lwakho.

Ngomhla wotyando lwakho:

• Uya kucelwa ukuba ungaseli okanye utye nantoni na emva kobusuku ezinzulwini zobusuku ngaphambi kotyando lwakho.
• Thatha amayeza umboneleli wakho akuxelele ukuba uthathe ngesiphuzo esincinci samanzi.
• Uzakuxelelwa ukuba ufike nini esibhedlele.

Kuya kufuneka uhlale esibhedlele kangangeentsuku ezininzi emva kotyando.

Emva kwenkqubo, uya kuba groggy kwaye awuyi kukwazi ukuthetha. Imaski yeoksijini iya kuba kwisigxina sakho. Kubalulekile ukugcina intloko yakho iphakanyisiwe, uphumle kakhulu, kwaye uhambise imilenze yakho amaxesha ngamaxesha ukuphucula ukuhamba kwegazi. Ukugcina ukuhamba kwegazi kunciphisa umngcipheko wokufumana igazi.

Ungasebenzisa ii-compresses ezifudumeleyo ukunciphisa iintlungu xa ujikeleze. Uya kufumana amayeza eentlungu.

Uya kufumana isondlo nge-IV (ityhubhu eya emthanjeni) kunye neetyhubhu zokutyisa. Ukutyiswa kweetyhubhu kunikezelwa ngombhobho ohamba ngeempumlo nakwindawo yakho (ityhubhu yokondla).

Unokuvunyelwa ukuba uginye ukutya ngokukhawuleza kwiintsuku ezi-2 ukuya kwezi-3 emva kotyando. Nangona kunjalo, kuqhelekile ukuba ulinde iintsuku ezi-5 ukuya kwezi-7 emva kotyando lwakho ukuqala ukutya ngomlomo wakho. Unokuba nesifundo sokuginya, apho kuthathwa i-x-ray ngelixa usela izinto ezahlukileyo. Oku kwenzelwa ukuqinisekisa ukuba akukho ukuvuza ngaphambi kokuqala ukutya.

Umbhobho wakho wokuhambisa amanzi ungasuswa kwiintsuku ezi-2 ukuya kwezi-3. Uya kufundiswa ukuba uyikhathalela njani ityhubhu yakho yokubamba imiphunga kunye ne-stoma. Uya kufunda ukuhlamba ngokukhuselekileyo. Kuya kufuneka ulumke ungavumeli amanzi angene kwi-stoma yakho.

Ukulungiswa kwentetho kunye nengcali yezentetho kuya kukunceda ufunde indlela yokuthetha.

Kuya kufuneka uphephe ukuphakamisa okunzima okanye umsebenzi onzima malunga neeveki ezi-6. Unokuphinda uqale kancinci imisebenzi yakho elula, elula.

Landela umboneleli wakho njengoko uxelelwe.

Amanxeba akho aya kuthabatha malunga neeveki ezi-2 ukuya kwezi-3 zokuphola. Ungalindela ukuba uchache ngokupheleleyo malunga nenyanga. Amaxesha amaninzi, ukususwa kwengqula kuya kuwukhupha wonke umhlaza okanye izinto ezonzakeleyo. Abantu bafunda indlela yokutshintsha indlela yabo yokuphila baze baphile ngaphandle kwebhokisi yelizwi. Unokufuna ezinye iindlela zonyango, ezinje ngeradiotherapy okanye ichemotherapy.

Gcwalisa i-laryngectomy; I-laryngectomy ekhethekileyo

• Ukuginya iingxaki

I-Lorenz RR, i-Couch ME, iBurkey BB. Intloko nentamo. Ku: Townsend CM Jr, Beauchamp RD, Evers BM, Mattox KL, ii-eds. Incwadi yeSabiston yoNyango. Umhla we-20. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; I-2017: isahluko 33.

Posner MR. Intloko kunye nomhlaza wentamo. Ku: IGoldman L, iSchafer AI, ii-eds. Amayeza eGoldman-Cecil. Umhla wama-25. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016: isahluko 190.

URassekh H, uHaughey BH. Iyonke iLaryngectomy kunye ne-laryngopharyngectomy. Ku: Flint PW, Haughey BH, Lund V, et al, ii-eds. I-Cummings Otolaryngology: Utyando lweNtloko kunye neNtamo. Umhla wesi-6. IPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2015: isahluko 110.